scholarly journals Beyond the Berger Inquiry: Can Extractive Resource Development Help the Sustainability of Canada’s Arctic Communities?

ARCTIC ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Southcott ◽  
Frances Abele ◽  
David Natcher ◽  
Brenda Parlee
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Resource Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Arctic Communities ◽  
Negative Impacts

 The four decades since the Berger Inquiry have produced a large body of research demonstrating the positive and negative impacts of resource development on northern communities. However, little independent research has aimed to yield an understanding of how best to manage the impacts of resource development and to harness its benefits in ways that can promote long-term sustainable development. This question was the impetus for the Resources and Sustainable Development in the Arctic (ReSDA) research project funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada in 2011. Representing a network of researchers, community members and organizations, ReSDA researchers conducted a series of analyses that focused on what was needed to ensure that northern communities received more benefits from resource development and potential negative impacts were mitigated. Overall, the analyses highlight the serious gaps that remain in our ability to ensure that resource development projects improve the sustainability of Arctic communities. These gaps include a proper understanding of cumulative impacts, the ability of communities to adequately participate in new regulatory processes, the non-economic aspects of well-being, the effects of impact and benefit agreements and new financial benefits, and new mitigation activities.

scholarly journals Bibliometric Analysis of SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 Studies from India and Connection to Sustainable Development Goals

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7555
Author(s):  
Raghu Raman ◽  
Ricardo Vinuesa ◽  
Prema Nedungadi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Semantic Associations ◽  
Number Of Publications

India is ranked fifth in the world in terms of COVID-19 publications accounting for 6.7% of the total. About 60% of the COVID-19 publications in the year 2020 are from United States, China, UK, Italy, and India. We present a bibliometric analysis of the publication trends and citation structure along with the identification of major research clusters. By performing network analysis of authors, citations, institutions, keywords, and countries, we explore semantic associations by applying visualization techniques. Our study shows lead taken by the United States, China, UK, Italy, India in COVID-19 research may be attributed to the high prevalence of COVID-19 cases in those countries witnessing the first outbreak and also due to having access to COVID-19 data, access to labs for experimental trials, immediate funding, and overall support from the govt. agencies. A large number of publications and citations from India are due to co-authored publications with countries like the United States, UK, China, and Saudi Arabia. Findings show health sciences have the highest number of publications and citations, while physical sciences and social sciences and humanities counts were low. A large proportion of publications fall into the open-access category. With India as the focus, by comparing three major pandemics—SARS, MERS, COVID-19—from a bibliometrics perspective, we observe much broader involvement of authors from multiple countries for COVID-19 studies when compared to SARS and MERS. Finally, by applying bibliometric indicators, we see an increasing number of sustainable development-related studies from the COVID-19 domain, particularly concerning the topic of good health and well-being. This study allows for a deeper understanding of how the scholarly community from a populous country like India pursued research in the midst of a major pandemic which resulted in the closure of scientific institutions for an extended time.

Psycho-Social Problems Experienced by Native Population Groups in the Canadian Arctic Involved in Resource Development

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
Otto Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Resource Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Native Population ◽  
Nutritional Anemia ◽  
Children Obesity ◽  
The Face

Physical health and psycho-social impacts are very much related. There are indications that not only the psychological and social well-being of native peoples but also the physical health and nutritional status has deteriorated in the face of resource development activities in the Arctic. Examples are provided of nutritional anemia, infection of the gastro-intestinal and respiratory tracts in children, obesity, arteriosclerosis and metabolic problems in adults, as well as family break-down, alcohol abuse, venereal disease, and deaths due to violence.

scholarly journals Exploring the Term “Resilience” in Arctic Health and Well-Being Using a Sharing Circle as a Community-Centered Approach: Insights from a Conference Workshop

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwen Healey Akearok ◽  
Katie Cueva ◽  
Jon Stoor ◽  
Christina Larsen ◽  
Elizabeth Rink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Science Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Dimensions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Arctic Communities ◽  
Arctic Policy

In the field of Arctic health, “resilience” is a term and concept used to describe capacity to recover from difficulties. While the term is widely used in Arctic policy contexts, there is debate at the community level on whether “resilience” is an appropriate term to describe the human dimensions of health and wellness in the Arctic. Further, research methods used to investigate resilience have largely been limited to Western science research methodologies, which emphasize empirical quantitative studies and may not mirror the perspective of the Arctic communities under study. To explore conceptions of resilience in Arctic communities, a Sharing Circle was facilitated at the International Congress on Circumpolar Health in 2018. With participants engaging from seven of the eight Arctic countries, participants shared critiques of the term “resilience,” and their perspectives on key components of thriving communities. Upon reflection, this use of a Sharing Circle suggests that it may be a useful tool for deeper investigations into health-related issues affecting Arctic Peoples. The Sharing Circle may serve as a meaningful methodology for engaging communities using resonant research strategies to decolonize concepts of resilience and highlight new dimensions for promoting thriving communities in Arctic populations.

Global interdependence and Arctic voices: capacity-building for sustainable livelihoods

Polar Record ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (206) ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
Mark Nuttall
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Implementation Strategy ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
International Affairs ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
Development Capacity ◽  
Critical Issues

AbstractIn recent years the concept of capacity-building or capacity development has evolved to help policymakers frame crucial questions about how sustainability can be achieved. However, like sustainable development, capacity-building proves difficult to define, as it encompasses human, technological, educational, organisational, scientific, cultural, financial, and institutional aspects. This article suggests that capacity-building is an approach to sustainable development, its main goal being to enhance the capabilities of people and institutions to improve their skills and abilities to solve problems, define their needs, and strengthen their prospects for achieving sustainable livelihoods. Capacity-building is now a key objective for the Arctic Council — indeed, the Council sees it as a necessary element for both the achievement of sustainable development and for co-operation at circumpolar and wider international levels. The Arctic Council has charged its Sustainable Development Working Group to draft a capacity-building implementation strategy. The overall aim of a capacity-building implementation strategy will be to enhance the Arctic Council's own effectiveness in managing its own structures and developing programmes and activities, and also to shape a capacitybuilding role for the Council in international affairs. This article offers some perspectives on the kinds of critical issues an Arctic Council capacity-building strategy should be concerned with, such as skills, knowledge, well-being, gender equality, and the barriers to capacity-building for sustainable livelihoods. A test of the effectiveness of such a strategy will be how far it strengthens the capacity of the peoples of the Arctic to achieve sustainable livelihoods and how the Arctic Council can build its own capacity to be an enabling environment for Arctic voices to be heard in circumpolar and international contexts.

scholarly journals Management of Externalities in the Context of Sustainable Development of the Russian Arctic Zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7749
Author(s):  
Vera P. Samarina ◽  
Tatiana P. Skufina ◽  
Diana Yu. Savon ◽  
Alexey I. Shinkevich
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
The Russian Federation

The territory of the Arctic is of interest from the point of view of the strategic development of the economy. However, the industrialization of the Arctic zone is accompanied by both a positive and a negative influence on the country’s socio-economic development. An analytical review of the research which has been published previously allows us to discuss the issue of sustainable development in the Arctic through the prism of the theory of externalities. Considering this, the paper examines some relevant issues from the standpoints of the concept of sustainable development and scientific and technological progress. Against the background of the identified problems, the purpose of the research is to clarify management decisions in the field of internalization of the externalities of economic development of the Russian Arctic zone. As research methods, the authors have applied comparative analysis, dynamic analysis, the coefficient method, correlational analysis and cluster analysis. An analytical review of scientific works, research tooling and a statistical database concerning the development of the Russian Arctic zone provided the following scientific results: the category of “externalities” in the context of industrialization of the Arctic zone’s territories and their systematization in a number of areas (environmental, innovation, investment, infrastructure, social, etc.) has been clarified; some trends in the degree of neutralization of negative environmental externalities in terms of environmental problems (pollution capture, waste disposal, recycling and wastewater treatment) have been identified; the dynamics of investment per unit of environmental pollution in the context of environmental approaches have been elucidated; the efficiency of investments in environmental preservation measures in the territories of the Russian Arctic zone have been evaluated; positive innovative externality from the investment of own funds in the fixed capital of enterprises have been revealed; the typology of the subjects of the Russian Federation that form part of the Arctic zone, according to the criteria of the intensity of costs for neutralization of negative externalities (territories with high, moderate and low intensity of costs) have been suggested; and a package of measures in order to manage the external effects of economic development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation in the context of sustainable development has been proposed. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of taking all of them into account in the implementation of the state program “Socio-economic development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation”, contributing to the qualitative development of the territories of the Russian Arctic and improving the well-being of the population of the corresponding constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals The Future of Hydrocarbon Development in Greenland: Perspectives from Residents of the North Slope of Alaska

ARCTIC ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-374
Author(s):  
Anne Merrild Hansen ◽  
Ross A. Virginia
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
North Slope ◽  
Subsistence Hunting ◽  
The North ◽  
North Slope Of Alaska ◽  
Hydrocarbon Development

 Although Greenland has pursued hydrocarbon development over the last four decades, no viable reserves have been found to date. Therefore, local Greenland communities have little experience or knowledge of how such development might affect their way of life or how to influence project development and outcomes should a significant reserve be found. On the North Slope of Alaska, in contrast, hydrocarbon extraction was commercialized in the 1970s, and the industry is now highly developed. North Slope residents have experienced dramatic influences on their everyday lives and well-being as a result of large-scale hydrocarbon projects. Some consequences have been welcomed, such as economic development and higher employment rates; however, other impacts are harmful, such as reduced ability of local peoples to maintain subsistence hunting practices. The villages on Alaska’s North Slope share many features in common with settlements in Greenland, such as small size, isolation, and limited political influence. In this study, we explore how Greenlanders might learn from the Alaska experience by examining the comments of North Slope residents. We propose that increased local-to-local recommendation-sharing across the Arctic would better guide sustainable development practices and benefits into potential future projects in Greenland. We conclude that an Arctic “Community Guide” and the process to create one could improve planning and implementation of hydrocarbon projects across the Arctic and promote locally appropriate sustainable development in the affected communities.

scholarly journals Forecasting the Economic Growth Limitations in the Northern Regions Based on the “Sustainability Windows” Assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Pavel V. DRUZHININ ◽  
◽  
Galina T. SHKIPEROVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Using Data

In modern conditions, the issues of assessing the sustainability of regional development are of particular relevance. The complex problems of interrelation of economic growth, environmental pollution and population well-being require the development and use of new, simpler and more understandable ap-proaches for decision makers to assess, analyze, and predict sustainability at the regional level. The pur-pose of the article is to investigate the opportunities for sustainable development of the regions of the European North included in the Arctic zone, and to develop methods for forecasting their socio-environmental and economic development based on sustainability window assessment. The dynamics of changes in the relationship between environmental, social and economic indicators with the use of pollu-tion functions is analyzed. The main factors contributing to the reduction of environmental pollution and increase of the population's well-being are identified. It is shown that structural changes in the regional economy and environmental investments have the greatest effect. A methodology for calculating sustainability windows for the regional economy is presented. The possibility of using the method has been demonstrated using data from the Republic of Karelia. A scenario of sustainable development based on the restriction of economic growth for some regions and the requirements for the structure of the economy has been developed. The results obtained can be used as an informational and methodological basis for assessing and elaborating sustainable development policies in the Arctic regions.

scholarly journals Transformation of the energy sector in the Arctic in the context of sustainable development of the region

2021 ◽  
Vol 1201 (1) ◽  
pp. 012069
Author(s):  
V A Fedorova ◽  
E T Kadzhaeva ◽  
K V Vovkodav
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
The Arctic Region

Abstract The Arctic is the northernmost region of our planet, including the outskirts of the continents of Eurasia and North America, as well as the corresponding islands and archipelagos, the Arctic Ocean and parts of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Despite the still existing discrepancy in the concept of the boundaries of the Arctic region, all researchers agree in one opinion: this region is most sensitive to the climate change, and the consequences may be irreversible. As a part of the commitments on sustainable development undertaken by Russia and taking into account the importance and special status of the Arctic region, it seems necessary to consider the possibility of transforming the energy sector of the Arctic as one of the main sources of emissions of pollutants and CO2 in the region. The combination of energy sources proposed in the article - natural gas and renewable energy sources - is the cleanest and most environmentally friendly, and a hybrid energy system based on this alliance is the most sustainable and allows to use advantages of proposed energy sources, hedging each other's limitations. Proposed hybrid system could contribute to the development of the region and the well-being of its population and the environment.

scholarly journals SOCIAL WELL-BEING OF THE POPULATION AS AN INDICATOR OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC RISKS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARCTIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 231 (5) ◽  
pp. 280-293
Author(s):  
ALBERT V. SMETANIN ◽  
◽  
LYUDMILA M. SMETANINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Assessments ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
Economic Risks

The concept of «northern man» with its basic values is used. The data of sociological studies on the social, in many cases negative, well-being of the population of the Arctic territories are presented. Self-assessments and expert opinions highlight poverty, healthcare, housing and utilities, and crime as negative priorities. Conclusions are drawn about social well-being as an indicator of socio-economic risks of sustainable development of the Arctic.

scholarly journals Reviewing the Role of Outdoor Lighting in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12657
Author(s):  
Pedro Tavares ◽  
Dmitrii Ingi ◽  
Luiz Araújo ◽  
Paulo Pinho ◽  
Pramod Bhusal
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Negative Impacts

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim at providing a healthier planet for present and future generations. At the most recent SDG summit held in 2019, Member States recognized that the achievements accomplished to date have been insufficient to achieve this mission. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of 227 documents contextualizing outdoor lighting with SDGs, showing its potential to resolve some existing issues related to the SDG targets. From a list of 17 goals, six SDGs were identified to have relevant synergies with outdoor lighting in smart cities, including SDG 3 (Good health and well-being), SDG 11 (Sustainable cities and communities), SDG 14 (Life below water) and SDG 15 (Life on land). This review also links efficient lighting roles partially with SDG 7 (Affordable and clean energy) and SDG 13 (Climate action) through Target 7.3 and Target 13.2, respectively. This paper identifies outdoor lighting as a vector directly impacting 16 of the 50 targets in the six SDGs involved. Each section in this review discusses the main aspects of outdoor lighting by a human-centric, energy efficiency and environmental impacts. Each aspect addresses the most recent studies contributing to lighting solutions in the literature, helping us to understand the positive and negative impacts of artificial lighting on living beings. In addition, the work summarizes the proposed solutions and results tackling specific topics impacting SDG demands.

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