scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Urinary Pathogens in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 878-882
Author(s):  
Akshatha N ◽  
Anjana Gopi ◽  
Supriya Christopher ◽  
Mangala G.K.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

BACKGROUND Urinary tract Infection (UTI) are the most common clinical conditions in general practice and gynaecological department. Men and women of all age groups are affected by UTI, but its overall prevalence is higher in women. The major causative agents are Escherichia coli and other Enterobacteriaceae. In majority of the cases, empirically treatment is started with antimicrobials before the urine culture and sensitivity reports become available. This has led to an increase in antibiotic resistance in urinary pathogens. Hence, the present study was undertaken to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of uropathogens to commonly used antimicrobials in treating UTIs. METHODS A total of 200 urine samples were obtained from patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of UTIs attending Bapuji and Chigateri General Hospital which are attached to Jagadguru Jayadeva Murugarajendra Medical College (JJMMC), Davangere for a period of 3 months that is from May 2016 to July 2016. Urine samples were processed within 2 hours of reaching the laboratory. Semi quantitative urine culture was done. Isolation and identification were done by performing standard biochemical tests and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using the standard disc diffusion method by Kirby-Bauer technique. RESULTS There were 170 urinary isolates from 200 samples. Children less than 10 years were more affected 54 (27 %). Female patients were more, 119 (59.5 %) compared to males 81 (40.5 %). Escherichia coli was the most predominant isolate, 71 (41.8 %) followed by Enterococcus species 22 (1.9 %). Organisms were resistant to commonly used antibiotics i.e., cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and amoxicillin. Both gram negative and gram-positive isolates were sensitive to amikacin and nitrofurantoin. CONCLUSIONS In present study Escherichia coli is the predominant pathogen. Uncomplicated UTIs can be empirically treated by nitrofurantoin. Occurrence of treatment failure with commonly used antimicrobials is more often in Indian setting. Hence, antimicrobial susceptibility testing must be employed routinely. KEY WORDS UTIs, Uropathogens, E. coli, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

scholarly journals A retrospective study of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of aerobic microbial isolates from urine samples of patients attending a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Ahmad S ◽  
Jahan N ◽  
Ahmad SS ◽  
Singh N ◽  
Khatoon R
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Definitive Therapy ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Microbial Isolates

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infections encountered in clinical practice. Objective: This is a retrospective study to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of aerobic microbial isolates from urine samples of patients with complaints suggestive of UTI. Materials and methods: A total of 3116 urine samples which were received in the Department of Microbiology during the study period from April 2018 to March 2019 were analyzed. Results: Out of 3116 urine samples from both outpatient (OPD) and inpatient department (IPD), 2614 samples showed either growth of contaminants or insignificant or no growth of microorganisms, whereas, 502 samples showed significant microbial growth on aerobic culture giving overall prevalence of UTI in the study population to be 16.1%. Of these 502 culture positives, majority was found to be from OPD (51.0%) patients, amongst females (62.9%), and Escherichia coli being the commonest isolate (49.8%). The antibiotic sensitivity of uroisolates of Escherichia coli were found to range from 46.0-70.0%. Conclusion: In view of the increasing drug resistance amongst pathogens causing UTI, antimicrobial susceptibility should be done before initiating definitive therapy. These data may be used to formulate local antibiotic policies in order to assist clinicians in the rationale use of antibiotics.

AEROBIC BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE WITH ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF PUS SAMPLES AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN JAIPUR

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-67
Author(s):  
Hemendra K Sharma ◽  
Niketa Gupta ◽  
Mahesh Yadav ◽  
Aruna Vyas ◽  
Rajni Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Background: Pyogenic infections can be caused by various microorganisms and may co-exist as poly microbial infections which require antibiotic therapy. The inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to major problems of MDRO's contributing to morbidity and mortality. Even though the bacteriological prole of pus samples in many studies remain the same, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of these isolates has shown a lot of variation. This study was conducted to assess bacteriological prole of pus samples and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern Materials and Methods:Aretrospective study was carried out from April to June 2021. 540 pus culture aerobic bacterial isolates were included. The samples were cultured on Blood and MacConkey agar. After aerobic incubation at 37oC for 18-24 hrs, organisms were identied by conventional bacteriology methods as per laboratory protocol and antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI 2020 guideline. Results: Out of 540 pus isolates , 452(83.7%)were gram negative bacili and 88(16.3%) were gram positive cocci Pseudomonas spp. 173(31.9%), was most common gram negative isolate while S.. aureus 66(12.19%) was most common Gram positive isolate. Most of gram negative isolates were susceptible to Imipenem and Polymyxin and gram positive isolates to vancomycin and linezolid . Conclusion: To combat resistance irrational use of antibiotics should be avoided. Also regular surveillance helps in implementing better therapeutic strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality

scholarly journals Frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of hospital isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in urine samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Jukić ◽  
Danijel Topić ◽  
El-Jesah Đulić ◽  
Amela Dedeić- Ljubović
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Urinary Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Objectives/Aim: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are a serious public health problem and caused by many pathogens, most often by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.Aim of this study was to show the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in hospital isolates, following the GLASS methodology.Methods: This is a retrospective study that was conducted in the Laboratory for Urinary Infections OU Clinical Microbiology CCUS in the period from January till December 2018.A total of 13760 urine samples were processed, using standard laboratory methods, in which significant bacteriuria was detected in 3218 (23.4%) of specimens.Results: Out of the total number of positive samples, E. coli was isolated in 1166 (36.2%) and K. pneumoniae at 341 (10.6%) patients. The presence of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates is dominant in females (1103/73.2%) and age group 60 and older (812/54.7%). Out of the total E. coli isolates, the ESBL strain was presented with 79 (6.8%) and K. pneumoniae with 145 (42.5%). The proportion of carbapenemase (CPE) produced by K. pneumoniae isolates was 8 (2.4%). The ESBL strain distribution analysis on clinics showed the highest prevalence of both isolates at the Clinic for Nephrology: K. pneumoniae 26/17,9%; E. coli: 12/15.4%. Isolated E. coli showed the highest resistance to ampicillin 673/1166 (57,7%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 454/1166 (38.9%) and ciprofloxacin 253/970 (26.1%), while K. pneumoniae to ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole with 151/285 (53.0%) and 164/341 (48.1%), respectively.Conclusions: Our study has shown that the most common cause of urinary infections in hospital settings are E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Data analysis showed that the presence of ESBL isolates was significantly higher in K. pneumoniae than E. coli. CPE isolates of K. pneumoniae were also detected.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance among Escherichia coli Isolates from Hospital Wastewater Compared to Community Wastewater

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3449
Author(s):  
Cristina-Mirabela Gaşpar ◽  
Ludovic Toma Cziszter ◽  
Cristian Florin Lăzărescu ◽  
Ioan Ţibru ◽  
Marius Pentea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Hospital Wastewater ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli

This study aimed to compare the antibiotic resistance levels of the indicator bacteria Escherichia coli in wastewater samples collected from two hospitals and two urban communities. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on 81 E. coli isolates (47 from hospitals and 34 from communities) using the disc diffusion method according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) methodology. Ten antibiotics from nine different classes were chosen. The strains isolated from the community wastewater, compared to those from the hospital wastewater, were not resistant to gentamicin (p = 0.03), but they showed a significantly higher susceptibility—increased exposure to ceftazidime (p = 0.001). Multidrug resistance was observed in 85.11% of the hospital wastewater isolates and 73.53% of the community isolates (p > 0.05). The frequency of the presumed carbapenemase-producing E. coli was higher among the community isolates (76.47% compared to 68.09%) (p > 0.05), whereas the frequency of the presumed extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli was higher among the hospital isolates (21.28% compared to 5.88%) (p > 0.05). The antibiotic resistance rates were high in both the hospital and community wastewaters, with very few significant differences between them, so the community outlet might be a source of resistant bacteria that is at least as important as the well-recognised hospitals.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Klebsiella Species from Various Clinical Samples at a Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
K. Sathyavathy ◽  
B. Kiran Madhusudhan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

The aim of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella species from different clinical samples at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, India. Overall 189 samples out of 980 non repetitive clinical samples obtained from wound/pus, urine, sputum swab and blood by disc diffusion method and identified as Klebsiella and analysed. Out of total 189 Klebsiella isolates, 76 out of 155 K. pneumoniae (49%) were resistant and none out of 34 Klebsiella oxytoca (0%) showed resistance to cefotaxime and ceftazidime by disc diffusion method. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Klebsiella exhibited 100% resistance to Ampicillin. The present study highlights the need for the continued monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of important bacterial pathogens, so that rational antibiotic policies can be formulated.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern and ESBL Prevalence of Bacteria Isolated from Street Vended Snacks

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Chidiebere Anab-Atulomah ◽  
Ngozi C. Oji ◽  
Vivian N. Kanu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Laboratory Unit ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Esbl Producers

Aims: The objective of the study was to ascertain the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and ESBL prevalence of bacteria isolated from snacks. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology (Laboratory Unit) Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike. Methodology: The snacks were mashed aseptically, serially diluted and inoculated onto nutrient agar and MacConkey agar. Isolates were identified using standard microbiological procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates and ESBL detection was done using disk diffusion method. ESBL production was confirmed using Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST) method following CLSI recommendations. Results: Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the bacteria isolated with Escherichia coli as the most prevalent isolate with 42% occurrence in the samples screened. There was significant difference in the sensitivity of the bacteria isolates to the different antibiotics used at P=0.05. Salmonella Typhi isolates exhibited highest resistance to an antibiotic with 86% resistance to ciprofloxacin while Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates exhibited the lowest resistance to an antibiotic with 10% resistance to cefotaxime. Among the Gram-negative bacteria, 36% of suspected ESBL producing E. coli isolates were confirmed as ESBL producers indicating the highest occurrence. Conclusion: The study confirmed the presence of bacteria in street vended snacks which exhibited high resistance to antibiotics that could be attributed to the presence of ESBL producers among the isolates.

scholarly journals Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of endotracheal tube secretion of patients in ICUs of a tertiary care hospital in Punjab

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-229
Author(s):  
Kiranjeet Kaur ◽  
Shavetika Jindal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Healthcare associated pneumonia (HAP)is second most common HCAIs that occur in 27% critically ill patients. Eighty-six percent of HAP are associated with mechanical ventilation and termed as ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). VAP due to multidrug resistant has also increased in recent past. To isolate and identify the bacterial pathogens in endotracheal tubes aspirates of ICUs patients and study their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.A prospective longitudinal study was conducted in the Microbiology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital over a period of six months after clearance from institutional Research Committee and Ethical Committee. All the samples of ETT secretions received in Clinical Microbiology lab from ICU patients and fulfilling the criteria for VAP were included in this study. Samples were processed as per standard protocol and organisms were identified on the basis of gram staining, colony characters and biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity was performed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. : A total of 100 samples of ET secretions were collected and proceeded for culture. Out of 100 samples, 76 (76.0%) were positive for bacterial growth. Among 76 positive cultures, a total 80 bacterial isolates were obtained as some cultures were showing polymicrobial growth. Five (6.26%) isolates were Gram Positive bacteria and 75(93.7%) were Gram negative. The most frequent isolates were 35(43.7%) followed by , isolates were sensitive to colistin while resistant to ampicillin and amoxiclav. isolates were sensitive to colistin and resistant to ampicillin, amoxiclav, ciprofloxacin, cefixime, piperacillin tazobactam. isolates were sensitive to colistin while resistant to ampicillin, amoxiclav, ceftizidime and piperacillin tazobactam. In our study antimicrobial pattern of isolated bacteria shows multidrug resistant pathogens which are associated with VAP and limit therapeutic options.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of urine culture isolates in a tertiary care hospital of Jharkhand, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Kumar ◽  
Rajiv Kumar ◽  
Manju Gari ◽  
Uma Shanker P. Keshri ◽  
Sumit K. Mahato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
The Common

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the common infections encountered by the clinicians. Though a good number of antimicrobial agents are available, still UTIs have become difficult to treat due to development of resistance by the uropathogens. So, regional data regarding the common uropathogens and their sensitivity pattern is required to guide the clinicians to start empirical therapy while managing UTIs. The purpose of the study was to identify different species of microorganisms, along with their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, causing urinary tract infection in outpatient and indoor patients at RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand.Methods: Observational study was conducted using urine culture and sensitivity reports collected retrospectively from records maintained in the department of Microbiology over a period from July 2016 to Feb 2017 in tertiary care hospital.Results: UTI was more common in females (57.74%) than in males (42.26%). Among the uropathogens isolated Escherichia coli (37.41%) was found to be the predominant organism followed by Klebsiella species (32.79%), Pseudomonas species (25.86%), and gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus accounted (3.92%) of total cases. The most common isolates were E. coli showed high sensitivity to amikacin (79.24%), followed by levofloxacin (77.21%) and gentamycin (62.26%). It was found to be resistant to norfloxacin (86%), nalidixic acid (86.76%) and cefotaxime (69.88%).Conclusions: Though various microorganisms are responsible for UTI. Escherichia coli species is the most common organism. Antimicrobial resistance has already emerged against many antibiotics, making empirical treatment of these infections challenging.

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