Basic linguistic theory (review)

Language ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 899-904
Author(s):  
Carol Genetti
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Basic Linguistic Theory

Through space, relations, and thoughts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Felipe Guerrero-Beltran ◽  
Katarzyna I. Wojtylak
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
The Third ◽  
Systematic Description ◽  
Basic Linguistic Theory ◽  
Cross Reference ◽  
Reference Person

Abstract This paper aims to describe the morphosyntax and semantics of postpositions in Karijona, a Cariban language from Northwest Amazonia. The data, collected in the Karijona settlement of Puerto Nare (Colombia), were analyzed according to Basic Linguistic Theory and Cognitive Semantics. Like other Cariban languages, Karijona has a typologically unusual system of postpositions, which can cross-reference person and number, and form complex stems consisting of locative roots and locative suffixes. In terms of their semantics, the system distinguishes among spatial, relational, and ‘mental state’ postpositions. The first type encodes noun classification, orientation, and distance. While the second type has prototypical relational meanings, the third refers to cognitive and emotional states. This paper presents the first systematic description of the Karijona postpositions.

scholarly journals A Grammatical Description of Leteh Nominal Morphology

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-363
Author(s):  
Mercy Akrofi Ansah
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Alternative Analysis ◽  
Bantu Languages ◽  
Form Class ◽  
Number Marking ◽  
Verbal Prefixes ◽  
Nominal Form ◽  
Basic Linguistic Theory ◽  
Nominal Morphology

Abstract: The paper describes Leteh nominal morphology within the framework of Basic Linguistic Theory (Dixon 2010; Dryer 2006). The nominal morphology is described in the context of two phenomena: number marking and noun classification. Leteh is a South-Guan language from the Niger-Congo family of languages. The morphology of Leteh is largely agglutinative. Güldemann and Fiedler (2019) argue that current analyses of gender systems are heavily influenced by those in Bantu languages and not cross-linguistically applicable. They propose an alternative analysis that includes the notions agreement class and nominal form class. In this paper I adopt the notion of nominal form class to classify nouns in Leteh. The nouns are grouped into four major classes based on the plural morphemes that they take. These classes are subdivided based on the singular forms with which they are paired. Key words: verbal prefixes, Kwa, tense/ aspect, negation, person, mood, motion Note: Changes were made to the title and abstract of this article after publication, on 9/20/2021.

scholarly journals Dialek Melayu Baling: Satu Pemerian Awal

Jurnal Bahasa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-216
Author(s):  
Mohd Tarmizi Hasrah ◽  
Mohammad Khairulanwar Abdul Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Basic Linguistic Theory

Berdasarkan fakta, dialek di kawasan pedalaman memiliki sistem linguistik yang berbeza dengan sistem linguistik di kawasan bandar dan pekan. Salah satu dialek di kawasan pedalaman yang ditanggapi memiliki kelainan yang dimaksudkan ialah dialek Melayu yang dituturkan di daerah Baling, Kedah. Artikel ini bertujuan memaparkan pemerian sistem fonologi dialek Melayu tersebut dengan tumpuan terhadap pemerian fonem dan analisis beberapa ciri fonologi bagi mengesahkan dakwaan kelainannya. Pemerian fonem dilakukan berdasarkan kaedah yang ditetapkan dalam Basic Linguistic Theory; manakala analisis ciri fonologi pula dikerjakan dengan menerapkan kerangka dialektologi diakronik yang memfokuskan pemerian, perbandingan dan pengelompokan. Kewujudan konsonan [É£] dan proses fonologi seperti penyatuan nasal BMP *-am kepada [-an], penyatuan diftong BMP *-aw dan *-ay kepada [É”] selain pengekalan BMP *É£ di awal dan di antara vokal dan penggugurannya di akhir yang mengubah nilai vokal sebelumnya jelas menunjukkan bahawa dialek Melayu di Baling memerlukan kelihan yang berbeza daripada tanggapan pengkaji lepas. Kelihan yang dimaksudkan menegaskan bahawa dialek tersebut wajar dianggap sebagai dialek tersendiri yang memerlukan nomenklatur dan pengelompokan baharu daripada hanya sekadar dikelompokkan di bawah subdialek Melayu Kedah. Implikasi penemuan seperti ini secara tidak langsung menolak perspektif umum tentang pengelompokan dialek Melayu Semenanjung yang masih melihat kewujudan dialek tersendiri dalam sesebuah negeri dianggap sebagai "subdialek" kepada dialek negeri berkenaan.

Review of Dixon (2012): Basic Linguistic Theory

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005-1013
Author(s):  
Steffen Haurholm-Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Basic Linguistic Theory

scholarly journals On the Syntactic Status of Edo Ideophones

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (13) ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Edosa James Edionhon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Universal Feature ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Syntactic Status ◽  
Basic Linguistic Theory ◽  
Syntactic Frames

Ideophones are a particular lexical class of expressive words depicting perceptual events or states, and are said to be a universal or near-universal feature of language (Dingemanse, 2012:655; Kilian-Hatz, 2001:163). This paper presents an overview of Ẹdo ideophones to characterize them in terms of their occurrence in grammatical syntactic frames. It investigates what sets them apart within word classes in Ẹdo and how they differ from their non-ideophonic counterparts in sentential constructions. The Basic Linguistic Theory was adopted as the method for data analysis. This was done to show how ideophones manifest syntactically in the language. Ideophones appear in copular frames with some verbs in the language, especially the verb ‘to be’. This paper concludes that Ẹdo ideophones do not occur pre-nominally in the language.

The Arabic Origins of English and Indo-European “Definite Articles”: A Radical Linguistic Theory Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Zaidan Ali Jassem
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
General Level ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Linguistic Change ◽  
European Languages ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definite Articles

This paper traces the Arabic origins or cognates of the “definite articles” in English and Indo-European languages from a radical linguistic (or lexical root) theory perspective. The data comprises the definite articles in English, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Romanian, Latin, Greek, Macedonian, Russian, Polish, Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Persian, and Arabic. The results clearly indicate that five different types of such articles emerged in the data, all of which have true Arabic cognates with the same or similar forms and meanings, whose differences are due to natural and plausible causes and different routes of linguistic change, especially lexical, semantic, or morphological shift. Therefore, the results support the adequacy of the radical linguistic theory according to which, unlike the Family Tree Model or Comparative Method, Arabic, English, German, French, Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit not only belong to the same language family, renamed Eurabian or Urban family, but also are dialects of the same language, with Arabic being their origin all because only it shares the whole cognates with them all and because it has a huge phonetic, morphological, grammatical, and lexical variety. They also manifest fundamental flaws and grave drawbacks which plague English and Indo-European lexicography for ignoring Arabic as an ultimate ancestor and progenitor not only in the treatment of the topic at hand but in all others in general. On a more general level, they also show that there is a radical language from which all human languages stemmed and which has been preserved almost intact in Arabic, thus being the most conservative and productive language

Language and Outer Space

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Laura Carmen Cuțitaru
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
The Way

Abstract The 2016 much acclaimed American sci-fi movie Arrival is based on (what is in reality an extension of) the so-called “Sapir-Whorf” hypothesis, a linguistic theory set forth in the first half of the 20th century, according to which one’s native language dictates the way in which one perceives reality. By taking into account the latest in human knowledge, this paper tries to provide arguments as to why such a claim works wonderfully in fiction, but not in science.

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