Genetic Structure in Contemporary South Tyrolean Isolated Populations Revealed by Analysis of Y-Chromosome, mtDNA, and Alu Polymorphisms

Human Biology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Pichler ◽  
Jakob C. Mueller ◽  
Stefan A. Stefanov ◽  
Alessandro De Grandi ◽  
Claudia Beu Volpato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Isolated Populations

Genetic Structure in Contemporary South Tyrolean Isolated Populations Revealed by Analysis of Y-Chromosome, mtDNA, and Alu Polymorphisms

Human Biology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 875-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Pichler ◽  
Jakob C. Mueller ◽  
Stefan A. Stefanov ◽  
Alessandro De Grandi ◽  
Claudia Beu Volpato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Isolated Populations

scholarly journals Highly restricted dispersal in habitat-forming seaweed may impede natural recovery of disturbed populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florentine Riquet ◽  
Christiane-Arnilda De Kuyper ◽  
Cécile Fauvelot ◽  
Laura Airoldi ◽  
Serge Planes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Mediterranean Ecosystems ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Genetic Connectivity ◽  
Restricted Gene Flow ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Natural Recovery ◽  
Limited Dispersal ◽  
Ecological Importance

AbstractCystoseira sensu lato (Class Phaeophyceae, Order Fucales, Family Sargassaceae) forests play a central role in marine Mediterranean ecosystems. Over the last decades, Cystoseira s.l. suffered from a severe loss as a result of multiple anthropogenic stressors. In particular, Gongolaria barbata has faced multiple human-induced threats, and, despite its ecological importance in structuring rocky communities and hosting a large number of species, the natural recovery of G. barbata depleted populations is uncertain. Here, we used nine microsatellite loci specifically developed for G. barbata to assess the genetic diversity of this species and its genetic connectivity among fifteen sites located in the Ionian, the Adriatic and the Black Seas. In line with strong and significant heterozygosity deficiencies across loci, likely explained by Wahlund effect, high genetic structure was observed among the three seas (ENA corrected FST = 0.355, IC = [0.283, 0.440]), with an estimated dispersal distance per generation smaller than 600 m, both in the Adriatic and Black Sea. This strong genetic structure likely results from restricted gene flow driven by geographic distances and limited dispersal abilities, along with genetic drift within isolated populations. The presence of genetically disconnected populations at small spatial scales (< 10 km) has important implications for the identification of relevant conservation and management measures for G. barbata: each population should be considered as separated evolutionary units with dedicated conservation efforts.

scholarly journals Genetic Structure Analysis of Three Hispanic Populations from Costa Rica, Mexico, and the Southwestern United States Using Y-Chromosome STR Markers and mtDNA Sequences

Human Biology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 551-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca. Campos-Sánchez ◽  
Ramiro. Barrantes ◽  
Sandra Honorato da. Silva ◽  
Michael. Escamilla ◽  
Alfonso. Ontiveros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Southwestern United States ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
Str Markers ◽  
Hispanic Populations ◽  
Y Chromosome Str

scholarly journals Genetic influence on East African running success

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A Scott ◽  
Colin Moran ◽  
Richard H Wilson ◽  
Will H Goodwin ◽  
Yannis P Pitsiladis
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
African Ancestry ◽  
Chromosome Analysis ◽  
Black Athletes ◽  
Distance Running ◽  
East African ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Distance Running Performance ◽  
Adaptation To Training

AbstractEast African athletes now dominate international distance running events from the 800 m to the marathon. Explanations for their phenomenal success have included optimal environmental conditions for developing distance running performance, psychological advantage and advantageous physiological characteristics. It is well established that genetics plays a role in determining inter-individual differences in exercise performance and adaptation to training stimuli. It is not known, however, to what extent inter-population differences (i.e. between ‘races’ and/or ethnic groups) in exercise performance can be attributed to genetics. There have been considerations that ‘black’ athletes are genetically adapted towards performance, given the concurrent success of athletes of West African ancestry in sprint events. However, the current notion of ‘race’ is not universally accepted, and genetic differences within and between populations are not clearly delineated by geographical or ethnic categorizations. Recent findings from mitochondrial DNA show that the populations from which Ethiopian athletes are drawn have not been isolated populations and are not genetically distinct from other Ethiopians. Y-chromosome analysis of the same population shows concurrent results, although some differences are present between athletes and the general Ethiopian population, suggesting an influence of the Y chromosome on athlete status in Ethiopia. It is concluded that there may be a role for genetics in the success of East African athletes; however, any genetic component to their success is unlikely to be limited to East Africans and is more likely to be found in other populations. At present it is unjustified to implicate a role for genetics in the success of East African runners when no genes have been identified as being important to their performance.

scholarly journals Genetic Structure of Cartagena de Indias Population Using Hypervariable Markers of Y Chromosome

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 27-41
Author(s):  
Doris E. G.-Camargo ◽  
Rafael Camacho-Mejorado ◽  
Claudio Gómez-Alegría ◽  
Angelo Alario ◽  
Esther A. H.-Tobías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Cartagena De Indias

Gene Pool of Khakass and Shors for Y Chromosome Markers: Common Components and Tribal Genetic Structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 849-855
Author(s):  
V. N. Kharkov ◽  
L. M. Novikova ◽  
O. V. Shtygasheva ◽  
F. A. Luzina ◽  
I. Yu. Khitrinskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Chromosome Markers ◽  
Common Components

scholarly journals Identification of genetically and oceanographically distinct blooms of jellyfish

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (80) ◽  
pp. 20120920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia L. M. Lee ◽  
Michael N Dawson ◽  
Simon P. Neill ◽  
Peter E. Robins ◽  
Jonathan D. R. Houghton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Significant Genetic Structure ◽  
Jellyfish Blooms ◽  
The Irish Sea ◽  
Scyphozoan Jellyfish ◽  
Regional Processes ◽  
Northeastern Atlantic

Reports of nuisance jellyfish blooms have increased worldwide during the last half-century, but the possible causes remain unclear. A persistent difficulty lies in identifying whether blooms occur owing to local or regional processes. This issue can be resolved, in part, by establishing the geographical scales of connectivity among locations, which may be addressed using genetic analyses and oceanographic modelling. We used landscape genetics and Lagrangian modelling of oceanographic dispersal to explore patterns of connectivity in the scyphozoan jellyfish Rhizostoma octopus , which occurs en masse at locations in the Irish Sea and northeastern Atlantic. We found significant genetic structure distinguishing three populations, with both consistencies and inconsistencies with prevailing physical oceanographic patterns. Our analyses identify locations where blooms occur in apparently geographically isolated populations, locations where blooms may be the source or result of migrants, and a location where blooms do not occur consistently and jellyfish are mostly immigrant. Our interdisciplinary approach thus provides a means to ascertain the geographical origins of jellyfish in outbreaks, which may have wide utility as increased international efforts investigate jellyfish blooms.

Genetic structure of the arboreal squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus and Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) in the North American Black Hills

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1191-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Kiesow ◽  
E.M. Monroe ◽  
H.B. Britten
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Black Hills ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Glaucomys Sabrinus ◽  
Red Squirrel ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Red Squirrels

We selected two isolated mammalian populations, the Black Hills northern flying squirrel ( Glaucomys sabrinus (Shaw, 1801)) and red squirrel ( Tamiasciurus hudsonicus (Erxleben, 1777)), to elucidate their genetic structure. We trapped both squirrels from 2005 to 2007, in three regions of the Black Hills, differing in geology and vegetation, to collect ear samples for genetic analyses. Microsatellite loci (northern flying (9) and red squirrel (13)) were used to examine genetic structure. Data analyses estimated genetic variability, substructure, and gene flow. Northern flying and red squirrel populations have allelic diversity and observed heterozygosity similar to other isolated populations. Each species shows weak substructure from STRUCTURE and GENELAND analyses, suggesting squirrel movements may be inhibited by topography or unsuitable habitat. Recent gene flow estimates from BAYESASS indicate that both species experience some within population gene flow and red squirrels may be more structured than northern flying squirrels because of lower migration rates. Concordant patterns of genetic structure in northern flying and red squirrels indicate that other species’ movements in the Black Hills may be affected by topography and habitat. Because their habitat is isolated in the Black Hills, management practices and conservation measures are recommended to promote viability and survival of each species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document