scholarly journals The longitudinal and concurrent relationship between caregiver sensitivity and preschool attachment: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245061
Author(s):  
Monica C. O’Neill ◽  
Shaylea Badovinac ◽  
Rebecca Pillai Riddell ◽  
Jean-François Bureau ◽  
Carla Rumeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the concurrent and longitudinal relationship between caregiver sensitivity and preschool attachment measured using the Main and Cassidy (1988) and Cassidy and Marvin (1992) attachment classification systems. This review was pre-registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; Registration Number CRD42017073417) and completed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The present review identified 36 studies made up of 21 samples (N = 3, 847) examining the relationship between caregiver sensitivity and preschool attachment. Eight primary meta-analyses were conducted separately according to the proximity of the assessment of sensitivity to attachment (i.e., concurrent versus longitudinal), operationalization of caregiver sensitivity (i.e., unidimensional versus multidimensional) and attachment categorizations (i.e., secure-insecure versus organized-disorganized). Overall, the meta-analyses revealed higher levels of caregiver sensitivity among caregivers with secure and organized preschoolers, relative to insecure and disorganized preschoolers, respectively. Medium effect sizes (g = .46 to .59) were found for both longitudinal and concurrent associations between caregiver sensitivity and preschool attachment when a unidimensional measure of caregiver sensitivity was employed, compared to small to medium effect sizes (g = .34 to .49) when a multidimensional measure of caregiver sensitivity was employed. Child age at attachment measurement was a significant moderator of the longitudinal association between unidimensional caregiver sensitivity and preschool attachment. Future directions for the literature and clinical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of instantaneous wave-free ratio in patients undergoing coronary revascularisation: protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e017868
Author(s):  
Joey S.W. Kwong ◽  
Sheyu Li ◽  
Wan-Jie Gu ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Coronary Revascularisation ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Collection Form ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionEffective selection of coronary lesions for revascularisation is pivotal in the management of symptoms and adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. Recently, instantaneous ‘wave-free’ ratio (iFR) has been proposed as a new diagnostic index for assessing the severity of coronary stenoses without the need of pharmacological vasodilation. Evidence of the effectiveness of iFR-guided revascularisation is emerging and a systematic review is warranted.Methods and analysisThis is a protocol for a systematic review of randomised controlled trials and controlled observational studies. Electronic sources including MEDLINE via Ovid, Embase, Cochrane databases and ClinicalTrials.gov will be searched for potentially eligible studies investigating the effects of iFR-guided strategy in patients undergoing coronary revascularisation. Studies will be selected against transparent eligibility criteria and data will be extracted using a prestandardised data collection form by two independent authors. Risk of bias in included studies and overall quality of evidence will be assessed using validated methodological tools. Meta-analysis will be performed using the Review Manager software. Our systematic review will be performed according to the guidance from the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required. Results of the systematic review will be disseminated as conference proceedings and peer-reviewed journal publication.Trial registration numberThis protocol is registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), registration number CRD42017065460.

scholarly journals Protocol for a constructivist metasynthesis of qualitative research of heroism and paramedic practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Nigel Rees ◽  
Julia Williams ◽  
Chloe Hogan ◽  
Lauren Smyth ◽  
Thomas Archer
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Social Harm ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Develop Theory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Qualitative Literature

Background: Exceptional demands have been placed on paramedics and other healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. An overwhelming outpouring of public support has unfolded, bringing into focus the relationship between paramedics, other HCWs and society, where they are portrayed as heroes. Scholars have studied the notion of heroism to society, and characteristics of such heroic status include: the voluntary nature of a heroic act, risk of physical or social harm, willingness to accept the consequences of action, acting for the benefit of others and without the expectation of gain. While some HCWs and paramedics may reflect these characteristics, many may not. Such heroic narratives can be damaging, stifling meaningful discussion around limits to duties, failing to acknowledge the importance of reciprocity and potentially imposing demands on paramedics and HCWs to be heroic.Aim: This article prospectively presents the protocol for a metasynthesis which aims to identify, appraise and synthesise the qualitative literature in order to develop theory on heroism and paramedic practice.Methods: Evolved grounded theory methodology is followed along with the procedural guidelines of Noblit and Hare (1988) to guide the analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) have also been adopted when preparing this protocol and will be followed in the study proper. The protocol has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews PROSPERO 2021, registration number CRD42021234851.Results: We do not currently have results, but PRISMA guidelines will be followed when reporting our findings.Conclusion: Current narratives on heroism and paramedic practice are important in terms of the relationship between paramedics and society. The metasynthesis prospectively reported in this article serves as the first point in our journey of making sense of and developing theory on heroism and paramedic practice.

scholarly journals Adolescent Sport Participation and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-218
Author(s):  
Michael J. Panza ◽  
Scott Graupensperger ◽  
Jennifer P. Agans ◽  
Isabelle Doré ◽  
Stewart A. Vella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Organized Sport ◽  
Protective Environment ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Sport may protect against symptoms of mental disorders that are increasingly prevalent among adolescents. This systematic review explores the relationship between adolescent organized sport participation and self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression. From 9,955 records screened, 29 unique articles were selected that included 61 effect sizes and 122,056 participants. Effects were clustered into four categories based on the operationalization of sport involvement: absence or presence of involvement, frequency of involvement, volume of involvement, and duration of participation. Results from the random-effects meta-analyses indicated that symptoms of anxiety and depression were significantly lower among sport-involved adolescents than in those not involved in sport, although this effect size was small in magnitude. Meta-regression was used to identify how age and sex explained heterogeneity in effects. Although these results do not signify a causal effect, they do support theorizing that sport participation during adolescence may be a protective environment against anxiety and depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Does pain influence force steadiness? A protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e042525
Author(s):  
Michail Arvanitidis ◽  
Deborah Falla ◽  
Andy Sanderson ◽  
Eduardo Martinez-Valdes
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Force Steadiness ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionPerforming contractions with minimum force fluctuations is essential for everyday life as reduced force steadiness impacts on the precision of voluntary movements and functional ability. Several studies have investigated the effect of experimental or clinical musculoskeletal pain on force steadiness but with conflicting findings. The aim of this systematic review is to summarise the current literature to determine whether pain, whether it be clinical or experimental, influences force steadiness.Methods and analysisThis protocol for a systematic review was informed and reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Key databases will be searched from inception to 31 August 2020, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL Plus, ZETOC and Web of Science. Grey literature and key journals will be also reviewed. Risk of bias will be assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa tool, and the quality of the cumulative evidence assessed with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines. If homogeneity exists between groups of studies, meta-analysis will be conducted. Otherwise, a narrative synthesis approach and a vote-counting method will be used, while the results will be presented as net increases or decreases of force steadiness.Ethics and disseminationThe findings will be presented at conferences and the review will be also submitted for publication in a refereed journal. No ethical approval was required.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020196479

scholarly journals Examining Psychological Science through Systematic Meta-Method Analysis: A Call for Research

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Elson
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Method Analysis

Research synthesis is based on the assumption that when the same association between constructs is observed repeatedly in a field, the relationship is probably real, even if its exact magnitude can be debated. Yet this probability is not only a function of recurring results, but also of the quality and consistency in the empirical procedures that produced those results and that any meta-analysis necessarily inherits. Standardized protocols in data collection, analysis, and interpretation are important empirical properties, and a healthy sign of a discipline's maturity.This manuscript proposes that meta-analyses as typically applied in psychology benefit from complementing their aggregates of observed effect sizes by systematically examining the standardization of methodology that deterministically produced them. Potential units of analyses are described and two examples are offered to illustrate the benefits of such efforts. Ideally, this synergetic approach emphasizes the role of methods in advancing theory by improving the quality of meta-analytic inferences.

Quality of meta-analyses of non-opioid, pharmacological, perioperative interventions for chronic postsurgical pain: a systematic review

2022 ◽  
pp. rapm-2021-102981
Author(s):  
Rachel H McGregor ◽  
Freda M Warner ◽  
Lukas D Linde ◽  
Jacquelyn J Cragg ◽  
Jill A Osborn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Postsurgical Pain ◽  
Chronic Postsurgical Pain ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundIn an attempt to aggregate observations from clinical trials, several meta-analyses have been published examining the effectiveness of systemic, non-opioid, pharmacological interventions to reduce the incidence of chronic postsurgical pain.ObjectiveTo inform the design and reporting of future studies, the purpose of our study was to examine the quality of these meta-analyses.Evidence reviewWe conducted an electronic literature search in Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Published meta-analyses, from the years 2010 to 2020, examining the effect of perioperative, systemic, non-opioid pharmacological treatments on the incidence of chronic postsurgical pain in adult patients were identified. Data extraction focused on methodological details. Meta-analysis quality was assessed using the A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2) critical appraisal tool.FindingsOur search yielded 17 published studies conducting 58 meta-analyses for gabapentinoids (gabapentin and pregabalin), ketamine, lidocaine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and mexiletine. According to AMSTAR 2, 88.2% of studies (or 15/17) were low or critically low in quality. The most common critical element missing was an analysis of publication bias. Trends indicated an improvement in quality over time and association with journal impact factor.ConclusionsWith few individual trials adequately powered to detect treatment effects, meta-analyses play a crucial role in informing the perioperative management of chronic postsurgical pain. In light of this inherent value and despite a number of attempts, high-quality meta-analyses are still needed.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021230941.

scholarly journals Effect Sizes, Power, and Biases in Intelligence Research: A Meta-Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele B. Nuijten ◽  
Marcel A. L. M. van Assen ◽  
Hilde Augusteijn ◽  
Elise Anne Victoire Crompvoets ◽  
Jelte M. Wicherts
Keyword(s):  
Publication Bias ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Small Study ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Average Effect ◽  
Average Effect Size ◽  
Meta Analyses

In this meta-study, we analyzed 2,442 effect sizes from 131 meta-analyses in intelligence research, published from 1984 to 2014, to estimate the average effect size, median power, and evidence for bias. We found that the average effect size in intelligence research was a Pearson’s correlation of .26, and the median sample size was 60. Furthermore, across primary studies, we found a median power of 11.9% to detect a small effect, 54.5% to detect a medium effect, and 93.9% to detect a large effect. We documented differences in average effect size and median estimated power between different types of in intelligence studies (correlational studies, studies of group differences, experiments, toxicology, and behavior genetics). On average, across all meta-analyses (but not in every meta-analysis), we found evidence for small study effects, potentially indicating publication bias and overestimated effects. We found no differences in small study effects between different study types. We also found no convincing evidence for the decline effect, US effect, or citation bias across meta-analyses. We conclude that intelligence research does show signs of low power and publication bias, but that these problems seem less severe than in many other scientific fields.

scholarly journals Study protocol for the systematic review and meta-analyses of the association between schizophrenia and bone fragility

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e041859
Author(s):  
Behnaz Azimi Manavi ◽  
Amanda L Stuart ◽  
Julie A Pasco ◽  
Jason M Hodge ◽  
Kayla Corney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Bone Fragility ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionIndividuals with schizophrenia are known to be at higher risk of comorbid conditions, both physical and psychological. Osteoporosis is possibly one of these, leading to public health concerns due to higher rates of associated mortality and morbidity. We aim to systematically search all available evidence across electronic databases regarding the relationship between schizophrenia and bone fragility.Methods and analysisA systematic search of the research databases CINAHL, MEDLINE Complete, Embase and PsycINFO will be conducted and identified papers reviewed for eligibility, with a second reviewer confirming inclusions. Searches will be run from database inception to 1 October 2020 and supplemented by the hand checking of references of identified articles. A previously published scoring system will be used for assessing the methodological quality and risk of bias. A meta-analysis is planned.Ethics and disseminationDue to including published literature only, ethical permission will not be necessary. Results of this study will be published in a relevant scientific journal and presented at a conference in the field of interest.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020171959.

Linking attachment to empathy in childhood and adolescence: A multilevel meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110310
Author(s):  
Song Li ◽  
Guangming Ran ◽  
Xu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Avoidant Attachment ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

From promoting cooperation and resource sharing to forming and maintaining harmonious social bonds, empathy plays a key role in everyday life. However, despite the theoretical relevance of attachment to empathy, questions remain about the strength of the association between these two variables in childhood and adolescence. Thus, a series of multilevel meta-analyses were conducted to determine the strength of the relationship between each of the attachment patterns and empathy, and to test potential moderators altering this relationship in individuals aged 0 to 18 years. In total, 159 effect sizes from 50 studies, assessing 66 independent samples, including 29,653 young people, were retrieved by a systematic literature search. The results revealed that secure attachment was positively correlated with empathy, ambivalent attachment was not associated with empathy, and avoidant attachment was negatively related to empathy. In addition, the multivariate analysis showed that the dimension of empathy moderated the relationship between secure attachment and empathy. In sum, the findings of the current study were crucial for understanding the association between attachment and empathy in childhood and adolescence.

scholarly journals VEGFA rs3025039 and biliary atresia susceptibility in Chinese population: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000344
Author(s):  
Shiwei He ◽  
Yifan Yang ◽  
Lingdu Meng ◽  
Gong Chen ◽  
Yanlei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

BackgroundPrevious studies have suggested an association between vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) rs3025039 polymorphism and biliary atresia (BA). However, this conclusion is controversial and there is no published pooled evidence of this association.MethodsThis study was conducted and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews). A thorough search was performed on databases including PubMed, Embase, and Chinese Biomedical Database up to August 2020. This study included 846 cases of BA and 2821 controls concerning VEGFA rs3025039 polymorphism. We selected relevant studies based on the following inclusion criteria: (1) the study design was case–control and cohort and (2) the patients carried standard clinical diagnoses of BA, etc. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) patients with other related diseases, (2) lack of requisite information and (3) duplicate data. The OR (odd ratio) and the corresponding 95% CI (confidence interval) were calculated to estimate the association.ResultsThis study on VEGFA rs3025039 polymorphism in the Chinese population included 846 cases and 2821 controls. The results showed that there was no significant association between rs3025039 and susceptibility to BA under four genetic models. The results of the subgroup analysis were similar to the overall results.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis shows that rs3025039 was not associated with susceptibility to BA in the Chinese population. Further validation may entail additional research.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020203812.

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