scholarly journals Investigating The Effects Of Optogenetic Inhibition Of The Prefrontal Cortex And The Influence Of Estrous Cycle On Female Rats In A Risky Decision-making Task

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Shen Knes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Risky Decision Making ◽  
Risky Decision

scholarly journals Risk-based Decision Making in Rats: Modulation by Sex and Amphetamine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dannia Islas-Preciado ◽  
Steven R. Wainwright ◽  
Julia Sniegocki ◽  
Stephane E. Lieblich ◽  
Shunya Yagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Risky Choice ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Risky Decision Making ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Males And Females

AbstractDecision-making is a complex process essential to daily adaptation in many species. Risk is an inherent aspect of decision-making and it is influenced by gonadal hormones. Testosterone and 17β-estradiol may modulate decision making and impact the mesocorticolimbic dopamine pathway. Here, we explored sex differences, the effect of gonadal hormones and the dopamine agonist amphetamine on risk-based decision making. Intact or gonadectomised (GDX) male and female rats underwent to a probabilistic discounting task. High and low doses of testosterone propionate (1.0 or 0.2 mg) and 17β-estradiol benzoate (0.3 μg) were administered to assess acute effects on risk-based decision making. After 3-days of washout period, intact and GDX rats received high or low (0.5 or 0.125 mg/kg) doses of amphetamine and re-tested in the probabilistic discounting task. Under baseline conditions, males made more risky choices during probability discounting compared to female rats, particularly in the lower probability blocks, but GDX did not influence risky choice. The high, but not the low dose, of testosterone modestly reduced risky decision making in GDX male rats. Conversely, 17β-estradiol had no significant effect on risky choice regardless of GDX status in either sex. Lastly, a higher dose of amphetamine increased risky decision making in both intact males and females, but had no effect in GDX rats. These findings demonstrated sex differences in risk-based decision making, with males showing a stronger bias towards larger, uncertain rewards. GDX status influenced the effects of amphetamine, suggesting different dopaminergic regulation in risk-based choices among males and females.

scholarly journals Differential effects of insular and ventromedial prefrontal cortex lesions on risky decision-making

Brain ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
pp. 1311-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Clark ◽  
A. Bechara ◽  
H. Damasio ◽  
M. R. F. Aitken ◽  
B. J. Sahakian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Risky Decision Making ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
Differential Effects

scholarly journals Risky Decision Making, Prefrontal Cortex, and Mesocorticolimbic Functional Connectivity in Methamphetamine Dependence

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milky Kohno ◽  
Angelica M. Morales ◽  
Dara G. Ghahremani ◽  
Gerhard Hellemann ◽  
Edythe D. London
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Risky Decision Making ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
Methamphetamine Dependence

scholarly journals Dopamine neurons gate the intersection of cocaine use, decision making, and impulsivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristan Hynes ◽  
Kelly Hrelja ◽  
Brett Hathaway ◽  
Celine Hounjet ◽  
Chloe Chernoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Risky Choice ◽  
Dopamine Neurons ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Risky Decision Making ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
And Performance

Gambling and substance use disorders are highly comorbid. Both clinical populations are impulsive and exhibit risky decision-making. Drug-associated cues have long been known to facilitate habitual drug-seeking, and the salient audiovisual cues embedded within modern gambling products may like-wise encourage problem gambling. The dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are exquisitely sensitive to drugs of abuse, uncertain rewards, and reward-paired cues, and may therefore be the common neural substrate mediating synergistic features of both disorders. To test this hypothesis, we first gained specific inhibitory control over VTA dopamine neurons by transducing a floxed inhibitory DREADD (AAV5-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry) in rats expressing Cre recombinase in tyrosine hydroxylase neurons. We then trained rats in our cued rat gambling task (crGT), inhibiting dopamine neurons throughout task acquisition and performance, before allowing them to self-administer cocaine in the same diurnal period as crGT sessions. The trajectories of addiction differ in women and men, and the dopamine system may differ functionally across the sexes, therefore we used male and female rats here. We found that inhibition of VTA dopamine neurons decreased cue-induced risky choice and reduced motor impulsivity in males, but surprisingly, enhanced risky decision making in females. Inhibiting VTA dopamine neurons also prevented cocaine-induced deficits in decision making in both sexes, but nevertheless drove all animals to consume more cocaine. These findings show that chronic dampening of dopamine signalling can have both protective and deleterious effects on addiction-relevant behaviours, depending on biological sex and dependent variable of interest.

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