scholarly journals Toxicology is IN: in silico, in vitro, integrated testing strategy

ALTEX ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 187-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Caloni
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Testing Strategy ◽  
Integrated Testing

Predicting skin sensitisation using a decision tree integrated testing strategy with an in silico model and in chemico/in vitro assays

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna S. Macmillan ◽  
Steven J. Canipa ◽  
Martyn L. Chilton ◽  
Richard V. Williams ◽  
Christopher G. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
In Silico ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Testing Strategy ◽  
In Silico Model ◽  
Skin Sensitisation ◽  
Integrated Testing

Applicability of an Integrated Testing Strategy consisting of in silico , in chemico and in vitro assays for evaluating the skin sensitization potencies of isocyanates

Toxicology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Ohtake ◽  
Yosuke Maeda ◽  
Tae Hayashi ◽  
Hidenori Yamanaka ◽  
Makoto Nakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Skin Sensitization ◽  
Testing Strategy ◽  
Integrated Testing

scholarly journals An Integrated Decision-tree Testing Strategy for Repeat Dose Toxicity with Respect to the Requirements of the EU REACH Legislation

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Grindon ◽  
Robert Combes ◽  
Mark T.D. Cronin ◽  
David W. Roberts ◽  
John F. Garrod
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Repeat Dose ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Testing Strategy ◽  
Repeat Dose Toxicity ◽  
Joint Research Project

This paper presents some results of a joint research project conducted by FRAME and Liverpool John Moores University, and sponsored by Defra, on the status of alternatives to animal testing with regard to the European Union REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) system for the safety testing and risk assessment of chemicals. The project covered all the main toxicity end-points associated with REACH. This paper focuses on the use of alternative (non-animal) methods (both in vitro and in silico) for repeat dose (sub-acute, sub-chronic and chronic) toxicity testing. It reviews the limited number of in silico and in vitro tests available for this endpoint, and outlines new technologies which could be used in the future, e.g. the use of biomarkers and the ‘omics’ technologies. An integrated testing strategy is proposed, which makes use of as much non-animal data as possible, before any essential in vivo studies are performed. Although none of the non-animal tests are currently undergoing validation, their results could help to reduce the number of animals required for testing for repeat dose toxicity.

scholarly journals Predicting the Acute Liver Toxicity of Aflatoxin B1 in Rats and Humans by an In Vitro–In Silico Testing Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (13) ◽  
pp. 2000063
Author(s):  
Ixchel Gilbert‐Sandoval ◽  
Sebastiaan Wesseling ◽  
Ivonne M. C. M. Rietjens
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Testing Strategy

An Integrated Decision-tree Testing Strategy for Repeat Dose Toxicity with Respect to the Requirements of the EU REACH Legislation

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Grindon ◽  
Robert Combes ◽  
Mark T.D. Cronin ◽  
David W. Roberts ◽  
John F. Garrod
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Repeat Dose ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Testing Strategy ◽  
Repeat Dose Toxicity ◽  
Joint Research Project

This paper presents some results of a joint research project conducted by FRAME and Liverpool John Moores University, and sponsored by Defra, on the status of alternatives to animal testing with regard to the European Union REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) system for the safety testing and risk assessment of chemicals. The project covered all the main toxicity end-points associated with REACH. This paper focuses on the use of alternative (non-animal) methods (both in vitro and in silico) for repeat dose (sub-acute, sub-chronic and chronic) toxicity testing. It reviews the limited number of in silico and in vitro tests available for this endpoint, and outlines new technologies which could be used in the future, e.g. the use of biomarkers and the ‘omics’ technologies. An integrated testing strategy is proposed, which makes use of as much non-animal data as possible, before any essential in vivo studies are performed. Although none of the non-animal tests are currently undergoing validation, their results could help to reduce the number of animals required for testing for repeat dose toxicity.

ICONS - Integrated testing strategy for mechanistically assessing the respiratory toxicity of functionalized MWCNTs – Comparative in vitro investigations

2018 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. S213
Author(s):  
C. Ziemann ◽  
S.M. Reamon-Buettner ◽  
D. Lison ◽  
J.C. Bonner ◽  
S. van den Brule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Testing Strategy ◽  
Integrated Testing ◽  
Functionalized Mwcnts ◽  
Respiratory Toxicity

Refinement of in silico cytogenicity evaluation and development of an integrated testing strategy for carcinogenicity based on data science

2017 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. S115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurika Fujita ◽  
Hiroshi Honda ◽  
Shoji Matsumura ◽  
Taisuke Kawamoto ◽  
Takeshi Morita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Testing Strategy ◽  
Integrated Testing

An integrated testing strategy for in vitro skin corrosion and irritation assessment using SkinEthic™ Reconstructed Human Epidermis

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1779-1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Alépée ◽  
Marie-Hélène Grandidier ◽  
Carine Tornier ◽  
José Cotovio
Keyword(s):  
Human Epidermis ◽  
Testing Strategy ◽  
Reconstructed Human Epidermis ◽  
Integrated Testing

An Integrated Decision-tree Testing Strategy for Eye Irritation with Respect to the Requirements of the EU REACH Legislation

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Grindon ◽  
Robert Combes ◽  
Mark T.D. Cronin ◽  
David W. Roberts ◽  
John F. Garrod
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Testing Strategy ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Eye Irritation ◽  
Joint Research Project

This paper presents some results of a joint research project, sponsored by Defra and conducted by FRAME and Liverpool John Moores University, on the status of alternatives to animal testing with regard to the European Union REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) system for the safety testing and risk assessment of chemicals. The project covered all the main toxicity endpoints associated with REACH. This paper focuses on the use of alternative (non-animal) methods (both in vitro and in silico) for eye irritation testing. The manuscript reviews numerous in vitro tests and their possible collation into test batteries, in silico models and a refined in vivo method (the low volume eye test), before combining the use of all these methods into an integrated testing strategy. The aim of this strategy is a reduction in the number of animal tests which would need to be performed in the process of fulfilling the REACH system criteria; this would also lead to a lowering of the number of animals required in compliance with the REACH system requirements.

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