Gilberto Freyre's Work: Between Urban Morphology and Building Typology - First Approaches

Switzerland boasts a wide production of publications dedicated to its architectural heritage that offer an articulated overview of Swiss architecture from the so-called bourgeois to the rural one. Starting from the monumental study by the philologist Jakob Hunziker (1827-1901) on the Swiss house in its landscape and historical development, two series of books have been written, namely Die Bauernhäuser der Schweiz and Das Bürgerhaus in der Schweiz. The peculiarity of these two series is their method and completeness, the result, among other things, of a careful cultural policy capable of finding and organizing the necessary means. In this context, there are some publications with substantially different approaches to those mentioned above. The fundamental difference lies in the fact that the analyses and descriptions are not limited to the single artefacts but investigate their ways of aggregation, relating the building typology with urban morphology. This is one of the characteristics of La costruzione del territorio nel Canton Ticino by Aldo Rossi, Eraldo Consolascio, and Max Bosshard, published in 1979 by the Fondazione Ticino Nostro. In this publication, there is no solution of continuity between the vernacular buildings and the more “noble” ones, often rather ancient and the result of an extraordinary ability to include and combine elements. The example of La costruzione del territorio was followed by other publications that share its same methods and objectives. Among these, two volumes dated 1983 should be noted; they are dedicated to the villages of Avers and Soglio respectively and both were created by the Department of Architecture of the Technical School of Muttenz. In these publications, renouncing the separation between vernacular buildings and bourgeois houses leads to a more accurate reading of the real size of the settlements, as opposed to the idyllic image of the mountain village consisting exclusively of rural artefacts.

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Modernism against History: Understanding Building Typology and Urban Morphology among Italian Architects in the Twentieth Century

Shapers of Urban Form ◽

10.4324/9781315817064-26 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 243-253

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Urban Morphology ◽

Building Typology

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Building Stock and Building Typology of Kigali, Rwanda

Data ◽

10.3390/data4030105 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 105 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Felix Bachofer ◽

Andreas Braun ◽

Florian Adamietz ◽

Sally Murray ◽

Pablo d’Angelo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Morphology ◽

Aerial Images ◽

Municipal Finance ◽

Building Stock ◽

Object Based Image Analysis ◽

Object Based ◽

The Social ◽

Building Typology ◽

The City ◽

Very High

This study uses very high-resolution Pléiades imagery for the densely built-up central part of the City of Kigali for the year 2015 in order to derive urban morphology data on building footprints, building archetypes and building heights. Aerial images of the study area from 2008–2009 were used in combination with the 2015 dataset to create a change monitoring dataset on a single building basis. A semi-automated approach was chosen which combined an object-based image analysis with an expert-based revision. The result is a geospatial dataset that detects 165,625 buildings for 2008–2009 and 211,458 for 2015. The dataset includes information on the type of changes between the two dates. Analysis of this geospatial dataset can be used for a range of research applications in economics and the social sciences, as well as a range of policy applications in urban planning and municipal finance administration.

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Welcome City: Refugees in Three German Cities

Urban Planning ◽

10.17645/up.v3i4.1668 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 101-115

Author(s):

Hans Joachim Neis ◽

Briana Meier ◽

Tomoki Furukawazono

Keyword(s):

Urban Planning ◽

German Society ◽

Urban Morphology ◽

Host Countries ◽

Urban Architecture ◽

High Expectations ◽

The Social ◽

Building Typology ◽

Angela Merkel ◽

German Cities

Since late 2015, the authors have studied the refugee crisis in Europe. In this article, we analyze local factors that are significant for urban planning to include in an integration plan through case studies in three cities in Germany. We have chosen to study Germany because of the country’s touted Willkommen Kultur (welcome culture), which was prompted in large part by Chancellor Angela Merkel’s “Flüchtlinge Willkommen” (“refugees welcome”) stance. Now, three years after Chancellor Merkel’s declaration to the world, although international and national policies set many parameters for refugee integration, responses to the uncertainty of the situation are fundamentally informed by local contexts. Germany has adopted a policy of distributing refugees to communities throughout the country according to the so-called “Königstein Key”, which sets quotas for each state according to economic capacity. We have selected case study cities and a county that are at different scales and regions: Borken in Hessen (13,500 people), Kassel County (200,000), and Essen, a larger city (600,000). Here we investigate the ways in which German citizens and refugees interact and integrate, with a focus on the social-spatial aspects of refugee experiences and the impacts on urban planning policy, urban morphology, building typology, and pattern language formation. Beyond crisis, we are looking at how refugees can and will try to integrate into their host countries, cities, and neighborhoods and start a new life and how host communities respond to refugee arrival. Urban architecture projects for housing and work opportunities that help the process of integration are part of this study. Particularly, in this article, we investigate the reality on the ground of the positive Willkommen Kultur and the high expectations and implied promises that were set in 2015 by Chancellor Angela Merkel and German society.

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Towards the contemporary city. Reading method of post-unification restructuring of Trastevere in Rome

Proceedings 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age ◽

10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6046 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Giancarlo Salamone

Keyword(s):

Morphological Structure ◽

Urban Morphology ◽

Historic Center ◽

Building Type ◽

Building Typology ◽

Historical Center ◽

The One ◽

Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche ◽

The Right ◽

E Mail

Towards the contemporary city. Reading method of post-unification restructuring of Trastevere in Rome Giancarlo Salamone Dipartimento di Architettura e Progetto. Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”. Roma. via Flaminia, 359. 00196 Roma. Dottorato di Ricerca in Architettura e Costruzione. Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”. Roma. via Antonio Gramsci, 53. 00197 Roma. E-mail: [email protected] Keywords (3-5): Restructuring, Rome, Trastevere, process, reading method, tools, analysis in urban morphology Conference topics and scale: Tools of analysis in urban morphology Trastevere, the only area of the historic center of Rome (together with the Vatican / Borgo complex) located on the right side of the Tiber river, shows a morphological structure that depends on the pre-existing substrate, both road that typological, which was modified during the post-unity period by the establishment of the Tiber fronts and, above all, by the opening of Viale Trastevere. In the way of thinking about urban morphology as a scalar product of the factors that influence each other, in particular building typology, local structure, overall structure and territory, and that contribute together to generate an organism, it is therefore possible to read this part of the historical center as the last product, but not definitive, of a "process". The reading method on the consolidated structure, later renovated in a post-unification era, is based on the analysis of the most abundant building typology and on the permanence and derivations of local typological processes that led to the formulation of the “line house” in nineteenth-century line, the predominant building type of roman expansion in nineteenth-twentieth century. The reading of the restructuring, understood as synchronic action on the historical center, has been implemented instead by the analysis of synchronic variations at “line house” through the research of all projects registered for the edification of each block. Thus we can see how the blocks resulting from the transformation, in the logic of a restructuring "contromaglia" like the one for the opening of Viale Trastevere, will be the result of the disconnection of the existing blocks in which the building type adopted has had to adapt to a lower return situations: a reading of a synchronic action on a diachronic process that gives us the modern morphological apparatus. References Muratori, S., Bollati, R., Bollati, S. and Marinucci, G. (1963) Studi per una operante storia urbana di Roma (Consiglio Nazionale delle ricerche, Roma). Maffei, G. L. and Caniggia, G. (1979) Lettura dell’edilizia di base (Marsilio, Venezia). Maffei, G. L. and Caniggia, G. (1984) Progetto nell’edilizia di base (Marsilio, Venezia). Vaccaro, P. and Ameri, M. (1984) Progetto e realtà nell’edilizia romana dal XVI al XIX secolo (Edizioni Calosci, Cortona). Corsini, M. G. (2001) Il tessuto e l’edilizia progettati in Italia dal 1870 al 1930. Permanenza e derivazioni dei processi tipologici locali (Edizioni Kappa, Roma). Archivio Storico Capitolino, archival sources on restructuring area of Trastevere and permanence and derivations of local typological processes.

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Urban morphology of China in the post-socialist age: Towards a framework for analysis

URBAN DESIGN International ◽

10.1057/palgrave/udi/9000051 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 6 (3/4) ◽

pp. 125-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kai Gu

Keyword(s):

Urban Morphology

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THE ROLE OF URBAN DESIGN IN TOKYO’S SHRINKING PERIPHERAL AREAS: THE CASE OF TAMA NEW TOWN

International Journal of Architectural Research Archnet-IJAR ◽

10.26687/archnet-ijar.v12i1.1344 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 112 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marco Capitanio

Keyword(s):

Urban Design ◽

Spatial Organization ◽

Urban Morphology ◽

Green Water ◽

Physical Factors ◽

New Town ◽

Existing Problems ◽

Population Loss ◽

Local Municipalities ◽

Peripheral Areas

The aging of Japanese society will inevitably restructure Tokyo’s spatial organization in the coming decades. Population loss will manifest itself unevenly, being most dramatic in peripheral areas—where ca. 87% of Greater Tokyo Area’s population lives—triggering a gradual spatial restructuring. Several scholars have tackled this issue from a geographical and planning perspective. From an architect’s viewpoint, such researches build a theoretical foundation upon which a more concrete investigation should be done, since the question of how liveability at the architectural and urban design scale could be tackled remains an open one. This paper focuses on one representative case study: Tama New Town, some 30km west of Tokyo Station. The emphasis is on four liveability factors relating to urban morphology, embedded in a wider socio-economic context: density/compactness, diversity of uses, walkability and green/water space. The significance of the research is threefold. On a theoretical level, we have assessed how urban design physical factors impact liveability in Tokyo’s peripheral areas. On a methodological level, we have tested workable methods that can be used by architects and urban designers to analyze neighborhood liveability in both quantitative and qualitative terms. On a practical level, we have provided new data and information about Tama New Town for the use of local municipalities and groups, suggesting strategies to address existing problems and highlighting potentials to be exploited.

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