Supporting health literacy and quality use of medicines in Australian CALD (culturally and linguistically diverse) and non-CALD consumers using a multiple methods approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ahsan Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Multiple Methods ◽  
Quality Use Of Medicines

scholarly journals Serving Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Patients in Audiology-Part 2: Promoting Health Literacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 42,43,44
Author(s):  
Laura Gaeta ◽  
KatieM. Colella ◽  
Erica Friedland ◽  
Mary A. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse

Conducting Health Literacy Research on Hard-to-Reach Regional Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Populations: An Evaluation of Recruitment and Retention Methods Before and During COVID-19 (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Perrins ◽  
Tabassum Ferdous ◽  
Dawn Hay ◽  
Bobby Harreveld ◽  
Kerry Reid-Searl
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Initial Data ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Recruitment And Retention ◽  
Collection Phase

BACKGROUND Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) health care consumers residing within Australia are recognized as having low health literacy, leading to increased hospitalizations and poorer health outcomes. CALD populations living within regional Australia have been identified as a disadvantaged group. To understand and address this disadvantage, region-specific studies are required to map healthcare barriers related to geographic location, specific health services, and societal makeup. Despite the need to research the relationship between cultural and linguistic diversity and health literacy, CALD participants are often cited as hard-to-reach or hidden. This paper evaluates the approach used by researchers to attract and retain hard-to-reach CALD research participants for a study investigating health communication barriers between CALD health care users and health care professionals. As this study was taking place in 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent restrictions emerged. Thus, recruitment and retention methods were adapted. This evaluation considers the effectiveness of recruitment and data collection methods used throughout pre-COVID and during-COVID periods. OBJECTIVE This evaluation sought to determine the effectiveness of recruitment and retention efforts of researchers, during a study which targeted regional-dwelling, hard-to-reach CALD participants. METHODS In this paper, recruitment and retention methods have been categorized into five phases: recruitment, pre-intervention data collection, intervention, post-intervention data collection and interviews. To compare the methods used by researchers, recruitment and retention rates have been dissected into pre-COVID and during-COVID periods. Researchers thereafter provide an in-depth reflection of the methods employed within this study. RESULTS This paper provides results relating to participant recruitment and retainment over the course of five research phases which occurred pre- and during-COVID. During the pre-COVID recruitment phase 22 participants were recruited. Of those, 68.2% of participants transitioned to the next phase and completed the initial data collection phase. By contrast, 18 participants completed the during-COVID recruitment phase, with a 72.2% continuance rate. The success rate of the intervention phase in the pre-COVID period was 93.3% versus 84.6% during-COVID. Lastly, 92.9% of participants completed the post-intervention data collection phase pre-COVID, compared with 90.9% during-COVID. Against the intended 30 participants, 40 participants took part in the initial data collection phase, with 23 going on to complete the project in its entirety. CONCLUSIONS The success of this program in recruiting and maintaining hard-to-reach CALD populations was preserved over pre and during-COVID periods. The emergence of COVID during the study period forced researchers to adjust study methods, thereby inadvertently contributing to the recruitment and retention success of the project. The maintenance of participants during this period is also due to flexibility offered by the research program through adoptive methods, such as the use of cultural gatekeepers, increased visibility of CALD researchers, limitation of intervention group size, use of digital platforms and more.

scholarly journals Fitting health care to people: understanding and adapting to the epidemiology and health literacy of people affected by viral hepatitis from culturally and linguistically diverse migrant backgrounds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belaynew W Taye ◽  
Patricia C Valery ◽  
Burglind Liddle ◽  
Aidan J Woodward ◽  
Donata Sackey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Migrant Communities

Abstract Background This study explored the epidemiology and health literacy of people affected by viral hepatitis (VH) from migrant culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds attending a community-based general practitioner and specialty hepatology shared-care (HEPREACH) clinic in Brisbane, Australia.Methods Self-reported data on health literacy and clinical information from adult patients (n=66) of CALD background recruited from the liver clinic were analyzed. Health literacy was assessed using a 5-question, 12-point scale. Variance weighted multiple linear regression was used to identify factors associated with knowledge about VH.Results About three-quarters of patients (74.2%) were diagnosed with hepatitis B. The median knowledge score was 7.8 (interquartile range(IQR) 6‒9). One in five patients did not understand the infective nature of VH, 30.3% did not understand mother-to-child transmission risk, and 30%‒40% of patients thought activities such as kissing, sharing food or mosquito bites could spread VH. Only 6% of patients understood the risk of liver cancer and the need for regular screening. Higher educational level (secondary, β=4.8, p<0.0001 or tertiary, β=8.1, p<0.0001 vs. primary) was associated with better knowledge, and transition through a refugee camp (vs. not, β= -1.2, p=0.028) and country of diagnosis (overseas vs. Australia, β=-1.9, p=0.016) were associated with poorer knowledge. Discussion Country of origin, refugee status and opportunities for tertiary education impact patients’ understanding of VH. Ensuring delivery of culturally appropriate care and education is critical to improve knowledge, reduce misconceptions to improve care and outcomes for viral hepatitis in CALD migrant communities.

Implications for GP endorsement of a diabetes app with patients from culturally diverse backgrounds: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Julie Ayre ◽  
Carissa Bonner ◽  
Sian Bramwell ◽  
Sharon McClelland ◽  
Rajini Jayaballa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds

Although many diabetes self-management apps exist, these are not tailored for people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. This study aimed to explore GP perceptions of how diabetes app features could help GPs better support their patients from CALD backgrounds. Twenty-five semi-structured interviews with GPs in Western Sydney explored attitudes towards a proposed app’s suitability for CALD patients. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and coded using Framework Analysis. Theme 1 explored the implications of perceptions that patients’ health literacy is dependent on the language used. Theme 2 explored the influence of messaging from sources that share the patient’s language and culture (including misinformation from community sources). Theme 3 described the suitability of the app platform for CALD patients, and its potential challenges in this group. GPs perceived that a diabetes app could be useful for providing support to patients from CALD backgrounds. Findings suggest app features should be optimised to address existing challenges that GPs face and carefully consider strategies for recruiting CALD patients. It is important that GPs feel comfortable promoting an app to their CALD patients to help increase participation rates by people in the CALD community.

scholarly journals Participatory Research Methods for Investigating Digital Health Literacy in Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth N A De Souza ◽  
Danny Butt ◽  
Suneel Jethani ◽  
Chris Marmo
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Cultural Safety ◽  
Consumer Participation ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Marginalised Groups ◽  
Participatory Research Methods

Digital technologies and pre/peri-natal apps are transforming maternity care as women use consumer-oriented communications technologies to obtain information and support. These technologies have introduced a new set of politics into health communication, as information asymmetries embedded into apps and their platforms disrupt traditional concepts of health literacy and consumer participation that have been key concepts in community health advocacy. The development of cultural safety and cultural competence has been one impetus for health professionals to adapt their models of care to address information and support gaps for service users from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds, by asking clinicians to address the operations of power at work in their cultural norms of practice. However, consumer apps appropriate the cultural interface that has historically been managed by clinicians, raising questions about how participatory these technologies can be for women from marginalised groups. Given the black-boxed nature of many health technologies that by design do not enable adequate description by end users, new modes of research are necessary to both stimulate dialogue on health literacy and health participation as a part of a discovery process around CALD women’s experiences and perceptions.

Improving health literacy about dementia among older Chinese and Vietnamese Australians

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty Haralambous ◽  
Paulene Mackell ◽  
Xiaoping Lin ◽  
Marcia Fearn ◽  
Briony Dow
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Older People ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Service System ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Exchange Model ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Older Chinese

The number of older people in the population is increasing faster than for any other age group. This population growth, while positive, is associated with increasing incidence of chronic and progressive diseases such as dementia. This requires older people to navigate services that may not be designed to meet their needs. This issue can be further amplified in culturally and linguistically diverse populations who often have limited English language proficiency and limited knowledge of diseases such as dementia. Health literacy, a person’s ability to access, understand, appraise and apply information about their health and health care, including navigating health services, is low among older people and even lower among older people born overseas. This paper describes findings from a recent research study which developed and used the Cultural Exchange Model. The model is based on a process of collaboration, whereby researchers, service providers and community members work together to build evidence about a particular topic, in this case dementia. The study demonstrated that the Cultural Exchange Model facilitates opportunities for researchers, health professionals, community workers and carers to improve their knowledge of conditions such as dementia and rapidly translate evidence into practice. It also showed that it is possible to recruit, engage and generate new knowledge within populations that are traditionally excluded from research but have high prevalence of dementia. This study shows health literacy is an evolving process. Access to ongoing education for professionals, not only of the clinical condition and the service system, but also the cultural elements of the communities they are working with, requires consideration. What is known about the topic? We know there is limited health literacy among older people and among older people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. We also know that the older CALD population is increasing rapidly and with that comes increased chronic illness and chronic diseases, including mental health issues and dementia. What does this paper add? This case study has added to the knowledge base in relation to health literacy and older people from CALD backgrounds. The use of the Cultural Exchange Model is documented in terms of how it enhances our improved understanding of both the barriers and enablers older Chinese and Vietnamese people with dementia face when seeking help. This paper highlights key findings from a study, which could be used by researchers and practitioners when working with older people from CALD backgrounds more broadly. What are the implications for practitioners? This paper highlights findings from research that has reinforced that health literacy is an evolving process. It requires professionals to recognise the gaps in their own understanding of conditions such as dementia and understand how these gaps might influence help-seeking behaviours of older people and their carers. Access to ongoing education of clinical conditions and the service system is required, but also the cultural elements of the communities they are working with should be considered.

Health professionals' views on health literacy issues for culturally and linguistically diverse women in maternity care: barriers, enablers and the need for an integrated approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo-anne Hughson ◽  
Fiona Marshall ◽  
Justin Oliver Daly ◽  
Robyn Woodward-Kron ◽  
John Hajek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Maternity Care ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Health Practitioner ◽  
Low Health Literacy ◽  
Education Interventions

Objective To identify health literacy issues when providing maternity care to culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) women, and the strategies needed for health professionals to collaboratively address these issues. Methods A qualitative case study design was undertaken at one large metropolitan Australian hospital serving a highly CALD population. Semistructured interviews were conducted with a range of maternity healthcare staff. The data were analysed thematically. The study is informed by a framework of cultural competence education interventions for health professionals and a health literacy framework. Results Eighteen clinicians participated in the interviews (seven midwives, five obstetricians, five physiotherapists, one social worker, and one occupational therapist). Emergent themes of health literacy-related issues were: patient-based factors (communication and cultural barriers, access issues); provider-based factors (time constraints, interpreter issues); and enablers (cultural awareness among staff, technology). Conclusions There are significant health literacy and systemic issues affecting the hospital’s provision of maternity care for CALD women. These findings, mapped onto the four domains of cultural competence education interventions will inform a technology-delivered health literacy intervention for CALD maternity patients. This approach may be applied to other culturally diverse healthcare settings to foster patient health literacy. What is known about the topic? There are health inequities for pregnant women of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. Low health literacy compounded by language and cultural factors contribute to these inequities and access to interpreters in pregnancy care remains an ongoing issue. Pregnancy smart phone applications are a popular source of health information for pregnant women yet these apps are not tailored for CALD women nor are they part of a regulated industry. What does this paper add? This paper provides clinician and language service staff perspectives on key health literacy issues that are both patient-based and provider-based. This research confirms that the complex interplay of social and practical factors contributes to and perpetuates low health literacy, creating barriers to health access; it also highlights several enablers for increasing CALD health literacy and access. These include greater health practitioner awareness and accommodation of CALD women’s needs and the provision of culturally and linguistically appropriate eHealth resources. What are the implications for practitioners? eHealth resources are emerging as valuable enabling tools to address the health literacy and information needs of pregnant women. However, these resources need to be used adjunctively with health practitioner communication. Both resource developers and health practitioners need to understand issues affecting CALD patients and their needs. Developers need to consider how the resource addresses these needs. Training of health professionals about culture-specific issues may help to enhance communication with, and therefore health literacy among, individual cultural groups. Further, formalised language and interpreting training of bi- or multilingual health professionals is advised to ensure that they are able to interpret to a professional standard when called on to do so.

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