scholarly journals On the 100th anniversary of academician Y.H. Turakulov

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-352
Author(s):  
Alexander Alexandrovich Chernikov ◽  
Igor Alexandrovich Sklyanik ◽  
Marina Vladimirovna Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
World Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
Medical Researcher ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Uzbekistan Academy ◽  
Regional Institute

Yalkin Halmatovich Turakulov is an internationally known medical researcher whose name is firmly engrained into the history of national endocrinology. He headed the Pharmaceutical Medical Institute, Tashkent Medical Institute, Regional Institute of Medicine, Institute of Nuclear Physics of Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and others institutions various times and was involved in the establishment of many of them. He was a teacher to many doctors and scientists. This article presents his biography and describes his impact on national and world science.

М.В. KROL: SCIENTIST OF THE NON EMPIRICAL ERA

2021 ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Yu.G. Degtyarev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
State University ◽  
State Medical Institute ◽  
History Of ◽  
Effective Manager ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In 2021, BSU celebrates its 100th anniversary, the flagship of the country's higher education, which is the source of medical education in Belarus. One of the founders of the Faculty of Medicine of the Belarusian State University and the Belarusian State Medical Institute was M. B. Krol - Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the BSSR, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Honored Scientist of the BSSR, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor. In the memory of posterity, he remained not only as a scientist, clinician, but above all as a teacher, an effective manager of medical education. M. B. Krol is a complex and controversial figure in the national healthcare, whose years of vigorous activity coincided with a tragic and turning point in the history of the state. M. B. Krol was educated in the Russian Empire, he knew the organization of the scientific and medical process abroad. It was difficult for the scientist to accept the realities of the transitional revolutionary period, when established social values are changing. M. B. Krol was effectively integrated into the scientific and practical health care system of the USSR and left behind a significant legacy: the Belarusian State Medical Institute, the Department of Nervous Diseases. Scientific data, methods of treatment are undergoing changes and are subject to progress, but as a teacher and organizer of medical education, M. B. Krol looked far ahead and admired the understanding of the problems and the foresight of the situation, identified by M. B. Croll 100 years ago, which are still relevant and have not been fully resolved.

scholarly journals Academician G. K. Boreskov: Catalysis as Destiny

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-276
Author(s):  
Natalia Kupershtokh
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Main Role ◽  
World Science ◽  
Successful Solution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article is a biographical outline of the life and achivements of an outstanding chemist Georgy Konstantinovich Boreskov (1907–1984). G. K. Boreskov entered the history of domestic and world science as an outstanding scientist, engineer and teacher. The bright life of the scientist-chemist Boreskov was devoted to the study of catalysis and the closely related problems of chemical kinetics and chemical technology. In his work, fundamental research on catalysis as an interesting chemical phenomenon were harmoniously combined with the successful solution of the most important problems of the chemical industry. With the development of a new catalyst for one of the main industrial processes – the production of sulfuric acid – that G. K. Boreskov began his career in science. Thanks to the introduction of technologies based on his developments, a real breakthrough occurred in some areas of industrial production related to catalysis. In Novosibirsk, Academician Boreskov played the main role in the creation of the country’s first Institute of Catalysis of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, which now bears his name. No less important is the merit of Academician Boreskov as the founder of the scientific school in the field of heterogeneous catalysis.

scholarly journals Scientific Conference in Memory of Gyula Hajnóczi •

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
János Krähling
Keyword(s):  
Hungarian Academy ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Standing Committee ◽  
Historic Building ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The Department of History of Architecture and Monument Preservation of the Faculty of Architecture of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics and the Standing Committee on the History and Theory of Architecture and Monument Preservation of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences organized an online scientific conference on 12th November 2020, in memory of Gyula Hajnóczi, a recognized and highly respected professor of the department of architecture on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth, entitled “Scientific Conference in Memory of Gyula Hajnóczi (Conference of Architectural Historians and Historic Building Researchers III)”. This paper intends to introduce this special issue of the journal with the summary of the conference.A Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem Építészmérnöki Kar Építészettörténeti és Műemléki Tanszéke, a Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Építészettörténeti, Építészetelméleti és Műemléki Állandó Bizottsága részvételével Hajnóczi Gyula, a tanszék ismert, elismert és nagy tekintélyű egykori professzora tiszteletére, születésének 100. évfordulója alkalmából „Tudományos Konferencia Hajnóczi Gyula Emlékére (Építészettörténészek és Műemlékkutatók Konferenciája III.)” címmel 2020. november 12-én online tudományos konferenciát szervezett. Az írás röviden bevezeti e folyóirat különszámát.

scholarly journals The phenomenon of Theodosius Dobrzhansky: to the 100th anniversary of the beginning of his scientific research in Kyiv (1921–1924)

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
Igor V. Zagorodniuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ukrainian Academy ◽  
The United States ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Zoological Museum ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Successful Work ◽  
Social Difficulties ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The results of the research on the history of formation and growth of Theodosius Dobrzhansky as a scientist in his first and most important Kyiv period are presented. This period lasted from 1909 to 1924 (15 years in total) and included studies at the First Kyiv Gymnasium (until 1917), 4 years of study at the University of St. Volodymyr (1917–1921) and work at the Department of Zoology of the Kyiv Polytechnical Institute (1920–1923) and the Zoological Museum of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (1921–1922 [1923?]). The essay has been prepared considering numerous clarifications on misbeliefs accumulated in various sources, in particular on dates, places of residence and work, names of institutions, organisations, etc. Peculiarities of his work and activity in the Ukrainian Scientific Society, in the Department of Zoology of Kyiv Polytechnic, and in the Zoological Museum (Zoological Cabinet) of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences are analysed. Information on places of study and work, topics of scientific publications and reports, information on created collections and circles of communication is given. The motives for further change of place of work and departure of the scientist to St. Petersburg, where he spent the next 4 years, and to the United States are considered. The Kyiv period is considered being key for the formation of the scientist and his main scientific interests, as well as for the practice of communication with leading experts in their field and for the organisation of successful work despite social difficulties and upheaval.

scholarly journals Orest A. Scarlato – scientist and organizer of science: on the 100th anniversary of his birth (1920–1994)

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 111-132
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Ussr Academy ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Zoological Institute ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Organizational Work ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

В статье описана биография, научная и научно-организационная работа академика Ореста Александровича Скарлато (1920–1994) – зоолога и гидробиолога, специалиста по двустворчатым моллюскам, с 1975 по 1994 гг. возглавлявшего Зоологический институт АН СССР/РАН. Ключевые слова: О.А. Скарлато, биография, история малакологии. The article describes the biography, scientific and scientific-organizational work of the Academician Orest Alexandrovich Scarlato (1920–1994), zoologist and hydrobiologist, specialist in bivalves, who headed the Zoological Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences/Russian Academy of Sciences from 1975 to 1994. Key words: O.A. Scarlato, biography, history of malacology.

scholarly journals Nobel Prize Level Scientific Discoveries of a Heir of Zaporizhian Cossacks

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
F. V. Motsnyi
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Characteristic Temperature ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
Honorary Doctor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In this work, three fundamental discoveries of the Ukraine-born Prof. George A. Gamow are presented from a single scientific and methodological point of view. Each of them is truly worth of the Nobel Prize – the most prestigious recognition of achievements of a scientist. We trace the emergence of G. Gamow as one of the most outstanding scientists of the twentieth century – encyclopaedist, theoretical physicist by heart, astrophysicist and biophysicist, talented and brilliant popularizer of science, whose works are readable in one go, as well as the author of unforgettable pranks and jokes. Gamow was a Fellow of the Danish Royal Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the International Astronomical Union, the American Physical Society, an honorary doctor of countless universities. Although his name is little known in Ukraine, the history of science would be incomplete without him. From an early age G. Gamow has shown a great interest in scientific research, using a microscope to look for erythrocytes and a telescope to observe the Halley comet. He graduated from the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Leningrad State University, where he followed classes of Professor O. Friedman, founder of the evolutionary cosmology. He has undergone training at the University of Goettingen, the center of theoretical physics at the time, worked for Nobel Prize winners Professors E. Rutherford and N. Bohr. At the age of 28, G. Gamow, by the recommendation of academician V. Vernadskyi, became the member of the Academy of Sciences of USSR, the youngest member in the entire history of its existence. Throughout his life, G. Gamow was interested in the fundamental scientific problems and made numerous world-class discoveries that are written by golden letters in the treasury of the human civilization. He has found explanation to the E. Rutherford’s experiments with alpha particles (tunnelling effect); introduced the empirical formula of Geiger – Nettoll, connecting the energy of alpha particles to the half-life of radioactive nuclei. G. Gamow is one of the pioneers of the liquid-drop model of a nucleus, and the application of nuclear physics to the evolution of stars. He proposed a fantastic hypothesis about the early universe, suggesting it being not only super dense but also very hot. He also built the Big Bang theory, which led to the existence of relic radiation (space microwave background) with the characteristic temperature of 5–7 degrees above the absolute zero, detected by methods of radio astronomy. He proposed a triplet model of the genetic code - the alphabet of life with three-letter words, experimentally proven by X-ray structural studies of DNA and empirically established rules of E. Chargaff. These discoveries have greatly contributed not only to the development of the modern science, but to the industrial and economic expansion of humanity.

scholarly journals Surgeon, citizen, teacher (to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Professor I.S. Nikolaev)

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
A G Naumov ◽  
A S Shprykov ◽  
D A Sutyagina ◽  
E R Kryukov ◽  
P A Bochkarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Medical Society ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Medical Work ◽  
Vladimir Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
Medical University

The article provides information about a prominent Nizhny Novgorod surgeon, the first head of the tuberculosis department of the Gorky Medical Institute named after S.M. Kirov (now Privolzhsky Research Medical University) Ivan Semenovich Nikolaev. Ivan Semyonovich Nikolaev went through the horrors of the Great Patriotic War, worked with prominent doctors of his time (L.V. Bogush, B.A. Korolev, S.S. Yudin), achieved unprecedented success in the surgical treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, received the degree of Doctor of Medical Sciences after defending the candidate's thesis (for the first time in the history of the Gorky Medical Institute named after S.M. Kirov) due to the uniqueness and fundamental nature of the scientific materials presented. Professor Ivan Semyonovich Nikolaev successfully combined pedagogical, scientific and medical work with great organizational and social work. For many years, I.S. Nikolaev was a member of the board of the All-Union and All-Russian Society of Phthisiologists, for more than 20 years he was the Chairman of the Board of the Gorky Scientific Medical Society of Phthisiologists, a member of the editorial board of the journal Problems of Tuberculosis. Many times Ivan Semyonovich Nikolaev represented the Nizhny Novgorod phthisiology and medical institute at the All-Union and All-Russian congresses and conferences of phthisiologists was a member of their presidiums. In 1988, Ivan Semyonovich Nikolaev, due to his age, left the position of head of the tuberculosis department and worked as a consultant professor for several years, and then retired. In recent years, he lived in his native village Paustovo (Vyaznikovsky district, Vladimir region). In 1999, Ivan Semyonovich died.

scholarly journals Pages of the History of Russian Medicine: Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Alexey Petrovich Golikov – Doctor, Scientist, Citizen (to the 100th Anniversary of His Birth)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 638-641
Author(s):  
S. A. Boytsov ◽  
R. I. Stryuk ◽  
A. A. Golikova ◽  
A. G. Evdokimova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The main stages of the creative path of the scientist with a world-famous, professor, the Honored Worker of Science of the Russian Federation, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Alexey Petrovich Golikov are presented in the article.

THE INFLUENCE OF INDIAN FATWAS ON CENTRAL ASIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-212
Author(s):  
Saidakbar Muhammadaminov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Uzbekistan Academy

This article discusses the impact of Indian fatwas on Central Asia. We reveal this influence in two ways. The first is based on the analysis of copies of manuscripts kept in the manuscript collection of the Institute of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences. The study is based on codicological data, i.e. seals, various notes of personal owners of the manuscript, as well as dates and place of correspondence, the names of the scribe, and a brief account of the history of the Indian fatwa lists. The second one is through Asian manuals (al- Masa'il al-Fikhiya, Jung), preserved in the Institute of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, where Qadiyah used various fatwas, including Indian ones, to make decisions, and to determine the degree of influence by determining the number of quoted decisions in Central Asian fatwas collections.

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