Kinetics of mold growth and dry matter loss for hybrid rough rice

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mold Growth ◽  
Dry Matter Loss ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Kinetics Of

Dry Matter Loss for Hybrid Rough Rice Stored Under Reduced-Oxygen Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Griffiths G. Atungulu ◽  
Supriya Thote ◽  
Shantae Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Loss ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Oxygen Conditions

Machine learning algorithms to predict the dry matter loss of stored soybean grains ( Glycine max L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Soares Zeymer ◽  
Felipe Guzzo ◽  
Marcos Eduardo Viana Araujo ◽  
Richard Stephen Gates ◽  
Paulo Cesar Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Dry Matter Loss ◽  
Glycine Max L

scholarly journals Preserving Porphyra umbilicalis and Saccharina latissima as Silages for Ruminant Feeding

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1957
Author(s):  
Margarita Novoa-Garrido ◽  
Carlos Navarro Marcos ◽  
María Dolores Carro Travieso ◽  
Eduarda Molina Alcaide ◽  
Mogens Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Saccharina Latissima ◽  
Porphyra Umbilicalis ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Ruminal Degradability ◽  
Kinetics Of

The study analyzed the characteristics, chemical composition, and in vitro gas production kinetics of Porphyra umbilicalis and Saccharina latissima silages. Each seaweed was ensiled in vacuum bags (three bags/silage) following a 2 × 3 factorial design, with two pre-treatments (unwilted or pre-wilted) and three silage types: unwashed seaweed ensiled without additive; seaweed washed and ensiled without additive; and seaweed washed and ensiled with 4 g of formic acid (FAC) per kg seaweed. Silages were kept for 3 months in darkness at 20 °C. Pre-wilting prevented (p < 0.001) effluent formation and reduced (p ≤ 0.038) the production of NH3-N and volatile fatty acids for both seaweeds. Both pre-wilting and washing increased (p < 0.05) the ruminal degradability of P. umbilicalis silages but not of S. latissima silages. The pH of the FAC-treated silages was below 4.0, but ranged from 4.54 to 6.23 in non FAC-treated silages. DL-lactate concentrations were low (≤23.0 g/kg dry matter) and acetate was the predominant fermentation product, indicating a non-lactic fermentation. The estimated ruminal degradability of the P. umbilicalis and S. latissima silages was as average, 59.9 and 86.1% of that for high-quality rye-grass silages, respectively, indicating a medium-low nutritional value of these seaweed silages for ruminants.

INFLUENCE OF AMMONIATION OF, HIGH-MOISTURE BARLEY ON DIGESTIBILITY, KINETICS OF RUMEN INGESTA TURNOVER, AND MILK PRODUCTION IN DAIRY COWS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. ROBINSON ◽  
J. J. KENNELLY
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Vitamin Supplement ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Key Words Barley ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Pool Sizes

Three dairy cows with large rumen cannulae were fed totally mixed diets twice daily. Diets contained 49% whole crop oat silage, 38.5% high-moisture barley (HMB), and 12.5% protein-mineral-vitamin supplement on a dry matter (DM) basis. HMB had been ammoniated at target levels of 0, 0.65, 1.30, and 1.95 g per 100 g HMB DM. Actual levels achieved were 0, 0.63, 1.30, and 1.95 g ammonia per 100 g. Apparent digestibility of organic matter (OM), neutral detergent (ND) fiber, starch, and N were not significantly influenced by level of ammoniation of HMB, although there was a trend for increased N digestion. Total rumen pool sizes of wet ingesta and DM were not influenced by ammoniation levels of HMB, although proportion of ND fiber in rumen OM declined as level of ammoniation of HMB increased. Milk yield and production of milk protein and lactose increased as level of ammoniation of HMB increased. Data are interpreted to suggest that rumen digestion of dietary nonfiber components declined as level of ammoniation of HMB increased, although digestion of ND fiber was not influenced. These results support the hypothesis that ammoniation of HMB shifted the site of digestion of a portion of the dietary nonfiber component from the rumen to the intestine without influencing rumen microbial pool sizes or degradative activity. Greater energetic efficiency of intestinal digestion of dietary nonfiber components, as level of ammoniation of HMB increased, may have contributed to the increased milk yield. Key words: Barley (high-moisture), ammoniation, dairy cows, digestion

scholarly journals In situ degradability of dry matter and fibrous fraction of sorghum silage

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renê Ferreira Costa ◽  
Daniel Ananias de Assis Pires ◽  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
José Avelino Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Ruminal Degradability ◽  
Sorghum Silage ◽  
Kinetics Of

This study aimed to evaluate in situ degradability and degradation kinetics of DM, NDF and ADF of silage, with or without tannin in the grains. Two isogenic lines of grain sorghum (CMS-XS 114 with tannin and CMS-XS 165 without tannin) and two sorghum hybrids (BR-700 dual purpose with tannin and BR-601 forage without tannin) were ensiled; dried and ground silage samples were placed in nylon bags and introduced through the fistulas. After incubation for 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, bags were taken for subsequent analysis of fibrous fractions. The experimental design was completely randomized with 4 replicates and 4 treatments and means compared by Tukey’s test at 5% probability. As for the DM degradation rate, silage of CMSXS165without tannin was superior. Silages of genotypes BR700 and CMSXS 114 with tannin showed the highest values of indigestible ADF (59.54 and 43.09%). Regarding the NDF, the potential degradation of silage of CMSXS165 line without tannin was superior. Tannin can reduce ruminal degradability of the dry matter and fibrous fractions. 

Neutral detergent fiber concentration of corn silage and rumen inert bulk influences dry matter intake and ruminal digesta kinetics of growing steers2

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 833-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Tjardes ◽  
D. D. Buskirk ◽  
M. S. Allen ◽  
N. K. Ames ◽  
L. D. Bourquin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Kinetics Of

Kinetics of first-cutting regrowth of alfalfa plants and nitrogenase activity in a controlled environment with and without added nitrate

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 2405-2409 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. D. H. Macdowall
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
N Nutrition ◽  
Meliloti Strain ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Reducing Activity ◽  
Acetylene Reducing Activity ◽  
Kinetics Of

Seedlings of Medicago sativa L. cv. Algonquin were grown in vermiculite and nodulated by Rhizobium meliloti strain 102F70 at two lower levels of N, until flowering when the tops were cut off to leave about 10% shoot stubble. Residual shoot dry matter immediately resumed first-order growth and maintained it throughout regrowth to second flowering. The rate constants of shoot regrowth were 34% lower (at 15 mM NO3−), 25% lower (at 1.5 mM NO3− symbiotically), or 220% higher (at zero NO3− symbiotically) than the values for 1 to 4-week-old seedlings, which indicated a radical change in physiology. Root dry matter resumed exponential growth after a 7-day recession and its recovery and yields were independent of N nutrition. The most pronounced minima occurred in the acetylene-reducing activity of nitrogenase, the kinetics of which paralleled root dry matter except that its redevelopment stopped after two-thirds of the regrowth time. The rate coefficient for the redevelopment of nitrogenase activity equalled that for its development during the seedling stage, which suggested unchanged limitations on that process until its redevelopment stopped.

Effects of Rotational Crop Herbicides on Rice (Oryza sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Johnson ◽  
J. Dwayne Beaty ◽  
Diana K. Horton ◽  
Ronald E. Talbert ◽  
Charles B. Guy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Rotational Crop ◽  
One Year

Experiments were conducted from 1989 to 1991 on two silt loam and two clay soils to determine the effect of herbicides applied to the previous crop on growth and yield of rice. All herbicides were applied preplant-incorporated at recommended rates adjusted as needed for soil texture. Rice was planted the following year. Imazaquin, imazethapyr, alachlor, metolachlor, clomazone, trifluralin, and atrazine did not injure rice the year following application. Norflurazon was the only herbicide to injure rice on silt loam soils, with injury at one silt loam location in one of two years. Norflurazon and fluometuron residues caused rice injury on clay soils, and chlorimuron residues caused injury in one year on a day soil. This chlorimuron carryover injury was from August-planted soybean but did not occur from June-planted soybean. Norflurazon, fluometuron, and chlorimuron temporarily reduced rice dry matter early in the season. No herbicide reduced either rough rice or percent head rice yield on any of the soils.

Drying of Rough Rice in Oven: An Experimental Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 365 ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.V. Silva ◽  
E.M.A. Pereira ◽  
T.H.F. Andrade ◽  
Antônio Gilson Barbosa de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Mechanical Movement

This paper aims to present an experimental study of rough rice (BRSMG CONAI cultivar) drying by using a stationary method. The grain was dried in an oven with air mechanical movement under controlled conditions of velocity, temperature and relative humidity. In order to obtain balanced moisture content, the samples studied were kept at 40 and 70°C. Results of the drying and heating kinetics of the grain during the process are shown and analyzed. It was found that higher drying rate and lower time for drying as higher air temperature (70°C) is used. It can be concluded that the reduction of the moisture content of the grain, is considered very complex and, depending on the method and drying conditions, can substantially provokes breaking and cracks, which reduces final product quality.

Phosphorus homoeostasis in grazing breeder cattle

1997 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. TERNOUTH ◽  
D. B. COATES
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Negative Balance ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
P Absorption

The phosphorus (P) balances and 32P kinetics of 15 Droughtmaster heifers were studied in mid and late pregnancy and early and late lactation to compare their P absorption coefficients and their P endogenous faecal losses with those of growing cattle. The heifers continuously grazed three paddocks of tropical pasture for a year to provide a range of P intakes.The daily dry matter (DM) and P intakes of the heifers were generally much higher during lactation (17–26 g DM/kg LW and 11–40 mg P/kg LW) than during pregnancy (10–16 g DM/kg LW and 6–22 mg P/kg LW), due in part to the heifers calving at the beginning of the wet (pasture growing) season. Plasma inorganic P levels decreased as the experiment progressed and were very low (<30 mg/l) in all treatments in late lactation. Milk and milk P secretion were high in early lactation (4·0–5·5 l/day and 12–16 mg P/kg LW per day) so the heifers were in more negative balance during lactation than during pregnancy.The coefficient of P absorption was similar to that previously observed in growing cattle consuming forage diets and it was concluded that 0·75 was the appropriate value to use in the estimation of requirements. Endogenous faecal losses ranged from 7 to 17 mg/kg LW and were related to P intake or DM intake plus plasma inorganic P. Comparison of the regressions with those from the larger data set for growing cattle showed that the endogenous faecal losses were similar and there were no special faecal endogenous losses in breeding cattle.

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