Roman Medicine: Science or Religion?

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 223-252
Author(s):  
Audrey Cruse
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Religious Healing ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Religious Material ◽  
Roman Medicine ◽  
Medical Material

In ancient Greece and Rome magical and religious healing continued to be practised at the same time as a burgeoning of research and learning in the natural sciences was promoting a seemingly more rational and scientific approach to medicine. Was there, then, a dichotomy in medical treatment or was the situation more complex? This paper draws on historical textual sources as well as archaeological research in examining the question in more detail. Some early texts, such as the Egyptian papyri from about 2,600 bc and the Hippocratic Corpus from the third and fourth centuries bc, contain an intriguing mixture of scientific and religious material. Archaeological evidence from, for example, sites of healing sanctuaries from ancient times, show medical prescriptions used as part of votive offerings and religious inscriptions on surgical instruments, while physicians were prominent among donators to shrines. Other archaeological finds such as the contents of rubbish tips, buried hoards, sepulchral deposits and stray artefacts from occupation levels, have also added to the archive of medical material available for discussion. The paper concludes that such intertwinings of religion and science were not only common in Roman medicine but, in fact, continue into the present time.

Zoonoses

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
John S Mackenzie ◽  
David Williams
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogen ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Ancient Mesopotamia ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of papers included in this issue of Microbiology Australia present a broad brush of zoonotic diseases, from those known or described in ancient times such as rabies, first described in the Eshnunna cuneiform law tablets from ancient Mesopotamia dating back to the 18th–19th centuries BC, and glanders, thought to be first described in donkeys by Aristotle in Ancient Greece in 420–450 BC and subsequently by the Romans, to some discovered or recognised as zoonotic within the past 30 years, such as the recently described zoonotic bat-borne pathogens in Australia, and Clostridium difficile, only recently recognised as a zoonotic pathogen. The selection of papers also demonstrates the wide range of zoonotic origins, including arthropod-borne viruses and potentially seafood-borne parasites.

I. The State Health Service in Ancient Greece

1952 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 235-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Woodhead
Keyword(s):  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
The State ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
State Health ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Great Appreciation ◽  
The Church

A State Health Service is not as new an institution as is generally supposed. It existed in the ancient world in Greek lands, and, perhaps in imitation, in the Roman West. While, of course, it cannot be said that the National Health Service of twentieth-century Britain was inspired by the practice of antiquity (which, indeed, was probably unknown to those who created it), the modern scheme constitutes a return to a view of the State which obtained in ancient times. The beneficent activity of the Church and then of privately supported hospitals mitigated the results of the disappearance of the ancient Welfare State. The evidence, scanty as it is, for the Health Service among the Greeks throws light on their attitude towards the proper function of the State as well as on their great appreciation of the skill and activity of the medical profession.

scholarly journals Symbolika i znaczenie konia w kulturze i sztuce na przestrzeni wieków

2020 ◽  
pp. 373-387
Author(s):  
Arleta Witek
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Horse Riding ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Middle Ages

In the ancient times horse riding took over the heart of aristocracy. The horse was considered as a unique creation, which was a representation of noble origin. In ancient Greece, the rider was identified with a warrior. Around the horses appeared a lot of political and social meanings, especially important in the Middle Ages and the early modern period. An important role, that horses used to have in the society, was reflected in the art: painting and sculpture. The Republic of the Nobles was a country that loved horses more than others, gave them new symbols and meanings.

scholarly journals The Main Evolution References of Copyright in Antiquity and the Modern Era

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-231
Author(s):  
Tudor-Vlad Sfârlog
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Modern Era

Abstract The present study integrates into the complex scientific approach of investigating the legal protection of the rights that result from the intellectual creation in the Romanian objective law. In this regard, it analyzes the main evolutionary benchmarks of the protection of intellectual creation from ancient times to the modern era, aiming to highlight the elements of social nature that were the basis of the emergence and development of copyright. At the same time, the scientific approach addresses the issue of the emergence of copyright by combining, through the method of multi-disciplinary scientific research, the legal, social and historical sciences. In the accomplishment of the present scientific approach we used the following scientific research methods: the historical method, the logical method, the deductive-inductive method and the comparative method.

scholarly journals PRINCIPLES OF STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION IN MUSIC AND ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
N.A. Novinskaya ◽  
◽  
A.I. Kuzyakina
Keyword(s):  
Structural Organization ◽  
Golden Ratio ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Central Section ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Music And Architecture ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Architecture And Music

The article explores the basic principles of the structural organisation in music and architecture. We analyze development and transformation of these principles through the various stages of human culture from ancient times to the present. We explore understanding of harmony and aesthetics in different cultures. We review the basic rules of harmony taking the art of ancient Greece and Rome as an example. We review the history of the Golden Ratio and its realisation in practice. The central section gives the calculation of the Golden Ratio in the J. S. Bach`s Chromatic Fantasia in D minor. Finally, we describe the formation and development of the fractal aesthetics and give the examples of fractal art in architecture and music.

scholarly journals Gülen on Nature of Knowledge

Aqlania ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Zenno Noeralamsyah
Keyword(s):  
Ontological Argument ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Science And Faith ◽  
The Universe

P This article aim to explore perspective of Fethulleh Gülen about knowledge. The idea that science and religion coalesce in the structure of the universe has been expressed by Western philosophers, that contributed to the almost complete separation of intellectual and scientific activities from religion. In this view of dualism, science and religion both find their apotheosis and its keeping religion and science separating by an unbridgeable chasm. The ontological argument of the idea of giving birth to materialism, which supposes that the nature of existence based on matter. Associated with this, Fethullah Gülen offers a new typical scientific approach that will fuse scientific knowledge and religious beliefs closely associated with spirituality, reconfigures modern understandings of science and faith to relieve the dichotomous presumption of the reason-revelation divide. He is deeply interested in the problematic of the relationship between religion and science, while he does not reject the modern scientific approach, neither does it deify it. The essence of the philosophical thought of Fethullah Gülen (who was otherwise known simply as Hoca Effendi) is that understanding the religious texts and the creeds of Islam should be performed using sufi interpretation and commentary by transmission, without denying current context. In Gülen’s view, religious belief and scientifical reason should be combined, for they are a single truth with two expressions. Therefore, the unification of physics and metaphysics in the nature of knowledge, fundamental concept of bridging science and spirituality, both traditional and modern influences in Gülen's treatment of science will be analyzed in this article, to examine what nature of knowledge is in accordance with Gülen's worldview.

scholarly journals The original sources of the idea of human rights and freedoms: from Ancient times to the Renaissance.

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
V. KAZATSKYI
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Ancient Rome ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Moment

The article describes that the idea of human rights has ancient roots and is intertwined with the pre-modern doctrines of natural law of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. It is argued that in the context of the historical formation of the ideas of legal regulation of social relations, human rights and freedoms, there are certain connection, logic of succession and the moment of development. The main concepts of the theory of human rights and freedoms are revealed: human, state, right, law. Keywords: human rights, freedom, justice, society, state.

scholarly journals Analysis Study of Parental Choice of Education in The Millenial Era

Nadwa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fauzi ◽  
Rosyadi BR ◽  
Hasan Baharun
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Parental Choice ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Educational Models ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Good Management ◽  
Religious Material ◽  
Library Method

<p>This article discusses parents' choices about the model of Islamic education in the millennial era. This study uses the library method. The results showed that parents had several criteria in determining the choice of educational models in the millennial era, namely a). schools that provide a lot of religious material b). combining religion and science, c). giving reinforcement to monotheism, d). madrasas that have vision, mission with good management. E). madrasas that have the same status as public schools.</p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Abstrak</em></strong></p><p><em>Artikel ini membahas pilihan orang tua tentang model pendidikan Islam di era milenial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orangtua memiliki beberapa kriteria dalam menentukan pilihan model pendidikan di era millennial yaitu a). sekolah yang banyak memberikan materi agama b). mengkombinasikan agama dan sains, c). memberikan penguatan pada tauhid, d). madrasah yang memiliki visi, misi dengan pengelolaan manajemen yang baik. E). madrasah yang memiliki status yang sama dengan sekolah umum </em></p><p><em> </em></p><em><br /></em>

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