scholarly journals On the difficulties in the diagnosis of hyperparathyroid crisis

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 22-23
Author(s):  
A. V. Tolkachev ◽  
N. V. Kolyaskina ◽  
T. A. Zykova
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Endocrine Tumors ◽  
Electrolyte Disorders ◽  
Hypercalcemic Crisis ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties

Hyperparathyroid (hypercalcemic) crisis develops with adenomas of the parathyroid glands or their hyperplasia, malignant non-endocrine tumors that secrete parathyroid hormone. The calcium level at which a crisis develops can be different. The clinical picture of the crisis is due to calcium intoxication and other symptoms and electrolyte disorders associated with it. It is very variable and therefore there are diagnostic difficulties. A differential diagnosis in this situation has to be carried out with comas of a different etiology, which have similar symptoms, with diseases of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, kidney pathology and conditions caused by diseases of the neuropsychic sphere.

scholarly journals Original SARS-CoV-2 vaccine model

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
I. E. Khoroshilov
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

The new coronavirus infection COVID-19 that appeared at the end of 2019 is signifi cantly different from the viral infections that existed previously. The new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus combines two transmission routes—aerosol and oral-intestinal. The targets for this virus are both cells of the respiratory system and the human gastrointestinal tract. Along with the classical form of this disease, the so-called “gastrointestinal” form is described, in which the clinical picture is dominated by signs of damage to the gastrointestinal tract (diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia). These symptoms are detected, in general, in 20% of patients with COVID-19. More than 80% of patients have mild forms, a third of these individuals had diarrhea. Although SARSCoV-2 viral RNA is detected in faeces samples of patients with COVID-19, it does not carry an infectious onset, and not a single case of fecal-oral transmission has been confi rmed. Since the intestines are the most powerful organ of our immune system, we can introduce SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA into the gastrointestinal tract to ensure the formation of immunity to this infection.

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis in hematochezia

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
D. I. Trukhan ◽  
L. V. Tarasova ◽  
E. I. Busalaeva ◽  
O. L. Ariamkina
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Bowel Movement ◽  
Differential Diagnostics

The appearance of hematohecia (blood in the bowel movement) is considered one of the most disturbing and serious symptoms of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), signaling a violation of the integrity of the vessels of the intestine and mucous membrane. In the presented lecture the main diseases and conditions are considered, in the clinical picture of which the appearance of blood in the stool is noted, which must be considered in the course of differential diagnostics

scholarly journals Primary Hyperparathyroidism with a Predominant Lesion of the Gastrointestinal Tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Kudashkina ◽  
E. G. Gavrilenko ◽  
A. A. Yakushev ◽  
G. G. Totolyan ◽  
N. N. Petrenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Parathyroid Gland ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Complete Relief ◽  
Electrolyte Disorders ◽  
Terminal Ileitis ◽  
Surgical Department

Primary hyperparathyroidism is a common pathology, but it is fact that doctors of various specialties run against difficulties in diagnosinging. The variety of clinical manifestations causes a long period of diagnosis and, late start of treatment. The main symptoms of this pathology are described taking into account the pathogenesis. The most common laboratory markers of hyperparathyroidism are incrising level of parathyroid hormone and hypercalcemia. Imaging examination methods are used to establish primary hyperparathyroidism. Targeted ultrasound examination of the parathyroid glands should be performed in all patients with suspected calcium metabolism disorders.This article presents a clinical case of primary hyperparathyroidism with predominant gastrointestinal symptoms. The patient was twice admitted to the hospital with various clinical manifestations of damage to the gastrointestinal tract. Erosive gastritis, terminal ileitis, chronic pancreatitis, and cholelithiasis were identified. A differential diagnosis was made with small intestine lymphoma and Crohn’s disease. In addition, there were General cerebral symptoms in the form of lethargy, rapid exhaustion. Due to severe electrolyte disorders, the patient was observed in the intensive care unit. Due to the development of mechanical jaundice, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with papillosphincterotomy was performed. Based on hypercalcemia, elevated parathyroid hormone levels, and visualization of parathyroid gland formation, the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was established based on ultrasound data. An adenomectomy of the left lower parathyroid gland was performed. in the surgical department. The patient was discharged with positive dynamics in the form of improvement in General health, cessation of pain, regress of vomiting, expansion of motor activity. Betimes diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism, on the example of the described case, leads to complete relief of symptoms and improvement of the quality of life of patients.

DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF POISONING WITH THALLIUM

2018 ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Zavaliy ◽  
A. Yu. Simonova ◽  
M. M. Potskhveriya ◽  
Yu. N. Ostapenko ◽  
M. G. Gadzhieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Media ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanisms ◽  
Thallium Poisoning ◽  
The World

Cases of thallium poisonings are regularly reported in media. In the present work, the world experience in diagnostics and treatment of victims with thallium poisoning has been compiled and summarized, search for clinical guidelines for the diagnostics, treatment and rehabilitation of patients has been carried out. The toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics, as well as pathophysiological mechanisms of thallium influence on the body are described in detail. Toxic and lethal concentrations of poison in biological media, as well as its tropicity to various tissues and body systems were determined. The clinical picture depending on the timing of poisoning and the dose of poison is described in detail. Difficulties of the differential diagnosis are defined. The most interesting cases of criminal and household poisonings with various terms of establishment of the diagnosis, doses of poisoning and outcomes are presented.

scholarly journals Metastatic Melanoma Presenting as Intussusception in an 80-Year-Old Man: A Case Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Alghamdi ◽  
Yumna Omarzai
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Neoplastic Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uncommon Neoplasm

Malignant melanoma of the gastrointestinal tract is an uncommon neoplasm that could be primary or metastatic. Small intestine represents the most common site for the metastatic melanoma; however, it could be found anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract. Intussusception is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction in adults compared to children. In 90% of the cases, the underlying cause can be found, and in 65% of the cases, intussusception is caused by the neoplastic process. The majority of the neoplasms are benign, and about 15% are malignant. Metastatic melanoma is one of the most common metastatic malignancies to the gastrointestinal tract; however, the premortem diagnosis is rarely made. Here, we report an uncommon clinical presentation of metastatic melanoma causing intussusception in an 80-year-old man. This diagnosis should be considered in a differential diagnosis in any patient who presents with gastrointestinal symptoms and a history of melanoma.

Congenital optic disc coloboma

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
A.O. Nazarenko ◽  
◽  
E.E. Sidorenko ◽  
D.V. Miguel ◽  
A.S. Smartsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Charge Syndrome ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Optic Nerve Atrophy ◽  
Optic Disc Coloboma ◽  
Optic Nerve Coloboma

A clinical case of observation of a 3-year-old child with a newly diagnosed optic nerve coloboma and multiple malformations is considered. The clinical picture and diagnostic methods necessary for the diagnosis are reflected. On the example of this child, the differential diagnosis with Charge syndrome is considered. Key words: coloboma, optic nerve coloboma, partial optic nerve atrophy, astigmatism, Charge syndrome.

Apnea as a Presenting Sign of Hydrocephalus

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-589
Author(s):  
Jim Nitahara ◽  
Allen J. Dozor ◽  
Scott A. Schroeder ◽  
Stephanie Rifkinson-Mann
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Healthy Infant ◽  
Birth History ◽  
Normal Birth

The differential diagnosis for apnea in newborns and infants is extensive and includes, but is not limited to, central nervous, gastrointestinal, metabolic, and respiratory system disorders.1 Frequently no cause is found for the apnea. We present a case in which an unusual cause was found and only after many months. CASE REPORT S. K. was a healthy infant with a normal birth history and no significant problems until the age of 13 months when, while playing with his mother, he suddenly collapsed, becoming apneic and cyanotic. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was administered for 10 minutes before the child began to breathe spontaneously.

Cardiomyopathies in the clinical picture of emergency cardiology

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
I. A. Latfullin ◽  
O. V. Bogoyavlenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Transesophageal Echocardiography ◽  
Clinical Picture

The peculiarities of the clinical picture and diagnosis of uncoronarogenic lesions of the myocardium in a period of 5 years are studied. The differential diagnosis of cardiomyopathies and myocardial dystrophies is performed, emphasizing the informativity of contrast and transesophageal echocardiography. Registration of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic data allows to choose among patients the persons demanding the expanding cardiologic examination that provides early diagnosis of latent forms of cardiomyopathies.

scholarly journals Meckel’s diverticulum and bowel obstruction due to phytobezoar: a case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Gasparella ◽  
Maurizio Marzaro ◽  
Mario Ferro ◽  
Carlo Benetton ◽  
Vittorina Ghirardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties

Meckel’s diverticulum is a common anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. The most common complications of Meckel’s diverticulum are inflammation, bleeding and obstruction. We present a 12-year-old boy with bowel obstruction due to phytobezoar in a Meckel’s diverticulum. We describe diagnostic difficulties and our surgery approach comparing it to the literature.

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