European Lexicography: Perspectives on Dictionary Research, with Special Reference to the Countries of the European Union

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Reinhard Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
The European Union

scholarly journals Introducing strategic environmental assessment in Serbia with special reference to the European Union directive and infrastructure corridors

Spatium ◽  
2004 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Tijana Crncevic
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Strategic Environmental Assessment ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
Planning And Construction ◽  
The Eu

In July 2001, the European Union (EU) adopted the Directive 2001/42/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 27 June 2001 on the Assessment of the Effects of Certain Plans and Programmes on the Environment, known as the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Directive. The EU countries will have three years, until July 2004, for the integration of the SEA Directive into national laws. The SEA Directive introduces procedural and technical requirements, according to which environmental assessment is compulsory for certain plans and programs but not for policies, except if they are a part of a plan, as well for plans and programs of national defence, civil emergencies, finance and budgets. According to the scope of the SEA Directive, environmental assessment is compulsory for plans and programs for infrastructure corridors ? transport, telecommunication and energy systems. In addition to the overview of the general framework for Strategic Environmental Assessment and the main requirements of the SEA Directive, the current situation in Serbia regarding the present condition of SEA is presented with special reference to the infrastructure corridors. One of the conclusions of this paper is that the main limitation for the implementation of SEA for plans and programs covering infrastructure corridors is the current legal situation. The main law which is supposed to introduce SEA has not been adopted yet, while the scope of the SEA within the new Planning and Construction Act includes SEA only for urban plans and does not cover, among others, plans for infrastructure corridors.

scholarly journals A review of the pre and post COVID–19 State aid rules in the area of R&D&I

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-116
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Gil ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Internal Market ◽  
State Aid ◽  
The European Union

This contribution aims to bring clarity about the existing R&D&I State aid rules, being focused on R&D&I tax incentives as a form of State aid. Even if they may fall into the scope of art. 107(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), a justification for their compatibility with the internal market can be found on art. 107(3) TFEU. Thus, the author explores both the GBER and the R&D&I Framework to determine the criteria for the compatibility of R&D&I tax incentives. Finally, as the Commission has approved temporary State aid rules for R&D related to COVID–19, a special reference to the temporary measures and its relationship with the existing State aid rules in the area of R&D&I will be made.

The Undesirability of Soft Law

1998 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
The European Union

AbstractThis article investigates some of the drawbacks of the notion of soft law, with special reference to the European Union context. The author argues that soft law, useful as it may seem at first sight, is conceptually awkward, and in particular when emanating from administrative authorities may give rise to some undesirable consequences.

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