scholarly journals Response of oat morphologies, root exudates, and rhizosphere fungal communities to amendments in a saline-alkaline environment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243301
Author(s):  
Peina Lu ◽  
Tony Yang ◽  
Lijun Li ◽  
Baoping Zhao ◽  
Jinghui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acid ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Alkaline Environment ◽  
Oat Cultivars

The application of organic amendments to saline-alkaline soil has been recommended as an agricultural strategy to improve crop productivity and soil health. However, there has been limited research on how organic soil amendment strategies affect the health of oats and their associated rhizosphere fungal communities in saline-alkaline conditions. Thus, the objectives of this study were to understand the effects of oat cultivars with contrasting saline-alkaline tolerances and different amendments on plant morphologies, root exudates (soluble sugars and organic acids), and rhizosphere fungal communities in a saline-alkaline environment. Experiments were conducted on a saline-alkaline tolerant cultivar, Baiyan2, and a saline-alkaline sensitive cultivar, Caoyou1, under four different organic amendment strategies: 1. control (no amendment application), 2. bio-fertilizer application, 3. rotten straw application, and 4. a co-application of bio-fertilizer and rotten straw. Results showed that plant morphological characters of Baiyan2 were better than Caoyou1, and that soluble sugar and organic acid levels in the rhizosphere of Baiyan2 were significantly lower than Caoyou1. Compared to the control, oat root and plant development was significantly improved by the combined bio-fertilizer and rotten straw amendment. Bio-fertilizer application promoted malic and citric acid levels, contributing to a higher total organic acid level, and significantly increased the abundance of Rhizopus arrhizus and decreased the abundance of the fungal pathogens Alternaria, Cladosporium, Sarocladium and Heydenia of Ascomycota in both oat cultivars. All amendment treatments containing rotten straw, except the combined amendment in Baiyan2, significantly increased the relative abundance of Ascomycota (specifically Gibberella, Talaromyces, Fusarium, and Bipolaris) and decreased the relative abundance of R. arrhizus by reducing soluble sugar and organic acid levels. For the combined amendment in Baiyan2, there were no significant changes in Gibberella and Rhizopus between the control and amendment treatment. Our results suggest that co-application of bio-fertilizer and rotten straw, combined with a tolerant oat cultivar, is an effective method to increase crop productivity and enhance soil health in a saline-alkaline environment.

Improvement of plant microbiome using inoculants for agricultural production: a sustainable approach for reducing fertilizer application

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Clement Kyei Sarpong ◽  
Xiaofeng Zhang ◽  
Qili Wang ◽  
Wenjing Wang ◽  
Zameer Hussain Jamali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Microbial Inoculants ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plant Microbiome

The overuse of agrochemicals for agricultural productivity to meet the global food demand of the rapidly growing human population is a great environmental threat, particularly for aquatic ecosystems. Being associated intimately with plant health, growth, and productivity, the plant microbiome is emerging as a promising environmentally friendly and sustainable resource for agricultural productivity. For the past decades, our understanding of the interactions between plants and microorganisms and our knowledge of how to improve the plant microbiome by using microbial inoculants has increased significantly. A better understanding of the impact of the plant microbiome on mineral resources will benefit plant and soil health. In this review, we highlight the importance of microbial inoculants and their interactions with mineral fertilizers in enhancing crop productivity, as well as current challenges.

scholarly journals Impact Assessment on Adoption of Soil Health Cards for Fertilizer Management in Tiruvallur District

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
R. Manimekalai ◽  
V. A. Vijayashanthi ◽  
P. Yogameenakshi ◽  
P. Santhi ◽  
G. Sathish
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Soil Testing ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Land Holdings

Soil Health plays a vital role to ensure agricultural production in a sustainable manner. The basic objective of the soil testing is to provide recommendations to the farmers for the optimum and economic use of fertilizers and better soil management practices to increase agricultural production in their farm. The present study was conducted to analyze the adoption of soil testing and Soil Health Cards for fertilizer management conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Tirur, Tiruvallur district. The data revealed that the number of conduct of awareness and training programmes on soil health management and soil samples analysed (30 nos. to 240 nos.) at KVK Tirur increased from 2012 to 2018. Results indicated that highest percentage of beneficiaries belonged to the middle age group of 36-55 years (48.75%) followed old age (37%).  Most of the farmers were practicing agriculture in Semi Medium (28%) followed by medium land holdings (24%) among the SHC beneficiaries and small (35%) and Marginal land holdings (30%) among non-SHC beneficiaries. It was observed that medium level of knowledge was obtained (48%) by SHC beneficiaries followed by high level (20%) whereas 60% of non-beneficiary was having low level of knowledge on SHC. On an average majority of the SHC beneficiary were lying in the medium adoption level (43%) followed by high adoption category (21%). Reason behind the partial adoption and no adoption might be due to their unawareness on the benefits of optimum fertilizer application. Comparative analysis between adopted beneficiaries and SHC non-beneficiaries on crop productivity in paddy, Greengram Blackgram and groundnut indicated 11.66%, 16.12%, 8.67 and 15.10% increase in productivity over non-beneficiaries.

Nitrogen fixation and crop productivity enhancements codriven by intercrop root exudates and key rhizosphere bacteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng‐Yu Hu ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Min‐Min Hao ◽  
Ya‐Nan Ren ◽  
Meng‐Kun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Rhizosphere Bacteria

scholarly journals Camelina, an ancient oilseed crop actively contributing to the rural renaissance in Europe. A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Zanetti ◽  
Barbara Alberghini ◽  
Ana Marjanović Jeromela ◽  
Nada Grahovac ◽  
Dragana Rajković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
European Farming ◽  
European Agriculture

AbstractPromoting crop diversification in European agriculture is a key pillar of the agroecological transition. Diversifying crops generally enhances crop productivity, quality, soil health and fertility, and resilience to pests and diseases and reduces environmental stresses. Moreover, crop diversification provides an alternative means of enhancing farmers’ income. Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) reemerged in the background of European agriculture approximately three decades ago, when the first studies on this ancient native oilseed species were published. Since then, a considerable number of studies on this species has been carried out in Europe. The main interest in camelina is related to its (1) broad environmental adaptability, (2) low-input requirements, (3) resistance to multiple pests and diseases, and (4) multiple uses in food, feed, and biobased applications. The present article is a comprehensive and critical review of research carried out in Europe (compared with the rest of the world) on camelina in the last three decades, including genetics and breeding, agronomy and cropping systems, and end-uses, with the aim of making camelina an attractive new candidate crop for European farming systems. Furthermore, a critical evaluation of what is still missing to scale camelina up from a promising oilseed to a commonly cultivated crop in Europe is also provided (1) to motivate scientists to promote their studies and (2) to show farmers and end-users the real potential of this interesting species.

Sustainable agriwaste management at farm level through self-reliant farming system

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 753-761
Author(s):  
Sachin Kanta Rautaray ◽  
Rachana Dubey ◽  
Sachidulal Raychaudhuri ◽  
Sanatan Pradhan ◽  
Sheelabhadra Mohanty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Run Off

Annually 500 M t organic wastes are produced in India from the agriculture sector. Transportation of bulky organic manures for centralized collection, processing and distribution to farms is cost prohibitive. Hence, recycling of agricultural wastes using vermicompost technology at the farm level is a practical way of managing agriwaste for meeting the plant nutrient requirement. Our experience with a 1.584 ha farm for three years (2015–2016 to 2017–2018) revealed that 8.1 t vermicompost was produced in three batches from 24 t agriwastes produced within the farm area. The system productivity by recycling these farm generated agriwastes and run-off water was 18.05 t (≈11.4 t ha−1) rice equivalent yield which was higher by 2.6 times as compared to rice fallow (4.46 t ha−1). Also, the net return from this system (Indian rupees 70141 ha−1) was higher by 2.3 times, after considering the fixed cost towards construction of a water recycling pond. An increase in carbon stock in soil for the four years study period was 0.66 Mg ha−1 year−1 with the agriwaste recycling system under organic nutrition. For the inorganic fertilizer plot, the increase in carbon stock was 0.53 Mg ha−1 year−1. A decrease in bulk density from 1.56 to 1.46 Mg m−3, increase in water holding capacity from 0.43 to 0.52 cm3 cm−3 and increase in available P and K content in soil from 38.0 and 174.7 kg ha−1 to 45.8 and 186.5 kg ha−1, respectively, were noted. Thus, recycling of agricultural waste at the farm level is useful in improving soil health and crop productivity.

scholarly journals Soil Health as Influenced by Fertilizer Management in Rice Based Cropping System

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
MM Haque ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MS Rahman ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
MAA Mamun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Soil C

Nutrient management influences soil health and crop productivity. Sustained crop production re-quires specific nutrient management options after a certain period. The objectives of this investigation were to examine the effects of inorganic and organic fertilization on yields and soil carbon budget under rice based cropping patterns in Bangladesh. The research data and informationhave been gen-erated based on previouslypublished, unpublished sources and own concept.Omission of K or im-balanced K are more influential for reduction in grain yield up to 47% in Boro (dry) season but N was most limiting up to 35% in T. Aman (wet) season. With existing fertilizer rates for growing rice, the balances of N and K are always negative. Balanced chemical fertilizer (NPKSZn) can be an option for improving crop productivity and maintain soil quality. Net ecosystem carbon (C) balances are posi-tive when 3 t ha-1 cow dung (CD), 2 t ha-1 poultry manure (PM) and 2 t ha-1 vermicompost (VC) are used in combination with chemical fertilizers. Soil amendments with organic nutrient sources (rice straw, CD, PM, VC, legume crops) and rice based cropping patterns such as T. Aman-Mustard-Boro, Boro-Fallow-Fallow, Jute-T. Aman-Fallow, Wheat-Mungbean-T. Aman, Grass pea- T. Aus-T. Aman and Potato-Boro-T. Aman can be beneficial in improving soil C budget, soil nutrient ratio, total crop production and maintenance of environmental health that will meet SDGs goal. Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (2): 119-131, 2021

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