scholarly journals Prognostic value of variables derived from heart rate variability in patients with traumatic brain injury after decompressive surgery

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0245792
Author(s):  
Hsueh-Yi Lu ◽  
Abel Po-Hao Huang ◽  
Lu-Ting Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Decompression Surgery ◽  
One Year

Measurement of heart rate variability can reveal autonomic nervous system function. Changes in heart rate variability can be associated with disease severity, risk of complications, and prognosis. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of heart rate variability measurements in patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury after decompression surgery. We conducted a prospective study of 80 patients with traumatic brain injury after decompression surgery using a noninvasive electrocardiography device for data collection. Assessment of heart rate variability parameters included the time and frequency domains. The correlations between heart rate variability parameters and one-year mortality and functional outcomes were analyzed. Time domain measures of heart rate variability, using the standard deviation of the RR intervals and the square root of the mean squared differences of successive RR intervals, were statistically significantly lower in the group of patients with unfavorable outcomes and those that died. In frequency domain analysis, very low-frequency and total power were significantly higher in patients with favorable functional outcomes. High-frequency, low-frequency, and total power were statistically significantly higher in patients who survived for more than one year. Multivariate analysis using a model combining age and the Glasgow Coma Scale score with variables derived from heart rate variability substantially improved the prognostic value for predicting long-term outcome. These findings reinforced the concept that traumatic brain injury impacts the brain-heart axis and cardiac autonomic modulation even after decompression surgery, and variables derived from heart rate variability may be useful predictors of outcome.

scholarly journals The Influence ofNrf2on Cardiac Responses to Environmental Stressors

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reuben Howden ◽  
Eva Gougian ◽  
Marcus Lawrence ◽  
Samantha Cividanes ◽  
Wesley Gladwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Airborne Pollutants ◽  
Cardiac Responses

Nrf2protects the lung from adverse responses to oxidants, including 100% oxygen (hyperoxia) and airborne pollutants like particulate matter (PM) exposure, but the role ofNrf2on heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) responses is not known. We hypothesized that genetic disruption ofNrf2would exacerbate murine HR and HRV responses to severe hyperoxia or moderate PM exposures.Nrf2-/-andNrf2+/+mice were instrumented for continuous ECG recording to calculate HR and HRV (low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and total power (TP)). Mice were then either exposed to hyperoxia for up to 72 hrs or aspirated with ultrafine PM (UF-PM). Compared to respective controls, UF-PM induced significantly greater effects on HR (P<0.001) and HF HRV (P<0.001) inNrf2-/-mice compared toNrf2+/+mice.Nrf2-/-mice tolerated hyperoxia significantly less thanNrf2+/+mice (~22 hrs;P<0.001). Reductions in HR, LF, HF, and TP HRV were also significantly greater inNrf2-/-compared toNrf2+/+mice (P<0.01). Results demonstrate thatNrf2deletion increases susceptibility to change in HR and HRV responses to environmental stressors and suggest potential therapeutic strategies to prevent cardiovascular alterations.

Abstract P315: Increase in Stress May Contribute to Lower Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Young Subjects

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda C Costa ◽  
Ana Gabriela C Silva ◽  
Cibele T Ribeiro ◽  
Guilherme A Fregonezi ◽  
Fernando A Dias
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Total Power ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nonparametric Correlation

Background: Stress is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease and decreased heart rate variability is associated to increased mortality in some cardiac diseases. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of perceived stress on cardiac autonomic regulation in young healthy volunteers. Methods: 35 young healthy volunteers (19 to 29 years old, 6 men) from a Brazilian population were assessed for perceived stress by the translated and validated Perceived Stress Scale (PSS, 14 questions) and had the R-R intervals recorded at rest on supine position (POLAR RS800CX) and analyzed (5 minutes, Kubius HRV software) by Fast-Fourier Transform for quantification of Heart Rate Variability (HRV). Results: Average data (±SD) for age, heart rate, BMI, waist circumference and percentage of body fat (%BF) were: 21.3±2.7 years; 65.5±7.9 bpm; 22.3±1.9 Kg/m 2 ; 76.0±6.1 cm and 32.1±6.6%; respectively. The mean score for the PSS-14 was 23.5±7.2 and for the HRV parameter as follow: SSDN=54.8±21.2ms; rMSSD=55.9±32.2ms; low-frequency (LF)= 794.8±579.7ms 2 ; High-frequency (HF)= 1508.0±1783.0 ms 2 ; LF(n.u.)= 41.1±16.2; HF(n.u.)= 58.9±16.2; LF/HF=0.89±0.80 and Total power (TP)= 3151±2570ms 2 . Spearman nonparametric correlation was calculated and there was a significant correlation of PSS-14 scores and LF (ms 2 ) (r=−0.343; p= 0.044). Other HRV variables did not shown significant correlation but also had negative values for Spearman r (TP r=−0.265, p=0.124; HF r=−0.158; SSDN r=−0.207; rMSSD r=−0.243, p=0.160). LF/HF and LF(n.u.) did not correlate to PSS-14 having Spearman r very close to zero (LF/HF r=−0.007, p=0.969; LF(n.u.) r=−0.005, p=0.976). No correlation was found for HRV parameters and BMI and there was a trend for statistical correlation of %BF and LF (ms 2 ) (r=−0.309, p=0.071). Conclusions: These data demonstrate a possible association of perceived stress level and HRV at rest. Changes in LF can be a consequence of both sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, however, analyzing the other variables HF, TP, SSDN and rMSSD (all negative Spearman r) and due to the lack of changes in LF/HF ratio and LF(n.u.) we interpret that increased stress may be associated to decrease in overall heart rate variability. These changes were seen in healthy individuals and may point out an important mechanism in cardiovascular disease development.

scholarly journals Heart Rate Variability and Cardiovascular Reflex Tests for Assessment of Autonomic Functions in Preeclampsia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Chaswal ◽  
Raj Kapoor ◽  
Achla Batra ◽  
Savita Verma ◽  
Bhupendra S. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Autonomic Functions ◽  
Cardiovascular Reflex ◽  
Cardiovascular Reflex Tests

Alterations in the autonomic cardiovascular control have been implicated to play an important etiologic role in preeclampsia. The present study was designed to evaluate autonomic functions in preeclamptic pregnant women and compare the values with normotensive pregnant and healthy nonpregnant controls. Assessment of autonomic functions was done by cardiovascular reflex tests and by analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). Cardiovascular reflex tests included deep breathing test (DBT) and lying to standing test (LST). HRV was analyzed in both time and frequency domain for quantifying the tone of autonomic nervous system to the heart. The time domain measures included standard deviation of normal R-R intervals (SDNN) and square root of mean squared differences of successive R-R intervals (RMSSD). In the frequency domain we measured total power (TP), high frequency (HF) power, low frequency (LF) power, and LF/HF ratio. Cardiovascular reflex tests showed a significant parasympathetic deficit in preeclamptic women. Among parameters of HRV, preeclamptic group had lower values of SDNN, RMSSD, TP, HF, and LF (ms2) and higher value of LF in normalised units along with high LF/HF ratio compared to normotensive pregnant and nonpregnant controls. Furthermore, normotensive pregnant women had lower values of SDNN, TP, and LF component in both absolute power and normalised units compared to nonpregnant females. The results confirm that normal pregnancy is associated with autonomic disturbances which get exaggerated in the state of preeclampsia.

scholarly journals Heart Rate Variability and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Case Study and Review of Literature

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (14 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S2.2-S2
Author(s):  
Harrison Seltzer ◽  
Karim Elghawy ◽  
Robert Baker
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Training Session ◽  
The United States ◽  
Smart Device ◽  
Cross Country

ObjectiveUse biofeedback measures to manage a patient's long term recovery from concussion.BackgroundSports-related mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is estimated to affect 3.8 million people in the United States. Identifying quantitative measures of recovery has become a point of interest in treatment. Heart Rate Variability (HRV), the average fluctuation in the interval between heartbeats, shows promise as a noninvasive biomarker.Design/MethodsCase report following cardiovascular recovery of a 15 year old cross country runner 4 months post-injury. Average heart rate and maximum heart rate per training session were collected from the patient's smart device.ResultsA 15-year-old Caucasian male cross-country runner hit the back of his head during a soccer game suffering an MTBI. The patient rested from the activity for 1 week then returned to training. Two months after the injury the patient complained of persistent shortness of breath, fatigue, and increased heart rate while running. According to the patient, his average BPM while running prior to the injury was in the 160s. The patient's smart device post-concussion reports a spike into the 180s. 3 months post-concussion the patient was instructed to keep his heart rate below 170 during training. In the following month, the patient's condition improved gradually with a return to baseline activity.ConclusionsHRV is a promising point of investigation for the management of post-concussive symptoms. Further research is necessary to elucidate the long term effects of concussion on heart rate variability.

Elevated heart rate variability in physically active postmenopausal women: a cardioprotective effect?

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (2) ◽  
pp. H455-H460 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Davy ◽  
N. L. Miniclier ◽  
J. A. Taylor ◽  
E. T. Stevenson ◽  
D. R. Seals
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Total Power ◽  
High Frequency Power ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Frequency Power

Coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiac sudden death (CSD) incidence accelerates after menopause, but the incidence is lower in physically active versus less active women. Low heart rate variability (HRV) is a risk factor for CHD and CSD. The purpose of the present investigation was to test the hypothesis that HRV at rest is greater in physically active compared with less active postmenopausal women. If true, we further hypothesized that the greater HRV in the physically active women would be closely associated with an elevated spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (SBRS). HRV (both time and frequency domain measures) and SBRS (sequence method) were measured during 5-min periods of controlled frequency breathing (15 breaths/min) in the supine, sitting, and standing postures in 9 physically active postmenopausal women (age = 53 +/- 1 yr) and 11 age-matched controls (age = 56 +/- 2 yr). Body weight, body mass index, and body fat percentage were lower (P < 0.01) and maximal oxygen uptake was higher (P < 0.01) in the physically active group. The standard deviation of the R-R intervals (time domain measure) was higher in all postures in the active women (P < 0.05) as were the high-frequency, low-frequency, and total power of HRV. SBRS also was higher (P < 0.05) in the physically active women in all postures and accounted for approximately 70% of the variance in the high-frequency power of HRV (P < 0.05). The results of the present investigation indicate that physically active postmenopausal women demonstrate higher levels of HRV compared with age-matched, less active women. Furthermore, SBRS accounted for the majority of the variance in the high-frequency power of HRV, suggesting the possibility of a mechanistic link with cardiac vagal modulation of heart rate. Our findings may provide insight into a possible cardioprotective mechanism in physically active postmenopausal women.

Heart Rate Variability and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Clinical Applications

Biofeedback ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Reid-Chung ◽  
Michael Thompson ◽  
Lynda Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Biofeedback Training ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Biofeedback Treatment

This paper discusses the clinical applications of heart rate variability (HRV) data in the treatment of clients who have experienced traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). In the authors' clinical practice, HRV data is collected at the initial assessment, at progress assessments, and again after the completion of a course of neurofeedback combined with HRV biofeedback treatment. This paper describes HRV seen in healthy individuals compared to HRV in individuals known to have experienced a TBI. Three clinical case examples are discussed that explore the changes in heart rate variability following traumatic brain injury as well as improvements noted during, and following, a course of neurofeedback combined with HRV biofeedback training. The cases illustrated in this paper demonstrate the impressive changes in heart rate variability that can occur following a traumatic brain injury and also highlight how neurofeedback combined with biofeedback training can be used to improve heart rate variability and ameliorate related cognitive symptoms.

Heart rate variability after acute traumatic brain injury in children

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 3907-3912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhik K. Biswas ◽  
William A. Scott ◽  
John F. Sommerauer ◽  
Peter M. Luckett
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Acute Traumatic Brain Injury

NEUROCARDIAC-CARDIORESPIRATORY INTERACTION OF HEART-BRAIN MAILUNS SYNCHRONY AT DEEP ZEN MEDITATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (06) ◽  
pp. 1650039
Author(s):  
Pei-Chen Lo ◽  
Wu Jue Miao Tian
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Respiration Rhythm ◽  
Scientific Hypothesis ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Interaction ◽  
Electrical Impulses

Innovatively new behaviors of heart rate variability caused by special heart-transition process were observed in the long-term, well-experienced Zen practitioners while practicing the heart-to-heart imprint sealing (HHIS) Zen meditation. HHIS Zen practice involves specific neurocardiac-cardiorespiratory interaction while on the way of realizing the heart-dominant, detached brain. Results of analyzing the electrocardiogram and respiratory signals of 10 experienced practitioners reveal several distinctive characteristics: (1) remarkably linear correlation between standard deviation of the normal R-to-R intervals, SDNN, and total power in very-low-frequency (VLF, 0.0033–0.04[Formula: see text]Hz) band of power spectrum of the heart-rate sequence, (2) time-varying VLF power dominating over the low-frequency and high-frequency power in heart rate variability (HRV) variations, (3) intermittent transition into slowly, deeply abdominal respiration inducing a boost of heart rates, (4) heart-rate baseline slowly fluctuating at 0.005–0.0067[Formula: see text]Hz, about 1.5–2 cycles in 5-min period, and (5) remarkable respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) synchrony between heart rate and respiration rhythm. This paper proposes a rational scientific hypothesis for the neurocardiac-cardiorespiratory mechanism. The unique scheme of HHIS Zen meditation involves the spiritual-qi concentration and refinement for pinpointing into the particular energy centers, mailuns. Ignition by a subtle, deepest abdominal respiration, electrical impulses rapidly transmit from solar plexus to branchial plexuses to activate unique heart-transition process. Simultaneously, another branch streams upward the spinal cord to cervical plexus and brainstem that effectively harmonizes neurocardiac interactions. To investigate the underlying behaviors, time-domain and frequency-domain HRV based on continuous wavelet transform were employed.

scholarly journals Influence of heart failure severity on heart rate variability

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 484-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Zamaklar-Trifunovic ◽  
Petar Seferovic ◽  
Mirjana Zivkovic ◽  
Vera Jelic ◽  
Goran Vukomanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Pump Failure ◽  
Spectral Components ◽  
Failure Severity ◽  
Heart Failure Severity

Introduction. Autonomic regulation of cardiovascular functions in congestive heart failure is characterised by enhanced sympathetic and diminished parasympathetic activity. The long term predominance of sympathetic tone is a significant factor in arrhythmogenesis, sudden cardiac death, and progressive pump failure. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive method for estimating the sympatho vagal balance in cardiovascular control. Aim. The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of heart failure severity on HRV. Method. HRV was estimated through the spectral analysis of short term ECG (Cardiovit AT 60, Schiller, CH) in 63 patients (78% male, mean age 56.9?10.9 years) and 14 healthy volunteers (57.1% male, mean age 53.1?8.2 years). The following spectral components were measured: VLF (very low frequency), LF (low frequency), HF (high frequency), and total power (Tot Power). Results. All spectral components were statistically, significantly lower in patients with heart failure in comparison to healthy controls (VLF: 159.89?147.02 vs. 285.50?202.77 ms2; p=0.023, LF: 161.48?204.01 vs. 474.57?362.93 ms2; p<0.001, HF: 88.58?102.47 vs. 362.71?318.28 ms2; p<0.001), as well as total power (Tot Power: 723.39?644.52 vs. 1807.29?1204.74 ms2; p<0.001). A significant, negative correlation between HRV parameters and NYHA class was detected in heart failure patients (VLF: r=-0.391; p=0.002, LF: r=-0.401; p=0.001, and Tot Power r=-0.372; p=0.003). Ejection fraction proved to be in significant, positive correlation to VLF (r=0.541; p=0.002), LF (r=0.531; p=0.003), HF (r=0.418; p=0.020), and Tot Power (r=0.457; p=0.013). Conclusion. Significant HRV reduction is a precursor to incipient heart failure (NYHA I). In heart failure progression, total power as well as the power of all spectral components is progressively reduced. LF and Tot Power are the most prominent parameters for discriminating between the different stages of heart failure. These results could promote HRV as an important decision-making tool in heart failure treatment as well as in monitoring the results of that treatment.

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