scholarly journals Comparison of the accuracy of resting metabolic rate in children with simple obesity using calculation formulas and indirect respiratory calorimetry

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Pavel L. Okorokov ◽  
Olga V. Vasyukova ◽  
Tatiana Y. Shiryaeva
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Accurate Result ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Labor Intensity ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Simple Obesity

BACKGROUND: A prerequisite for planning a diet for weight loss in obese children is to determine the level of resting metabolic rate (RMR). The gold standard for estimating the daily energy consumption of rest is indirect respiratory calorimetry. However, given its high cost and labor intensity, various calculation formulas are widely used in clinical practice. AIMS: to determine the accuracy of resting metabolic rate estimated by calculation formulas and indirect respiratory calorimetry in children with simple obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 100 children aged 9 to 18 years, with a simple constitutional-exogenous obesity, which assessed the resting metabolic rate estimated by calculation formulas and indirect respiratory calorimetry. RESULTS: The Molnar formula most accurately estimates resting metabolic rate, comparable to the results of indirect respiratory calorimetry in 64% of cases. The Harris-Benedict and IOM formulas yield an accurate result in 53 and 51% of the cases, respectively. The least accurate result is shown by WHO formula (22%). The minimum mean difference between the calculated and actual basal metabolic rate in obese boys for the Molnar formula is 18 kcal (CI: -53 to 90, 95% LOA from -490 to 527), in girls: -0.7 kcal (CI) : -65 - 63, 95% LOA from -435 to 434). Attention is drawn to the large mean difference and wide spread of the boundaries of the agreement of the studied indicators in obese children. In the evaluation, depending on the degree of obesity, it is shown that the formula Molnar has the highest accuracy, however, in children with morbid obesity, the accuracy of the evaluation is significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Indirect respiratory calorimetry is the preferred method of assessing resting metabolic rate in children with simple obesity.

scholarly journals The role of indirect calorimetry in assessing of resting metabolic rate in obese children

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel L. Okorokov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Basal Metabolism ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Daily Energy

Basal metabolism accounts for more than half of daily energy expenditure and characterizes energy expenditure necessary to maintain the vital body functions at rest. The lean body mass makes the greatest contribution to the formation of basal metabolism. The «gold standard» for assessing basal metabolism is indirect respiratory calorimetry. This technique also evaluates, apart from basal metabolism, the rate of macronutrient oxidation, which is an important component of a personalized diet. In clinical practice, formulas for calculating basal metabolism are widely used, but their accuracy in children should be verified. Indirect calorimetry is characterized by a high variability of the measured parameters, which is related to the experimental peculiarities. This review briefly describes the main techniques for assessing basal metabolism and the methodology of indirect respiratory calorimetry in adults and its use in the child population. Also, we provide the literature data on the accuracy of assessing basal metabolism in obese children based on the most commonly used calculation formulas. Investigation of the energy metabolism features is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms of obesity pathogenesis and develop new techniques for its prevention and treatment.

scholarly journals Resting metabolic rate is associated with hunger, self-determined meal size, and daily energy intake and may represent a marker for appetite

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillipa Caudwell ◽  
Graham Finlayson ◽  
Catherine Gibbons ◽  
Mark Hopkins ◽  
Neil King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Meal Size ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Daily Energy

scholarly journals Context-dependent correlation between resting metabolic rate and daily energy expenditure in wild chipmunks

2012 ◽  
Vol 216 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Careau ◽  
D. Reale ◽  
D. Garant ◽  
F. Pelletier ◽  
J. R. Speakman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Dependent Correlation

scholarly journals Effects of different types of training on weight loss

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 272-279
Author(s):  
Danijel Slavic ◽  
Dea Karaba-Jakovljevic ◽  
Andrea Zubnar ◽  
Borislav Tapavicki ◽  
Tijana Aleksandric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Different Types

Introduction. The difference between 24-hour daily energy intake and total daily energy expenditure determines whether we lose or gain weight. The resting metabolic rate is the major component of daily energy expenditure, which depends on many different factors, but also on the level of physical activity. The aim of the study was to determine anthropometric and metabolic parameters of athletes engaged in different types of training, to compare obtained results and to examine whether there are statistically significant differences among them. Material and Methods. The study included a total of 42 young male athletes divided into two groups. The first group included 21 athletes who were predominantly engaged in aerobic type of training, and the other group of 21 athletes in anaerobic type of training. Anthropometric measurements were taken and resting metabolic rate was assessed using the indirect calorimetry method. The results were statistically analyzed and the differences in parameters between the two groups were compared. Results. Statistically significant differences were established in total body mass, amount of fat-free mass and muscle mass, body mass index, as well as in the relative metabolic indices between two groups of subjects. Conclusion. The percentage of fat-free body mass has the greatest impact on the resting metabolic rate. The rate of metabolic activity of this body compartment is higher in athletes engaged in aerobic than in athletes engaged in anaerobic type of training.

scholarly journals The Allometric Relationship between Resting Metabolic Rate and Body Mass in Wild Waterfowl (Anatidae) and an Application to Estimation of Winter Habitat Requirements

The Condor ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Miller ◽  
John McA. Eadie
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Allometric Relationship ◽  
Daily Cycle ◽  
Winter Habitat ◽  
Wintering Waterfowl ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Wild Waterfowl

AbstractWe examined the allometric relationship between resting metabolic rate (RMR; kJ day−1) and body mass (kg) in wild waterfowl (Anatidae) by regressing RMR on body mass using species means from data obtained from published literature (18 sources, 54 measurements, 24 species; all data from captive birds). There was no significant difference among measurements from the rest (night; n = 37), active (day; n = 14), and unspecified (n = 3) phases of the daily cycle (P > 0.10), and we pooled these measurements for analysis. The resulting power function (aMassb) for all waterfowl (swans, geese, and ducks) had an exponent (b; slope of the regression) of 0.74, indistinguishable from that determined with commonly used general equations for nonpasserine birds (0.72–0.73). In contrast, the mass proportionality coefficient (b; y-intercept at mass = 1 kg) of 422 exceeded that obtained from the nonpasserine equations by 29%–37%. Analyses using independent contrasts correcting for phylogeny did not substantially alter the equation. Our results suggest the waterfowl equation provides a more appropriate estimate of RMR for bioenergetics analyses of waterfowl than do the general nonpasserine equations. When adjusted with a multiple to account for energy costs of free living, the waterfowl equation better estimates daily energy expenditure. Using this equation, we estimated that the extent of wetland habitat required to support wintering waterfowl populations could be 37%–50% higher than previously predicted using general nonpasserine equations.

scholarly journals Physical activity and resting metabolic rate

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 621-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Speakman ◽  
Colin Selman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Daily Energy

The direct effects of physical activity interventions on energy expenditure are relatively small when placed in the context of total daily energy demands. Hence, the suggestion has been made that exercise produces energetic benefits in other components of the daily energy budget, thus generating a net effect on energy balance much greater than the direct energy cost of the exercise alone. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is the largest component of the daily energy budget in most human societies and, therefore, any increases in RMR in response to exercise interventions are potentially of great importance. Animal studies have generally shown that single exercise events and longer-term training produce increases in RMR. This effect is observed in longer-term interventions despite parallel decreases in body mass and fat mass. Flight is an exception, as both single flights and long-term flight training induce reductions in RMR. Studies in animals that measure the effect of voluntary exercise regimens on RMR are less commonly performed and do not show the same response as that to forced exercise. In particular, they indicate that exercise does not induce elevations in RMR. Many studies of human subjects indicate a short-term elevation in RMR in response to single exercise events (generally termed the excess post-exercise O2 consumption; EPOC). This EPOC appears to have two phases, one lasting 2 h and a smaller much more prolonged effect lasting up to 48 h. Many studies have shown that long-term training increases RMR, but many other studies have failed to find such effects. Data concerning long-term effects of training are potentially confounded by some studies not leaving sufficient time after the last exercise bout for the termination of the long-term EPOC. Long-term effects of training include increases in RMR due to increases in lean muscle mass. Extreme interventions, however, may induce reductions in RMR, in spite of the increased lean tissue mass, similar to the changes observed in animals in response to flight.

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