scholarly journals Effects of Scots pine paternal genotypes of two contiguous seed orchards on the budset and frost hardening of first-year progeny

Silva Fennica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku Lehtinen ◽  
Pertti Pulkkinen
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
First Year ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Frost Hardening

scholarly journals GENETIC AND SELECTION ASSESSMENT OF THE SCOTS PINE (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.) IN FOREST SEED ORCHARDS

Wood Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Khanova ◽  
Vladimir Konovalov ◽  
Azat Timeryanov ◽  
Regina Isyanyulova ◽  
Dina Rafikova
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Seed Orchards

Improved elongation of Scots pine seedlings under blue light depletion is not dependent on resource acquisition

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Sarala ◽  
Erja Taulavuori ◽  
Jouni Karhu ◽  
Eira-Maija Savonen ◽  
Kari Laine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Resource Acquisition ◽  
Pigment Composition ◽  
Frost Hardening ◽  
Inhibiting Effect ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Growth Inhibiting

Removal of blue light (400–500 nm) induced shoot elongation of 2-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings, which was not related to resource acquisition (carbohydrates, C/N ratio and soluble proteins) and frost hardening. The seedlings were grown in northern Finland (64°N) in plexiglass chambers, either orange in colour or transparent, during elongation and cold hardening periods in 2001. The orange chamber removed the blue wavelengths. The results suggest that the growth inhibiting effect of blue light on Scots pine elongation is probably a photomorphogenic regulation response; the removal of blue light did not affect the gas exchange and accumulation of growth resources. In addition, the removal of blue light also did not affect the physiological parameters (pigment composition, chlorophyll fluorescence and lipid peroxidation) measured during the preparation for winter.

Effects of phosphorus deficiency and recovery fertilization on growth, mineral concentration, and ultrastructure of Scots pine needles

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2459-2468 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Palomäki ◽  
T. Holopainen
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
First Year ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Recovery Treatment ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Complete Nutrient Solution ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

During the first year of a 2-year field experiment (1989–1990), 3-year-old Scots pine (Pinussylvestris L.) seedlings were watered with phosphorus-deficient nutrient solutions containing no phosphorus (0%) or 30% of the optimal phosphorus supply. A complete nutrient solution was used as the control. In the second growing period, the seedlings were divided into two groups, a deficiency and a recovery treatment, to follow the further development of, and recovery from, symptoms. Phosphorus contents in both current- and previous-year needles in both deficiency groups decreased clearly during the first growing period. Limited growth was observed at both deficiency levels after 10 weeks of treatment. The first ultrastructural symptom, swelling of cristae and subsequent dilatation of whole mitochondria, was observed after 16 weeks of treatment in the current-year needles. In addition to this symptom, the previous-year needles had an increase in the number and translucency of plastoglobuli, a decrease of granum thylakoids, and an increase in the density of the stroma in chloroplasts. After the second growing period, the same changes were observable in the phosphorus-deficient seedlings. In the young needles grown during the recovery fertilization period, slight swelling of mitochondria was detected and recovery of the previous-year needles was not complete. The results of this experiment suggest that the swelling of mitochondria is a characteristic symptom of phosphorus deficiency at the ultrastructural level in different needle generations. All the symptoms, when occurring together, may be used in identifying a moderate phosphorus-deficiency stress in seedlings.

GROWTH RESPONSES OF SCOTS PINE (PINACEAE) TO ARTIFICIAL AND SAWFLY (HYMENOPTERA: DIPRIONIDAE) DEFOLIATION

1999 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Päivi Lyytikäinen-Saarenmaa
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
First Year ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Biomass Loss ◽  
Growth Loss ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe influence of defoliation type (artificial versus natural), timing (early versus late), and intensity (25%, 50%, and 75% of needle mass removed) on leader growth of Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris (Linnaeus), was assessed for 2 years after treatment on an even-aged stand located in southeastern Finland. Trees were defoliated simultaneously, either artificially with a pair of scissors or naturally with larvae of Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffroy) and Diprion pini (Linnaeus) for the early- and late-season treatments, respectively. After 1 year, early-season artificial defoliation generally caused greater growth reduction than natural defoliation. Late-season defoliation yielded opposite results. Trees defoliated artificially in early-season treatments were significantly shorter than control trees irrespective of defoliation intensity, whereas those defoliated late in the season did not differ from controls, except at the highest intensity. Trees defoliated by sawflies, either early or late in the season, were significantly shorter than control trees only at the highest defoliation intensity. The pattern of growth loss in the second year appeared similar to that in the first year. The impact of defoliation was either prolonged neutral or negative, as no compensatory responses on height growth in Scots pine were observed. Timing of the treatment in relation to completion of leader growth, differences in defoliation types, alteration of the photosynthetic capacity due to biomass loss, and the functional role of plant parts defoliated may explain the results observed.

Autumn colouration of first year Pinus sylvestris seedlings during frost hardening

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Toivonen ◽  
Risto Rikala ◽  
Tapani Repo ◽  
Heikki Smolander
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
First Year ◽  
Frost Hardening

scholarly journals Are we narrowing genetic variability in seed orchards? An attempt to answer, based on the analysis of microsatellite DNA of grafts growing in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seed orchard in the Forest District Susz

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-249
Author(s):  
Paweł Przybylski
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Dna Fragments ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Forest District

Abstract Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is the most common species in Poland’s forest stands. The mode of pine stands renovation requires that silviculture practitioners have continuous access to seed banks. Orchard-grown seeds are predicted to constitute an increasingly larger part of the average demand for pine seeds in Poland. Seed orchards, due to a limited number of maternal trees as well as the irregularity of their blooming and pollination, enhance the risk of genetic diversity reduction in planted forest stands. This is of particular importance in the context of dynamic climate change. Markers based on microsatellite DNA fragments are effective tools for monitoring genetic variability. In the present study, three different microsatellite DNA fragments were used: SPAC 12.5, SPAG 7.14 and SPAC 11.4. The main objective of this research was to study genetic variability in one of the biggest seed orchards in Poland, located in the Forest District Susz. The obtained results indicated heterozygosity loss within the orchard, proving the existence of specimen selection effects on genetic variability. Hence, it seems quite important to take account of molecular genetic variability of maternal trees in future breeding strategies.

scholarly journals Response of <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> roots to sheet-erosion exposure: an anatomical approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Rubiales ◽  
J. M. Bodoque ◽  
J. A. Ballesteros ◽  
A. Diez-Herrero
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
First Year ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Sheet Erosion

Abstract. Anatomical changes of exposed tree roots are valuable tools to date erosion events, but the responses of diverse species under different types of erosion need still to be studied in detail. In this paper we analyze the histological changes that occur in roots of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) subjected to continuous denudation. A descriptive and quantitative study was conducted in the Senda Schmidt, a popular trail located on the northern slope of the Sierra de Guadarrama (Central Iberian System, Spain). Measurement of significant parameters allowed the moment of exposure of the roots to be identified. These parameters were: a) width of the growth ring; b) number of cells per ring; c) percentage of latewood and d) diameter of cellular light in earlywood. A one-way analysis ANOVA was also carried out in order to establish statistically significant differences between homogeneous groups of measurements in pre-exposed and exposed roots. Based on these analyses, Scots pine roots show a remarkable anatomical response to sheet-erosion exposure. Increased growth in the ring is accompanied by a slight reduction of the cell lumina of the earlywood tracheids. At the end of the ring, several rows of thick-walled tracheids define latewood tissue and visible annual borders very clearly. Furthermore, resin ducts often appear in tangential rows, increasing resin density in the tissue. All of these indicators made it possible to determine with precision the first year of exposure and to estimate precisely sheet erosion rates.

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