Fabrication of high-mechanical-resistance Bragg gratings in single-mode optical fibers with continuous-wave ultraviolet laser side exposure

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Varelas ◽  
D. M. Costantini ◽  
H. G. Limberger ◽  
R. P. Salathé
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Bragg Gratings ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Ultraviolet Laser

scholarly journals Continuous wave ultraviolet light-induced fiber Bragg gratings in few- and single-mode microstructured polymer optical fibers

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (24) ◽  
pp. 3296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyriacos Kalli ◽  
Alexander Argyros ◽  
Helen Dobb ◽  
David J. Webb ◽  
Maryanne C.J. Large ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Fiber Bragg Gratings ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Bragg Gratings ◽  
Polymer Optical Fibers

Fabrication of advanced fiber Bragg gratings by use of sequential writing with a continuous-wave ultraviolet laser source

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingemar Petermann ◽  
Bengt Sahlgren ◽  
Sten Helmfrid ◽  
Ari T. Friberg ◽  
Pierre-Yves Fonjallaz
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Fiber Bragg Gratings ◽  
Bragg Gratings ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Ultraviolet Laser

scholarly journals Highly tunable Bragg gratings in single-mode polymer optical fibers

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Xiong ◽  
G.D. Peng ◽  
B. Wu ◽  
P.L. Chu
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Bragg Gratings ◽  
Polymer Optical Fibers

Design Considerations in Reduced-Diameter Single-Mode Optical Fibers

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson K. Chiu ◽  
Gregory H. Ames ◽  
Marilyn J. Berliner
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Design Considerations

A High Speed and Ultra Long-Haul Radio-Over-Fiber System Employing Dual Photoelectric Arms Coherent Modulation and Optical Duo-Binary Coding

2014 ◽  
Vol 988 ◽  
pp. 544-547
Author(s):  
Guang Li
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Fiber Amplifier ◽  
Radio Over Fiber ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Signal Spectrum ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Binary Coding ◽  
Coherent Modulation

A novel high speed and ultra long-haul radio-over-fiber (ROF) system based on Dual Photoelectric Arms Coherent Modulation (DPACM) and Optical Duo-Binary Coding (ODBC) is proposed, and demonstrated. The signal spectrum bandwidth, generated by ODBC based on the first order DPACM, is half of non-return-to-zero (NRZ ) signal spectrum bandwidth. The secondary order DPACM generates a 40-GHz Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) that is transmitted over fiber (ROF). The simulation results show that, the bit rate can be up to 40 Gbps and the transmission distance is over 1500 Km, based on the ROF system with a 0 dBm continuous-wave laser source, multiple stages Er-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), a standard single mode fiber (SSMF) with a dispersion of 17 ps/nm/Km and a attenuation of 0.2 dB/Km.

scholarly journals Sensing, Actuation, and Control of the SmartX Prototype Morphing Wing in the Wind Tunnel

Actuators ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Nakash Nazeer ◽  
Xuerui Wang ◽  
Roger M. Groves
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Fiber Optic Sensor ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Morphing Wing ◽  
Actuator Dynamics

This paper presents a study on trailing edge deflection estimation for the SmartX camber morphing wing demonstrator. This demonstrator integrates the technologies of smart sensing, smart actuation and smart controls using a six module distributed morphing concept. The morphing sequence is brought about by two actuators present at both ends of each of the morphing modules. The deflection estimation is carried out by interrogating optical fibers that are bonded on to the wing’s inner surface. A novel application is demonstrated using this method that utilizes the least amount of sensors for load monitoring purposes. The fiber optic sensor data is used to measure the deflections of the modules in the wind tunnel using a multi-modal fiber optic sensing approach and is compared to the deflections estimated by the actuators. Each module is probed by single-mode optical fibers that contain just four grating sensors and consider both bending and torsional deformations. The fiber optic method in this work combines the principles of hybrid interferometry and FBG spectral sensing. The analysis involves an initial calibration procedure outside the wind tunnel followed by experimental testing in the wind tunnel. This method is shown to experimentally achieve an accuracy of 2.8 mm deflection with an error of 9%. The error sources, including actuator dynamics, random errors, and nonlinear mechanical backlash, are identified and discussed.

scholarly journals Design and analysis of a fiber-optic sensing system for shape reconstruction of a minimally invasive surgical needle

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aizhan Issatayeva ◽  
Aida Amantayeva ◽  
Wilfried Blanc ◽  
Daniele Tosi ◽  
Carlo Molardi
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Spectral Shift ◽  
Shape Reconstruction ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Doped Fibers ◽  
Distributed Measurement

AbstractThis paper presents the performance analysis of the system for real-time reconstruction of the shape of the rigid medical needle used for minimally invasive surgeries. The system is based on four optical fibers glued along the needle at 90 degrees from each other to measure distributed strain along the needle from four different sides. The distributed measurement is achieved by the interrogator which detects the light scattered from each section of the fiber connected to it and calculates the strain exposed to the fiber from the spectral shift of that backscattered light. This working principle has a limitation of discriminating only a single fiber because of the overlap of backscattering light from several fibers. In order to use four sensing fibers, the Scattering-Level Multiplexing (SLMux) methodology is applied. SLMux is based on fibers with different scattering levels: standard single-mode fibers (SMF) and MgO-nanoparticles doped fibers with a 35–40 dB higher scattering power. Doped fibers are used as sensing fibers and SMFs are used to spatially separate one sensing fiber from another by selecting appropriate lengths of SMFs. The system with four fibers allows obtaining two pairs of opposite fibers used to reconstruct the needle shape along two perpendicular axes. The performance analysis is conducted by moving the needle tip from 0 to 1 cm by 0.1 cm to four main directions (corresponding to the locations of fibers) and to four intermediate directions (between neighboring fibers). The system accuracy for small bending (0.1–0.5 cm) is 90$$\%$$ % and for large bending (0.6–1 cm) is approximately 92$$\%$$ % .

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