scholarly journals On Sexism in Language and Language Change – The Case of Peninsular Spanish

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedicta Adokarley Lomotey
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Feminine Gender ◽  
Language Reform ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Sexist Language ◽  
Sexism In Language ◽  
Peninsular Spanish ◽  
The Impact

The Spanish language has been described as a sexist language due to the peculiar characteris-tics of its gender morphology. It is indicated by the o ('masculine') and a ('feminine') gender morphemes which generally represent male and female respectively. This has led to an appar-ent confusion between grammatical gender and biological sex. Against this background, this paper attempts to discover the impact of anti-sexist language proposals on the Spanish language by analyzing sample Spanish newspapers. Of the 40 articles analysed from 20 representative newspapers, findings suggest that although some anti-sexist language elements have been adopted, their usage is erratic and the masculine generics are still used extensively. The results suggest that despite the challenges facing language reform at-tempts, the reinforcement of positive language policies is possible.

scholarly journals Language and translation practices of Spanish-language newspapers published in the U.S. borderlands between 1808 and 1930

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Gasca Jiménez ◽  
Maira E. Álvarez ◽  
Sylvia Fernández
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Language Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Hispanic American ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Abstract This article examines the impact of the anglicizing language policies implemented after the annexation of the U.S. borderlands to the United States on language use by describing the language and translation practices of Spanish-language newspapers published in the U.S. borderlands across different sociohistorical periods from 1808 to 1930. Sixty Hispanic-American newspapers (374 issues) from 1808 to 1980 were selected for analysis. Despite aggressive anglicizing legislation that caused a societal shift of language use from Spanish into English in most borderland states after the annexation, the current study suggests that the newspapers resisted assimilation by adhering to the Spanish language in the creation of original content and in translation.

Problems with the Interpretation of the “Slovak Reformation”

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-318
Author(s):  
Eva Kowalská
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Vernacular Language ◽  
Cultural Implications ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Reformation Movement ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Impact

AbstractStructural problems of communities affected by the “Slovak Reformation,” issues with accepting the situation or simply the relationships among various cultural phenomena, like literacy or language policies, are key aspects in studying the impact of the Reformation in Hungary, especially with respect to Slovaks. Information gathered from the Reformation had a direct and long-lasting impact on the formation of vernacular language, as well as on the search for and the construction of an ethnic identity. Searching for evidence left by the Slovak presence in the Reformation movement thus presents challenging though notable problems for Slovak historiography. The confessional division and its political as well as cultural implications have evoked long-lasting discussions among historians as well as politicians. This study focuses on the most relevant issues within these processes.

Linguistic markers of sexism in the Italian media: a case study of ministra and ministro

Corpora ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Formato
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Language Reform ◽  
Linguistic Markers ◽  
Job Titles ◽  
Sexist Language ◽  
Gender Specific

This paper examines the way that the Italian media use language to refer to female ministers in the last three governments. While Italian is a gender-specific language (e.g., a root of the job titles can be followed by either feminine or masculine morphemes, singular and plural), it is common to use masculine forms to refer to and address women. Ministro is one of those cases where masculine forms replace feminine ones – a practice which could be construed as sexist, is only rarely challenged in institutions, and to which attention has only recently been paid in academia ( Fusco, 2012 ; and Robustelli, 2012a , 2012b ). The investigation presented here focusses on how grammar is translated in a way that reproduces women's invisibility in a sexist society. A corpus-based quantitative analysis of feminine and masculine forms of ministr– used in three widely read printed Italian newspapers (Corriere della Sera, Il Resto del Carlino and La Stampa) is undertaken. Newspaper articles were collected in the period 2012–14 to cover the Monti technocratic government (three female ministers), and left-winged Letta (seven female ministers) and part of the Renzi (seven female ministers) political governments. This paper contributes to the literature on language reform and sexist language in traditionally male-inhabited physical and metaphysical (stereotypes, prototypes) spaces such as the institutional public sphere.

The impact of stereotyped perceptions of entrepreneurship and gender-role orientation on Slovak women’s entrepreneurial intentions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Adamus ◽  
Vladimíra Čavojová ◽  
Jakub Šrol
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Gender Role Orientation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Successful Entrepreneurs ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to investigate how congruence between the image of a successful entrepreneur and one’s own gender-role orientation affects entrepreneurial intentions (EI). Design/methodology/approach A total of 552 working-age adults (49.5% women) answered questions on gender-role orientation, perception of a successful entrepreneur, EI, antecedents of EI (perceived behavioural control (PBC), subjective norm (SN), attitude towards entrepreneurship), entrepreneurial self-efficacy and risk aversion. Findings Women reported a lower EI than men, and both male and female participants perceived successful entrepreneurs as masculine. In the final model, biological sex did not predict EIs. Rather, it was associated with the extent to which participants felt they resembled successful entrepreneurs, which, in turn, predicted greater levels of PBC, SNs and attitudes towards entrepreneurship, as well as greater EI. Originality/value The study is one of the first to study joint impacts of biological sex, gender and congruence on EIs.

scholarly journals Linguistic innovation during the COVID-19 pandemic: the Spanish language case

XLinguae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-349
Author(s):  
Anna Zholobova
Keyword(s):  
Royal Academy ◽  
Electronic Version ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
New Normal ◽  
New Words ◽  
Linguistic Innovation ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Impact

The paper contributes to the study of the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has produced and is producing at the present moment on the Spanish language. The impact is, of course, reflected at the lexical level as many new words and expressions have been coined to designate segments of new extralinguistic reality generated by the pandemic and the “new normal”. The article analyses recent “pandemic” updates of the Spanish Royal Academy dictionary electronic version DLE 23.4 and “covidic” neologisms and occasionalisms from semantical and morphological points of view.

On the inconvenient means and ends of participation

2018 ◽  
pp. 51-79
Author(s):  
Sruti Bala
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
International Development ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Participatory Art ◽  
Means And Ends ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Point Of Departure

Chapter II addresses the relationship between participatory art and the concept of ‘impact’. It investigates the assumptions around impact, as well as the methodological challenges of thinking the impact of a work of art. Using the 2012 Spanish language production Afuera: lesbianas en escena (Outside: Lesbians on Stage) by the theatre collective Teatro Siluetas from Guatemala and El Salvador as a point of departure, the chapter reflects on the assessment of impact in relation to the question of participation. It critically engages with the field of evidence-led impact studies in the arts. It situates the debate on the usefulness or non-utility of participatory art in relation to social science scholarship pertaining to the ascendancy of ‘participation’ in the context of international development. It suggests that it is worthwhile extending the kinds of activities considered as relevant to a participatory aesthetic, to thus not only analyse performances as distinct works, but to place them in a longer-term aesthetic continuum with workshops, rehearsals, after-talks, meetings with the artists, and other para-theatrical events. The chapter grapples with the question of how to discuss impact in relation to participatory art without it being mortgaged into a matter of quantifiable impact alone.

scholarly journals The Role of Activating Transcription Factor 4 (ATF4) in the Physiological Response to Dietary Sulfur Amino Acid Restriction (OR27-01-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Jonsson ◽  
Nicholas Margolies ◽  
Emily Mirek ◽  
Thomas Gettys ◽  
Tracy Anthony
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Activating Transcription Factor 4 ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Dietary restriction of the sulfur amino acids (SAAs) improves metabolic health in part via hepatic production of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). Transcriptional control of Fgf21includes regulation by ATF4 during low protein feeding. Therefore, we aimed to determine the impact of Atf4 deletion on FGF21 levels and associated metabolic outcomes in mice fed a SAA restricted diet. Methods Male and female mice lacking Atf4 globally or in hepatocytes only were fed either a SAA restricted diet (0.17% Met, 0% Cys) or a control diet (0.86% Met, 0% Cys) alongside littermate controls for up to 10 wk. Body mass and composition, energy expenditure and intake were measured. Blood and tissues were collected at specific time points. Transcript (RT-qPCR) and protein (ELISA and Western blot) abundances were analyzed by two factor ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis Test, with alpha = 0.05. Results Independent of genotype, SAA restriction attenuated weight gain and reduced adiposity despite increased food intake. Improvements in body weight and composition strongly associated with increased energy expenditure regardless of genotype. Deletion of Atf4 did not prevent hepatic Fgf21 nor circulating FGF21 from increasing during chronic SAA restriction (P < 0.05, effect of diet). However, loss of hepatic Atf4 prevented increased circulating FGF21 at 12 h. Overall, males fed the SAA restricted diet induced hepatic Fgf21and serum FGF21 to a greater degree than females. Other known ATF4 targets in liver such as asparagine synthetase, Asns, showed significant induction in the livers of only intact SAA restricted mice. Conversely, loss of Atf4 exacerbated induction of the pro-apoptotic transcription factor Chop (P < 0.05) by SAA restriction. Conclusions Genetic loss of Atf4 delays but does not impede FGF21 production during dietary SAA restriction. Biological sex is a contributing factor to some of the physiological responses to dietary SAA restriction. Funding Sources DK109714 (TGA) and DK096311 (TWG).

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