Dentures and socio-economic status in 19th century Brisbane: The denture assemblage from the North Brisbane Burial Grounds

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kate Morris
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The North ◽  
Burial Grounds

scholarly journals Relationship between malaria, anaemia, nutritional and socio-economic status amongst under-ten children, in the North Region of Cameroon: A cross-sectional assessment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e0218442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobelle Sakwe ◽  
Jude Bigoga ◽  
Judith Ngondi ◽  
Boris Njeambosay ◽  
Livo Esemu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The North

scholarly journals Straddling the Boundary: The Case of Mahali Christians in Terms of their Socio-Cultural Adjustment, in Two Mahali Villages in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 227-240
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Sarker ◽  
Bokul Hossain ◽  
Rayhena Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Power Structure ◽  
Cultural Adjustment ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The North ◽  
Traditional Lifestyle ◽  
North Western

In this study we selected a small ethnic group named Mahali living in the villages Pachandar and Mondumala of Barind track at Rajshahi in the north-western part of Bangladesh along with the mainstream individuals. Those two villages are entirely occupied by homogenous people of Mahali who practice their traditional lifestyle accompanied by Christianity. In this context, we have tried to explore the religious syncretism of the Mahali Christians regarding their ethnic background, socio-economic status, power structure and their belief systems. We also identify the process of acculturation that took place among the Mahalis after Christianization and that resulted in a number of social changes through decades, thus turning the Mahali culture into a state of transition. In addition, we have also made some recommendations on this issue based on the findings having from the study

scholarly journals Not quite the same: The social stratification and phonetic conditioning of the foot–strut vowels in Manchester

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIELLE TURTON ◽  
MACIEJ BARANOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
North West ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
Vowel Space ◽  
Age Grading

The foot–strut vowel split, which has its origins in 17th century English, is notable for its absence from the speech of Northerners in England, where stood–stud remain homophones – both are pronounced with the same vowel /ʊ/. The present study analyses the speech of 122 speakers from Manchester in the North West of England. Although the vast majority of speakers exhibit no distinction between the foot and strut lexical sets in minimal-pair production and judgement tests, vowel height is correlated with socio-economic status: the higher the social class, the lower the strut vowel. Surprisingly, statistical models indicate that vowel class is a significant predictor of foot–strut in Manchester. This means that, for a speech community without the split, there remains an effect in the expected direction: strut vowels are lower than foot vowels in the vowel space. We suggest that co-articulatory effects of surrounding consonants explain this instrumental difference, as they have significant lowering/heightening effects on the acoustics but are not fully captured by our statistical model. We argue that the perplexing nature of the historical split can be partially accounted for in this data, as the frequency of co-occurring phonetic environments is notably different in foot than in strut, resulting in cumulative effects of co-articulation. We also present evidence of age grading which suggests that middle class speakers may develop a phonetic distinction as they age.

Women in Malawi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anika Wilson ◽  
Sitinga Kachipande
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

The status, rights, and roles of women in Malawi have been in constant flux since at the least the mid-19th century. In the pre-colonial period, principles of matriliny organized social structures within many communities in Malawi, affording women rights to land, property, products of labor, and children, and influence in group decision-making. The mid-19th century ushered in a period of disturbances and social transformations that led to changes in economic, political, religious, and familial practices. Changes in key institutions impacted women’s access to land and their influence in governance. Women in Malawi were excluded from new commercial and political opportunities as long-distance commerce increased in the region. Increasing commodification of people endangered women within intensified trade and military conflict. Patterns of increasing exclusion and endangerment of women continued beyond the mid-19th century after the slave trade was challenged. In the period immediately preceding colonial rule and also during the colonial period, women actively sought to maintain rights and influence through their involvement in Christian institutions, their appeal to courts, public protests, and through their subversive expression in songs, stories, and possession cults. In post-colonial Malawi, women did not gain the freedom that they had struggled for during the anti-colonial movements. Kamuzu Banda marginalized women from access to power and decision-making. He maintained a paternalistic approach to women’s issues which included controlling every aspect of their lives. The constitution adopted in 1994 with democratic reforms laid a strong foundation for women achieving rights and improving their socio-economic status. However, women still faced obstacles in fully realizing their rights and continued to be marginalized by Banda’s successors. Women’s participation in leadership was limited to showing support for the president. The election of Joyce Banda as the first female president did little to improve the status of women. Backlash against her ascendance to the position eroded women’s access to decision-making posts in the government. In the first two decades of the 21st century, the government of Malawi responded to pressures from women’s rights advocates to legislate against gender-based violence and child marriage. However, there has been little evidence of sustained and coordinated women’s movements and activism aimed at improving women’s socio-economic status. Much of the work women do to improve their position and that of their families and communities takes place on a small scale or involves cooperation with precariously funded nongovernmental organizations and community-based organizations.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Environmental and Socio-Economic Characteristics of Counties with a High Asthma Burden to Focus Asthma Action in Utah

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5251
Author(s):  
Maureen Vowles ◽  
Ruth Kerry ◽  
Ben Ingram ◽  
Linda Mason
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Great Basin ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
The State ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The North

Rising adult asthma prevalence (AAP) rates and asthma emergency room (AER) visits constitute a large burden on public health in Utah (UT), a high-altitude state in the Great Basin Desert, USA. This warrants an investigation of the characteristics of the counties with the highest asthma burden within UT to improve allocation of health resources and for planning. The relations between several predictor environmental, health behavior and socio-economic variables and two health outcome variables, AAP and AER visits, were investigated for UT’s 29 counties. Non-parametric statistical comparison tests, correlation and linear regression analysis were used to determine the factors significantly associated with AER visits and AAP. Regression kriging with Utah small area data (USAD) as well as socio-economic and pollution data enabled local Moran’s I cluster analysis and the investigation of moving correlations between health outcomes and risk factors. Results showed the importance of desert/mining dust and socio-economic status as AAP and AER visits were greatest in the south of the state, highlighting a marked north–south divide in terms of these factors within the state. USAD investigations also showed marked differences in pollution and socio-economic status associated with AAP within the most populous northern counties. Policies and interventions need to address socio-economic inequalities within counties and between the north and south of the state. Fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM10) particulate matter monitors should be installed in towns in central and southern UT to monitor air quality as these are sparse, but in the summer, air quality can be worse here. Further research into spatiotemporal variation in air quality within UT is needed to inform public health interventions such as expanding clean fuel programs and targeted land-use policies. Efforts are also needed to examine barriers to routine asthma care.

The socio-demographic and clinical profiles of patients admitted to the Sligo District Lunatic Asylum in the late 19th century with some modern comparisons

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
D. Walsh ◽  
A. Daly
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
National Archive ◽  
Lunatic Asylum ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Admission Process ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Clinical Profiles

PurposeThe purpose of this paper has been to identify and describe the demographic, social and clinical characteristics of persons admitted to an Irish district lunatic asylum in the late 19th century as exemplified by the records of the Sligo District Lunatic Asylum. Some 21st century comparisons and epidemiological considerations from the same catchment area have been attempted.MethodThe register entries and case books of a series of consecutive admissions to Sligo District Asylum during the decade 1892–1901 were surveyed in the Irish National Archive.ConclusionsMost admitted patients were of lower socio-economic status, the majority male, poorly literate, unmarried and described as suffering from mania or melancholia. Most were first admissions. The predominant (62.5%) reason given for admission was for assault or threat of assault. These admissions were by order of the Lord Lieutenant as ‘dangerous lunatics’. Although it may be maintained that this admission process was a device of social convenience to maintain the peace and integrity of local communities and the convenience of families, clinical information indicates that the majority of admissions had symptoms of mental disorder recognisable in terms of 21st century psychiatric diagnostics.

scholarly journals Longitudinal influences of socio-economic status on visual-motor integration: The North-West Child Health, Integrated with Learning and Development study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dané Coetzee ◽  
Anita E. Pienaar ◽  
Yolanda Van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
North West ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Visual Motor Integration ◽  
The North ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
Visual Motor

Background: Visual motor integration plays an important role in academic skills of learners in the early school years and can have an impact on their overall academic performance.Aim: This study aimed to determine the influence of socio-economic status (SES) on changes in visual-motor integration, visual perception and motor coordination over a period of three years.Setting: Four school districts in the North West province of South Africa were used.Methods: Five hundred and seventy-three learners (282 boys, 291 girls) were randomly selected (representing different SES schools) and evaluated at baseline during 2010 when they were in Grade 1 (6.9 years ±0.38) and again three years later in 2013 (9.9 years ±0.42) as part of a longitudinal research study. The Beery Visual-Motor Integration Test 4th edition was used to evaluate the visual-motor integration, visual perception and motor coordination skills at baseline and three years later.Results: Baseline measurements were higher among high SES learners in all three skills. Although learners from high SES still outperformed the learners from low SES three years later, low SES learners showed statistically significant improvements over the three years in visual-motor integration (88.24 to 89.85, p=0.041) and visual perception (89.69 to 90.04, p≤0.001).Conclusion: Age-related development and improvement of the visual-motor integration skills were reported over the three year period. However, more learners from the low SES still showed delays in these skills. Delays in the development of these skills could contribute to poorer academic and learning-related achievements.

Oral Language Behavior of Older Cerebral Palsied Children

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell J. Love
Keyword(s):  
Oral Language ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Language Behavior ◽  
Hearing Acuity

A battery of six tests assessing various aspects of receptive and expressive oral language was administered to 27 cerebral palsied children and controls matched on the variables of age, intelligence, sex, race, hearing acuity, socio-economic status, and similarity of educational background. Results indicated only minimal differences between groups. Signs of deviancy in language behavior often attributed to the cerebral palsied were not observed. Although previous investigators have suggested consistent language disturbances in the cerebral palsied, evidence for a disorder of comprehension and formulation of oral symobls was not found.

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