Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activity of Stem Bark Extract of Ficus Plat Platyphylla Extraction and Phytochemical Analysis from the Leave of Vernonia Amygdalina (Shuwaka)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

scholarly journals The Ethanolic Stem-Bark Extract of Antrocaryon micraster Inhibits Carrageenan-Induced Pleurisy and Pedal Oedema in Murine Models of Inflammation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie B. Essel ◽  
David D. Obiri ◽  
Newman Osafo ◽  
Aaron O. Antwi ◽  
Babatunde M. Duduyemi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

We investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of a 70% v/v ethanol extract of the stem bark of Antrocaryon micraster on murine models of carrageenan-induced pleurisy and paw oedema. Rat pleural fluid was analysed for volume, protein content, and leucocytes, while lung histology was assessed for damage. Lung tissue homogenates were assayed for glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Phytochemical analysis was carried out on the stem bark. Acute toxicity studies were conducted in rats. In the pleurisy model the extract (30–300 mg/kg) significantly reduced the volume and amount of proteins and leucocytes in the exudate and also protected against lung injury. Tissue level of GSH and SOD and CAT expression were increased while MDA level and MPO activity were reduced. The peak and total oedema responses were significantly suppressed when given both preemptively and curatively in the mice paw oedema test. Saponins, alkaloids, triterpenoids, and tannins were present in the stem bark. A. micraster extract exhibited no apparent acute toxicity. We conclude that the ethanolic stem-bark extract of A. micraster has antioxidant action and exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity through suppression of pleurisy and paw oedema induced with carrageenan.

scholarly journals Hydroethanolic stem bark extract of Vernonia amygdalina Del. (Asteraceae) suppresses yeast-induced pyrexia and Plasmodium berghei malaria in murine models

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 258-264
Author(s):  
Kwarley Quartey Anna ◽  
Jibira Yakubu ◽  
Forkuo-Donkor Arnold ◽  
Ayensu Isaac ◽  
Agyakoma Oduro-Kwarteng Adwoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

scholarly journals ASSESSING THE PHYTOCHEMICAL CONTENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF BITTER LEAF (VERNONIA AMYGDALINA) ON MICRO-ORGANISMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (04) ◽  
pp. 477-483
Author(s):  
Andrew Omachi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Perennial Shrub ◽  
Micro Organisms

Medicinal plants have assumed the basis of traditional medicine and have proven effective in human health care across the world. There is a growing interest in the role of complementary and alternative medicines to treat various illnesses. The continued consumption of antibiotic with little or no impact on bacteria have negatively affected health care delivery. Bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) is a popular shrub belonging to the family Asteraceae and a perennial shrub commonly cultivated as a homestead vegetable and fodder tree in various parts of Nigeria. The current study was conducted to assess the phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of bitter leaf on Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The result of the phytochemical analysis conducted on the root and stem bark of V. amygdalina revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannin, steroids, flavonoids, phenol, and saponins. However, it was found that tannins and phenol were mainly deposited in the plants stem bark.Also, the antimicrobial analysis conducted revealed that S. aureus was more vulnerable to the ethanol, acetone, and hot aqueous extracts of V. amygdalina. while, P. aeruginosa, and C. Albicans showed sensitivity to ethanol and acetone exposure but failed to react to the hot aqueous extracts.The study concludes that the observed biological reactions shown by the aqueous extracts of V. amygdalina corroborate the traditional application of this plant as an alternative antibiotic.

scholarly journals In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Detarium microcarpum (Fabaceae) Stem Bark Extract

Thrita ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Rahana Abdullahi ◽  
Sani Malami ◽  
Lawal Alhassan Bichi
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Detarium Microcarpum ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Background: Malaria is a parasitic infection that is common in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. It is estimated to kill one million individuals annually. Detarium microcarpum (Fabaceae family) is used traditionally for the treatment of malaria, diabetes, hypertension, convulsions, pneumonia, leprosy, and meningitis. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the antiplasmodial potential and safety profile of the methanol extract of D. microcarpum stem bark. Methods: The extract was subjected to phytochemical screening and oral median lethal dose (LD50) estimation. Using curative, suppressive, and prophylactic experimental animal models, antiplasmodial activity was assessed in mice infected with chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei berghei. Biochemical and hematological tests were conducted in rats orally administered with the extract for 28 days. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data, followed by Dunnett's post hoc test. Results: Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, triterpenes, and glycosides were found in the extract through phytochemical analysis. When compared to the negative control group, the extract at the tested doses (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg) showed a significant (P < 0.001) curative, suppressive, and prophylactic effect and significantly (P < 0.001) prolonged the survival time of mice in the treated groups. The extract had an insignificant (P > 0.05) effect on the biochemical and hematological parameters tested. Conclusions: The results suggest that the stem bark extract of D. microcarpum at the doses tested possesses antiplasmodial activity and is relatively safe after short-term use.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidants effects of Methanol Stem Bark Extract of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis in Wister Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Jude Nwaogu ◽  
Babangida Abubakar ◽  
Mustapha Sahabi Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Aim: The aim is to evaluate the antioxidant potentials of Eucalyptus camaldulensis methanol stem bark extract (ECMSBE) on Wister albino rats. Methodology: The phytochemical screening of ECMSBE was conducted using standard methods. A total of 36 albino rats were used for the antioxidant studies. The rats were divided into six (6) groups of six rats. Control group received distilled water orally at 2ml/kg. Oxidative stress was induced in groups 2 to group 6 CCl4 (1ml/kg, s.c) at every 72hrs for 10 days. Group 2 was untreated while groups 3 – 6 received doses of 50, 100, 150 and 200mg/kg of ECMSBE respectively. On the 11th day, the rats were sacrificed and the liver was removed and homogenised and oxidative stress parameters were determined. Results: Phytochemical analysis of ECMSBE revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids and resins. There was no significant difference (P<.05) between the CCl4 induced group and the group treated with ECMSBE (50mg/kg). However, their concentrations were significantly different from the group treated with ECMSBE (100mg/kg – 200mg/kg) when compared to the group treated with CCl4 Only. The CCl4-induced group had its vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E concentrations significant different (P<.05) from the groups treated with ECMSBE (100, 150 and 200mg/kg body weight). There was no significant difference (P>.05) in the levels of SOD, CAT and GPx between the group induced with CCl4 only and the group treated with ECMSBE (50mg/kg), however, it these concentrations were significantly higher (P<.05). The enzymatic antioxidants concentration in the normal control group was not significantly different (P>.05) when compared the group that was treated with ECMSBE (200mg/kg) Conclusion: The result suggest that the extract of E. camaldulensis possessed antioxidant properties which can be used as effective protecting agents against oxidative stress and other diseases.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Study of Oil and Stem Bark Extracts of Pentaclethra Macrophylla Benth on Six Selected Pathogens

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
A. M. Yusuf Babatunde ◽  
L. S. Kasim ◽  
Adegbite A. Ayoade
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Haemolytic Streptococcus ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Oil Extract

The antimicrobial activity of oil and stem bark extracts of pentaclethra macrophylla benth was determined against staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumonia, Eschericia coli, Haemophilus influenza, α-Haemolytic Streptococcus and Yeast, using hole diffusion method. The results revealed that the most inhibitory zone (25.0mm) was recorded in hexane oil extract against staphylococcus aureus and α-Haemolytic Streptococcus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the oil extract ranges between 7.8125-62.5mg/ml on all the test organisms and aqueous stem bark extract inhibited only Eschericia coli with minimum, inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 62.5mg/ml. However, the oil extract possessed more antimicrobial activity than the stem bark extract. These findings lend more knowledge to the use of pentaclethra macrophylla benth for medicinal purposes.  

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