Bacteriological Profile and Antibiogram of Acute Dacryocystitis in a Rural Tertiary Healthcare Centre, Maharashtra, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (29) ◽  
pp. 2208-2211
Author(s):  
Anjali D. Patil ◽  
Deepak S. Patil ◽  
Anjali R. Shinde ◽  
Ravindra V. Shinde ◽  
Sandeep B. Shinde
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Healthcare Centre ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Bacterial Aetiology ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare

BACKGROUND Dacryocystitis is one of the most frequent diseases of the efferent lacrimal system. It is the infection or inflammation of the lacrimal sac. This is usually because of nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Acute dacryocystitis can cause severe morbidity and rarely mortality in patients. This study wanted to identify the aerobic bacterial aetiology, and demonstrate the antibiogram of bacterial isolates of acute dacryocystitis. METHODS A retrospective record-based study was conducted in Rural Tertiary Healthcare Centre. Clinical Data of 89 patients was collected from medical records of 2014 to 2018 documents. Data of bacterial isolates and their antibiogram were retrieved from records in the Department of Microbiology. RESULTS The most common aerobic Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (29.8 %) and Coagulase Negative staphylococcus (23.3 %). The most common Gramnegative bacteria were pseudomonas spp. (19.4 %) and klebsiella spp. (12.9 %). CONCLUSIONS The knowledge of bacterial profile in different geographic region, different age group will help to develop and implement treatment protocol. KEY WORDS Acute Dacryocystitis, Bacterial Profile, Antibiogram

scholarly journals Assessment of the Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Wastewater in Health Facilities of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Belayneh Regasa Dadi ◽  
Eyayu Girma ◽  
Mheret Tesfaye ◽  
Mohamed Seid
Keyword(s):  
Health Facility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background. Antimicrobials used for the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections are mainly released nonmetabolized into the aquatic environment via wastewater. Sometimes, unused therapeutic drugs are released down the drains that could act as selective pressure for the development of resistance. The aim of this study was to assess the bacteriological profile of wastewater in health facilities and determine antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 1 to December 26, 2020, in health facility wastewater. A total of 128 samples were collected from health facilities for bacteriological analysis and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Result. A total of 128 samples were processed, and 81 bacterial isolates were recovered. The most common bacterial isolates were S. aureus (16/81 (19.8%)) followed by Klebsiella spp. (15/81 (18.5%)), E. coli (13/81 (16%)), P. aeruginosa (10/81 (12.3%)), Enterobacter spp. (8/81 (9.9%)), Citrobacter spp. (7/81 (8.6%)), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (5/81 (6.2%)), Salmonella spp. (5/81 (6.2%)), and Shigella spp. (2/81 (2.5%)). A majority of isolates were resistant to ampicillin (62/81 (76.5%)). Only few isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (11/81 (13.6%)), chloramphenicol (13/81 (16%)), and kanamycin (8/54 (14.8%)). A majority of bacterial isolates (57/81 (70.4%)) were multidrug resistant (MDR). Conclusion. Wastewater from the health facilities contains antibiotic-resistant including multidrug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, health facility wastewater should be treated by appropriate wastewater treatment before being released into the environment.

scholarly journals Aerobic Bacterial Isolates and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Pus Samples at Tertiary Healthcare Center of Northern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 247-251
Author(s):  
Aditya Rana ◽  
Veehteeanveshna Gupta ◽  
Subhash Chand Jaryal
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare

Introduction: Emerging resistance in microorganisms is a matter of great concern in health care setups. Bacterial isolate and AMR pattern changes from place to place and time to time. Unprofessional use of antibiotics has resulted in an increasing burden of antibiotic resistance. This study focused over the aerobic bacteriological profile and antibiotic resistance pattern in pus isolates. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out from June, 2020 to May 2021. 1174 pus samples collected during the study period were included. The samples were cultured on Blood and MacConkey agar. After aerobic incubation at 37°C for 18-24 hrs, organisms were identified by biochemical reactions, gram staining and antibiotic susceptibility was tested by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Result: Among the total 1174 pus samples, 712 (60.6%) were male and 462 (39.3%) were females. 857(72.9%) samples showed positive results. Among them, Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolate followed by Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp. and Klebsiella spp. The sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus was highest with Vancomycin and Linezolid, whereas Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas were sensitive with Piperacillin tazobactam. Conclusion: Increasing resistance always poses a challenge in treating infections. The development of resistant strains of pathogens can be limited by the judicious use of antibiotics. This study shows the infecting bacterial isolates and their antibiogram from this area. Keywords: Pus, antimicrobial resistance, bacterial isolates.

Microbiological spectrum of microbial keratitis in patients presenting with nasolacrimal duct obstruction

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212094057
Author(s):  
Supriya Sharma ◽  
Srikant K Sahu ◽  
Suryasnata Rath ◽  
Aparajita Mallick ◽  
Savitri Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Microbial Keratitis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Duct Obstruction ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Purpose: To study the type of bacteria and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern from corneal scrapings of patients with infectious keratitis presenting with concurrent nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out of patients with microbial keratitis and co-existing nasolacrimal duct obstruction during a 5-year period (January 2012 to December 2016). Antibiotic susceptibility profile data was collected from the microbiology records. Results: The study included 56 (M:F = 33:23; OD:OS = 34:22) eyes. The mean age of patients was 60.2 ± 12.3 years. Microscopic examination of corneal scrapings showed 52% of gram-positive ( n = 29/55) and 2% of multiple (>1; n = 1/55) bacteria. Streptococcus pneumoniae (32%, n = 18/56), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (25%, n = 14/56), and Staphylococcus aureus (11%, n = 6/56) were the most common bacteria. Streptococcus pneumoniae was found to be susceptible to ciprofloxacin (72.2%), ofloxacin (94.4%), gatifloxacin (61.1%), and moxifloxacin (83.3%). Conclusion: Corneal infection associated with nasolacrimal duct obstruction is commonly caused by gram-positive-bacteria. Irrigation of nasolacrimal duct should be mandatory test in microbial keratitis. The gram-positive bacteria isolated showed maximum susceptibility to vancomycin and cefazolin. Early treatment by surgery and appropriate medical management is recommended for its control.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Mastitis and Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial Isolates from CMT Positive Milk Samples Obtained from Dairy Cows, Camels, and Goats in Two Pastoral Districts in Southern Ethiopia

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1530
Author(s):  
Amanuel Balemi ◽  
Balako Gumi ◽  
Kebede Amenu ◽  
Sisay Girma ◽  
Muuz Gebru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples

A study was carried out from August 2017 to February 2018 on lactating dairy cows, one-humped dromedary camels, and goats to determine mastitis in the Bule Hora and Dugda Dawa districts of in Southern Ethiopia. Milk samples from 564 udder quarters and udder halves from 171 animals consisting of 60 dairy cows, 51 camels, and 60 goats were tested for mastitis. Sixty-four positive udder milk samples were cultured, and bacterial mastitis pathogens were isolated and identified. The antibiotic resistance of bacterial isolates from milk with mastitis was tested against nine antimicrobials commonly used in the study area. Cow- and quarter-level prevalence of mastitis in dairy cows, camels, and goats was 33.3%, 26.3%, and 25% and 17.6%, 14.5%, and 20%, respectively. In cattle, the prevalence was significantly higher in Dugda Dawa than in Bule Hora. Major bacterial isolates were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (39.1%), S. aureus (17.2%), S. hyicus (14.1%), and S. intermedius and Escherichia coli (9.4% each). In camels, udder abnormality and mastitis were significantly higher in late lactation than in early lactation. Mastitis tends to increase with parity in camels. E. coli isolates were highly resistant to spectinomycin, vancomycin, and doxycycline, whereas most S. aureus isolates were multidrug-resistant. Most of the rural and periurban communities in this area consume raw milk, which indicates a high risk of infection with multidrug-resistant bacteria. We recommend a community-focused training program to improve community awareness of the need to boil milk and the risk of raw milk consumption.

scholarly journals Mucocutaneous mycoses in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients hospitalised in a tertiary healthcare centre in the state of Amazonas-Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (42) ◽  
pp. 3621-3624
Author(s):  
Schaeffer Lindomar ◽  
Rayan Teixeira de Sousa Diego ◽  
Santana Cruz Kaacute tia ◽  
Oliveira Santos Lucilaide ◽  
Monte Lins Rossicleacute ia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
The State ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Healthcare Centre ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

scholarly journals Paradigm Shift in Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Isolates during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 954
Author(s):  
Vikas Saini ◽  
Charu Jain ◽  
Narendra Pal Singh ◽  
Ahmad Alsulimani ◽  
Chhavi Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Hospital Infection Control ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging public health problem in modern times and the current COVID-19 pandemic has further exaggerated this problem. Due to bacterial co-infection in COVID-19 cases, an irrational consumption of antibiotics has occurred during the pandemic. This study aimed to observe the COVID-19 patients hospitalized from 1 March 2019 to 31 December 2020 and to evaluate the AMR pattern of bacterial agents isolated. This was a single-center study comprising 494 bacterial isolates (blood and urine) that were obtained from patients with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to the ICU and investigated in the Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India. Out of the total bacterial isolates, 55.46% were gram negative and 44.53% were gram positive pathogens. Of the blood samples processed, the most common isolates were CoNS (Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus) and Staphylococcus aureus. Amongst the urinary isolates, most common pathogens were Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 60% MRSA was observed in urine and blood isolates. Up to 40% increase in AMR was observed amongst these isolates obtained during COVID-19 period compared to pre-COVID-19 times. The overuse of antibiotics gave abundant opportunity for the bacterial pathogens to gradually develop mechanisms and to acquire resistance. Since the dynamics of SARS-COV-2 are unpredictable, a compromise on hospital antibiotic policy may ultimately escalate the burden of drug resistant pathogens in hospitals. A shortage of trained staff during COVID-19 pandemic renders it impossible to maintain these records in places where the entire hospital staff is struggling to save lives. This study highlights the extensive rise in the use of antibiotics for respiratory illness due to COVID-19 compared to antibiotic use prior to COVID-19 in ICUs. The regular prescription audit followed by a constant surveillance of hospital infection control practices by the dedicated teams and training of clinicians can improve the quality of medications in the long run and help to fight the menace of AMR.

scholarly journals Isolates, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles and Multidrug Resistance of Bacteria Cultured from Pig Submissions in New Zealand

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Christopher B. Riley ◽  
Kirsty L. Chidgey ◽  
Janis P. Bridges ◽  
Emma Gordon ◽  
Kevin E. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Susceptibility Data ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

Data on the scope of bacterial pathogens present and the frequency of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in New Zealand’s pigs are limited. This study describes bacterial isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility data, and multidrug resistance (MDR; resistance to ≥3 antimicrobial classes) from New Zealand pig submissions. Porcine test data from June 2003 to February 2016 were obtained from commercial veterinary pathology laboratory records. In total, 470/477 unique submissions resulted in bacterial growth, yielding 779 isolates. Sample type was recorded for 360/477 (75.5%); lung (79/360; 21.9%), faecal (61/360; 16.9%) and intestinal (45/360; 12.5%) were most common. The most common isolates were Escherichia coli (186/779, 23.9%), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (43/779; 5.5%), Streptococcus suis (43/779; 5.5%), unidentified Campylobacter spp. (38/779; 4.9%), alpha haemolytic Streptococci (32/779; 4.1%), coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp. (26/779; 3.3%), and Pasteurella multocida (25/779; 3.2%). Susceptibility results were available for 141/779 (18.1%) isolates from 62/470 (13.2%) submissions. Most were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulphonamide (75/81; 92.6%), but fewer were susceptible to penicillin (37/77; 48.1%), tilmicosin (18/43; 41.9%), or tetracyclines (41/114; 36.0%). No susceptibility data were available for Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., or Yersinia spp. isolates. MDR was present in 60/141 (42.6%) isolates. More data on sample submission drivers, antimicrobial drug use, and susceptibilities of important porcine bacterial isolates are required to inform guidelines for prudent antimicrobial use, to reduce their prevalence, human transmission, and to minimise AMR and MDR.

scholarly journals Declining trends in syphilis prevalence among antenatal women in northern India: a 10-year analysis from a tertiary healthcare centre

2007 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 592-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sethi ◽  
K. Sharma ◽  
L. K Dhaliwal ◽  
S. S. Banga ◽  
M. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Centre ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare
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