Microemulsions as microreactors in physical organic chemistry

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1111-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis García-Río ◽  
J. Ramon Leis ◽  
Juan Carlos Mejuto ◽  
Moisés Pérez-Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Physical Organic Chemistry ◽  
Organic Reaction ◽  
Physical Organic ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Reaction Media

Microemulsions are very versatile reaction media which nowadays find many applications, ranging from nanoparticle templating to preparative organic chemistry. The thermodynamically stable and microheterogeneous nature of microemulsions, used as reaction media, induces drastic changes in the reagent concentrations, and this can be specifically used for tuning the reaction rates. In particular, amphiphilic organic molecules can accumulate and orient at the oil-water interface, inducing regiospecificity in organic reactions. In this review, we will show the recent tendencies of the use of microemulsions as organic reaction media.

Scientific genealogies of physical and mechanistic organic chemists

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1400-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Andraos
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Research Council ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Physical Organic Chemistry ◽  
Organic Reaction ◽  
Canadian Universities ◽  
Physical Organic ◽  
Scientific Ideas

Scientific genealogy trees of scientists who contributed to the study of organic reaction mechanisms over the last century are presented. The trees show doctoral and post-doctoral connections among scientists as well as connections between scientific ideas. Contributions made by scientists working in laboratories at Canadian universities and at the National Research Council of Canada are noted throughout. These trees, covering more than two centuries, are of interest to senior scientists and young students of science alike in understanding the evolution of scientific ideas and in career development for aspiring scientists. Key patterns revealed by these trees pertaining to ideas and discoveries made, how they were made, connections between them, and who made them are also discussed.Key words: reaction mechanisms, physical organic chemistry, scientific genealogies.

Microemulsion Mediated Organic Synthesis and the Possible Reaction Site

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanjit Ghosh ◽  
Barnali Kar ◽  
Soumik Bardhan ◽  
Kaushik Kundu ◽  
Swapan Kumar Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Heterogeneous Systems ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Polar Component ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Reaction Media

Microemulsions (mEs), being thermodynamically stable, single phasic transparent mixtures of oil, water, surfactant ( either individually or in mixed state) and/or co-surfactant, are exemplary and multi dimensional reaction media in organic synthesis. They can act as an alternative of the phase transfer catalysis and influence the rate of the reaction due to the presence of charged carriers (amphiphiles) at the oil/water interface. The regioselectivity of many organic reactions can also be induced by employing mEs as templates. In particular, organic molecules with different degrees of polarity tend to accumulate at the oil/water interface of mEs. Subsequently, they orient themselves at the interface in such a way that the polar component extends into the water domain and the nonpolar component protrudes towards hydrocarbon domain. In view of this, a water-soluble reagent attacks the polar part of the amphiphile, and a reagent soluble in hydrocarbon reacts at the nonpolar part of the amphiphile. Because of this unique feature, use of mEs (or micro heterogeneous systems) as templates for studying organic reactions, have increased manifolds. In this short review, we mainly exemplify (i) mEs as reaction media, (ii) effect of microstructure of mEs on organic transformations and (iii) the most possible reaction location/site in mEs.

Physical organic chemistry in Canada 1900–2005

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1197-1201
Author(s):  
Thomas T Tidwell
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Physical Organic Chemistry ◽  
Organic Reaction ◽  
Physical Organic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Organic Reaction Mechanisms

Some of the history of the development of physical organic chemistry in Canada from the 1920s is presented, including many of the individuals involved, and their major areas of interest.Key words: history of physical organic chemistry in Canada, organic reaction mechanisms, free radicals, kinetics.

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