Mitigating Alkali-Silica Reaction and Freezing and Thawing in Concrete Pavement by Silane Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Deschenes ◽  
Eric R. Giannini ◽  
Thano Drimalas ◽  
Benoit Fournier ◽  
W. Micah Hale
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Alkali Silica Reaction ◽  
Silane Treatment ◽  
Freezing And Thawing

scholarly journals Recycling of a Concrete Pavement after over 80 Years in Service

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Rudnicki ◽  
Robert Jurczak
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
Concrete Aggregate ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Traffic Loading ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Renewal Project

This article presents the results of fatigue testing and assessment of the mechanical and physical properties of the concrete pavement of the A6 motorway, which was put in service in 1938. After 82 years of operation under heavy traffic loading conditions, the pavement was fully recycled by crushing of the existing concrete and reuse of the reclaimed material in the new courses of pavement placed as part of the motorway renewal project. The main objective of this research was to determine the properties of the tested concrete, including compressive strength, water absorption and freeze-thaw resistance after 150 cycles of alternate freezing and thawing. The resistance of the concrete to the action of de-icing products was also checked. The article also presents the results of petrographic analysis of the aggregates. Additionally, concrete sampled from the pavement was evaluated for freeze-thaw resistance in relation to the determined porosity characteristics. The tested concrete, which was subjected to over 80 years of traffic loading on the A6 motorway, was found to meet the highest requirements as currently applied for the extra heavy-duty pavements. With a compressive strength value in excess of 50 MPa, the tested concrete can be rated at least CC40, according to EN 13877-2:2013-08. The samples were found to satisfy the freeze-thaw resistance requirements of an F150 rating. The air void analysis showed that the analyzed concrete contained 1.6% of micropores, i.e., air voids smaller than 300 μm (A300). The spacing factor, in turn, was below 0.200 mm (L = 0.185 mm). The example of the A6 motorway renewal project served to demonstrate that reclaimed concrete aggregate, obtained by crushing the entire pavement, can be used for production of the new pavement courses.

Mitigation of Alkali-Silica Reaction and Freezing and Thawing through Surface Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Deschenes ◽  
Cameron D. Murray ◽  
W. Micah Hale
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Alkali Silica Reaction ◽  
Freezing And Thawing

scholarly journals Durability of concrete containing aggregate produced from recycled concrete affected by alkali-silica reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Christidis
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Alkali Silica Reaction ◽  
Concrete Aggregate ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Salt Scaling ◽  
And Control ◽  
Minimal Information ◽  
Durability Of Concrete

Minimal information is available on the durability of concrete containing demolished concrete as an aggregate. The purpose of this study was to: investigate and control the reactivity of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) produced from concrete that was suffering from alkali silica reaction (ASR); and investigate other durability issues of concrete containing RCA with emphasis on salt scaling and freezing & thawing. It was deduced that the RCA produced from ASR-affected concrete caused expansion when used in new concrete as an aggregate. This high reactivity of the tested RCA was attributable to its relatively high alkalis and calcium contents. Furthermore, a greater amount of SCM was required to reduce expansion compared to concrete containing raw natural reactive aggregate. In terms of freezing and thawing and salt scaling, concrete containing coarse RCA at a 100% replacement level of coarse aggregate showed lower durability compared to concrete made with natural coarse aggregate.

Effectiveness of sealers in counteracting alkali-silica reaction in highway median barriers exposed to wetting and drying, freezing and thawing, and deicing salt

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc-André Bérubé ◽  
Dominique Chouinard ◽  
Michel Pigeon ◽  
Jean Frenette ◽  
Michel Rivest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Water ◽  
Alkali Silica Reaction ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Deicing Salt ◽  
Concrete Members ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
Concrete Cylinders ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
High Alkali

This study follows another experimental study where different types of sealers were applied on plain and air-entrained large concrete cylinders made with high-alkali contents and highly alkali–silica reactive limestone aggregates. The main objective was to determine the effectiveness of these sealers in counteracting concrete expansion and surface deterioration due to alkali–silica reaction under various exposure conditions. This study indicated that all three sealers tested, the silane-, oligosiloxane-, and polysiloxane-based sealers, could stop concrete expansion due to ASR and even produced contraction, even for concrete cylinders subjected to wetting and drying, freezing and thawing, and sodium chloride solutions. In 1991, the same silane, oligosiloxane, and polysiloxane were applied on sections of median barriers showing various degrees of deterioration due to ASR. These sections were subjected to wetting and drying, freezing and thawing, and, during winter, to deicing salt. The silane was also applied on other sections of the same barriers in 1994. Observations and measurements over 10 years indicate that the aesthetic appearance of these median barriers, particularly those sealed with the silane, was greatly improved, while internal humidity was significantly reduced, and concrete expansion as well, when not arrested. The period of time during which the above three sealers were capable to stop ASR expansion varies with the sealer used and the degree of concrete deterioration at the time of sealing. For instance, the silane, which was the best among all products tested, caused concrete contraction for at least 6 years in median barriers that were severely affected by ASR, and likely for more than 10 years in moderately affected barriers. The overall results confirm the conclusions obtained previously in the laboratory: a good sealer such as the silane tested may greatly improve the aesthetic appearance and stop the expansion of non-massive ASR-affected concrete members, at least up to about 300 mm in thickness, and subjected to wetting and drying, freezing and thawing, and salt water. However, the poor result obtained in the field with another silane-based sealer indicates that a sealer cannot be selected based on its composition only.Key words: alkali–silica reaction, concrete; cracking, expansion, internal humidity, median barrier, sealer, silane, siloxane.

Effectiveness of sealers in counteracting alkali-silica reaction in plain and air-entrained laboratory concretes exposed to wetting and drying, freezing and thawing, and salt water

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc-André Bérubé ◽  
Dominique Chouinard ◽  
Michel Pigeon ◽  
Jean Frenette ◽  
Luc Boisvert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Water ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Alkali Silica Reaction ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Surface Cracking ◽  
Air Content ◽  
High Alkali ◽  
Freezing And Thawing Cycles

Low- and high-alkali, plain and air-entrained large concrete cylinders, 255 mm in diameter by 310 mm in length, were made with a highly alkali–silica reactive limestone. After curing, a number of cylinders were sealed with silane, oligosiloxane, polysiloxane, linseed oil, or epoxy, with others subjected to 179 freezing and thawing cycles in humid air (one cycle per day). All cylinders were then subjected to 14-day exposure cycles, including in the most severe case periods of humid storage in air, drying, wetting in salt water, and freezing and thawing cycles. All low-alkali specimens did not either expand or develop surface cracking, even those with a deficient air void system and exposed to freezing and thawing cycles. All unsealed high-alkali cylinders subjected early to a series of freezing and thawing cycles did not significantly expand during these cycles, but presented high expansion afterwards. Wetting and drying significantly reduced alkali–silica reaction (ASR) expansion compared with constant humid storage; however, it promoted map-cracking. Regardless of the air content, freezing and thawing increased greatly the concrete expansion in the presence of ASR, even after ASR was almost complete; freezing and thawing also greatly promoted surface cracking. On the other hand, all cylinders early sealed with silane, oligosilixane, or polysiloxane did not either significantly expand or show map-cracking, whatever the exposure conditions and the air content; these cylinders progressively lost mass with time. On the other hand, the epoxy resin was not effective. The linseed oil prevented map-cracking while significantly reducing expansion, however not sufficiently. After one or 1.5 years, some expanding cylinders were sealed with silane, oligosiloxane, or polysiloxane; they started to loose mass and contracted immediately after being sealed, whatever the exposure conditions. The results obtained thus indicate that a good sealer may greatly improve the aesthetic appearance (e.g., map-cracking) and stop expansion of ASR-affected concrete elements of 255 mm or less in thickness, made with a water-to-cement ratio in the range of 0.50, and exposed to wetting and drying, freezing and thawing, and salt water.Key words: air entrained, alkali–silica reaction, concrete, cracking, expansion, freezing and thawing, sealer, silane, siloxane, wetting and drying.

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