The Evolution of Surgical Instruments: An Illustrated History from Ancient Times to the Twentieth Century (review)

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Ancient Times

scholarly journals The Storyline of the Traject in the Prose of the Russian Emigration of the First Wave

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-265
Author(s):  
Victoria T. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
World Views ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Heaven And Earth

<p>The purpose of this article is to analyze the storytline of the traject in the works of Russian writers of Russian emigration of the first wave, such as: B.&nbsp;Zaitsev, L.&nbsp;Zurov and E.&nbsp;Chirikov. On the examples of the novels <em>Silence</em> from the autobiographical tetralogy <em>The Journey of Gleb</em> by B.&nbsp;K.&nbsp;Zaitsev and <em>The Ancient Way</em> by L.&nbsp;F.&nbsp;Zurov, the problem of the storyline of the traject in the individually-authorial world views is explored. Analysis of the story by E.&nbsp;Chirikov <em>Between Heaven and Earth</em> allows us to see clearly this situation, embodiedin the genre form of the story. The conducted research helps to make certain of new possibilities of Russian prose of the twentieth century, which is typologically gravitating to the neorealistic type of artistic consciousness, with attention to the ontological spheres of being, to convincing confirmation by the examples presented from ancient times inherent in Russian literature of the <em>paskhal'nost'</em> (Easter character) dominant.<strong><em></em></strong></p>

Epilogue

2021 ◽  
pp. 1249-1278
Author(s):  
Frederick Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
World Order ◽  
Break Point ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Territorial State ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Relationship

“Beyond Empire” asks what studying empires from ancient times to the twentieth century tells us about the world today. Crises in the Middle East and the configuration of Europe, China, Africa, the United States, and elsewhere bear the imprint of trajectories into, through, and out of empire. Instead of assuming the “empire-to-nation-state” narrative, it explores the articulations of empire and nation and makes clear that the relationship was uncertain and contested, even in the mid- and late twentieth century. New empires (USSR, Japan, Nazi Germany) arose even as others collapsed, but World War II constituted a break point for winning as well as defeated empires, creating openings to anti-colonial movements but also enabling Western European powers to imagine a future without needing imperial resources in their rivalry with each other. The independent territorial state was not the only objective of political movements in colonial empires, but in the end national independence was what they could get. The juridical equivalence of post-imperial states has not brought about a stable, equitable, or even predictable world order.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF GEOGRAPHY AS A SCIENCE IN UZBEKISTAN IN THE XX CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
Tolibov Nurbek
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Great Contribution ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Creation

From ancient times the scientists of Central Asia have made a great contribution to the development of geography. In the twentieth century, Uzbekistan experienced its own stage of development. This article analyzes the most important research conducted in the twentieth century for the development of geography in Uzbekistan, the work on the creation of geographical atlases and maps, as well as geographical dictionaries in the country.

The Middle East in World History

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Obert Voll
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle East ◽  
World History ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Other World ◽  
Specific Label ◽  
Broad Region

This article describes the role of the Middle East in world history. The Middle East is both a strategic concept and a geo-cultural region. As a concept and a specific label of identification, it is a product of analysts writing about twentieth-century world affairs. However, as a region, its peoples and cultures are associated with the history of humanity from ancient times. This regional name itself shapes a way of understanding the history of the broad region of Southwestern Asia and Northern Africa. Both of the terms in the name — ‘Middle’ and ‘East’ — identify the region in relationship to other world regions and reflect the importance of the region's involvement in broader global historical processes. Along with examining the history of the region, the discussion also notes how the concepts of the historical units involved in that history have changed in the presentations of the history of the Middle East.

Roman Medicine: Science or Religion?

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 223-252
Author(s):  
Audrey Cruse
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Religious Healing ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Religious Material ◽  
Roman Medicine ◽  
Medical Material

In ancient Greece and Rome magical and religious healing continued to be practised at the same time as a burgeoning of research and learning in the natural sciences was promoting a seemingly more rational and scientific approach to medicine. Was there, then, a dichotomy in medical treatment or was the situation more complex? This paper draws on historical textual sources as well as archaeological research in examining the question in more detail. Some early texts, such as the Egyptian papyri from about 2,600 bc and the Hippocratic Corpus from the third and fourth centuries bc, contain an intriguing mixture of scientific and religious material. Archaeological evidence from, for example, sites of healing sanctuaries from ancient times, show medical prescriptions used as part of votive offerings and religious inscriptions on surgical instruments, while physicians were prominent among donators to shrines. Other archaeological finds such as the contents of rubbish tips, buried hoards, sepulchral deposits and stray artefacts from occupation levels, have also added to the archive of medical material available for discussion. The paper concludes that such intertwinings of religion and science were not only common in Roman medicine but, in fact, continue into the present time.

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