Design, Construction and Lessons Learned from Oklahoma Bioretention Cell Demonstration Project

2015 ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsh Rajvanshi ◽  
Praveen K. Bharti ◽  
Sekh Nisar ◽  
Himanshu Jayswar ◽  
Ashok K. Mishra ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Malaria Elimination Demonstration Project (MEDP) was started as a Public-Private-Partnership between the Indian Council of Medical Research through National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh and Foundation of Disease Elimination and Control of India, which is a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiative of the Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited. The project’s goal was to demonstrate that malaria can be eliminated from a high malaria endemic district along with prevention of re-establishment of malaria and to develop a model for malaria elimination using the lessons learned and knowledge acquired from the demonstration project. Methods The project employed tested protocols of robust surveillance, case management, vector control, and capacity building through continuous evaluation and training.  The model was developed using the learnings from the operational plan, surveillance and case management, monitoring and feedback, entomological investigations and vector control, IEC and capacity building, supply chain management, mobile application (SOCH), and independent reviews of MEDP. Results The MEDP has been operational since April 2017 with field operations from August 2017, and has observed: (1) reduction in indigenous cases of malaria by about 91 %; (2) need for training and capacity building of field staff for diagnosis and treatment of malaria; (3) need for improvement insecticide spraying and for distribution and usage of bed-nets; (4) need for robust surveillance system that captures and documents information on febrile cases, RDT positive individuals, and treatments provided; (5) need for effective supervision of field staff based on advance tour plan; (6) accountability and controls from the highest level to field workers; and (7) need for context-specific IEC. Conclusions Malaria elimination is a high-priority public health goal of the Indian Government with a committed deadline of 2030. In order to achieve this goal, built-in systems of accountability, ownership, effective management, operational, technical, and financial controls will be crucial components for malaria elimination in India. This manuscript presents a model for malaria elimination with district as an operational unit, which may be considered for malaria elimination in India and other countries with similar geography, topography, climate, endemicity, health infrastructure, and socio-economic characteristics.


1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clydette Stulp deGroot ◽  
David Wm. Price ◽  
Bennett Leslie

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha L. Hare ◽  
Carlyn E. Orians ◽  
May G. Kennedy ◽  
Kenneth J. Goodman ◽  
Shyanika Wijesinha ◽  
...  

Individuals from the five sites that participated in the Prevention Marketing Initiative (PMI) Local Site Demonstration Project, an HIV prevention program targeting adolescents, were interviewed in a two-part qualitative case study. This article summarizes lessons learned from 179 community participants on topics ranging from organizing initial planning committees to financially sustaining federal demonstration programs over time. The insights of participants involved in the process may help ensure the success of future Prevention Marketing efforts. Overall, they found the process to be challenging but worthwhile, and felt that the resulting multifaceted HIV prevention programs for young people were successful.


1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Ranzenbach ◽  
Per Andersson ◽  
David Flynn

There are many factors critical to the success of a Whitbread Round The World Race™ campaign. One of the most significant is the design, construction, and selection of an individual leg inventory of offwind sails. As a result of the technical challenges to the experimental and computational analysis of offwind sails, shape development for this class of sails has historically relied upon empirical efforts. An added element for any advanced, state-of-the-art, sail development program is the extensive reliance upon wind tunnel results to guide sail shape improvement and leg inventory selection of offwind sails. Lessons regarding improved offwind sail shapes, construction techniques, use of exotic materials, and sail trim learned or reinforced during the 1997-98 Whitbread Round the World Race sail development program for Swedish Match, are described with particular emphasis placed on the role of wind tunnel testing.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsh Rajvanshi ◽  
Praveen K. Bharti ◽  
Sekh Nisar ◽  
Yashpal Jain ◽  
Himanshu Jayswar ◽  
...  

Abstract Background In the past decade substantial reduction in malaria morbidity and mortality has been observed through well-implemented case management and vector control strategies. India has also achieved a significant reduction in malaria burden in 2018 and has committed to eliminate malaria by 2030. The Mandla Malaria Elimination Demonstration Project (MEDP) was started in 2017 in 1233 villages of District Mandla to demonstrate malaria elimination in a tribal district with hard-to-reach areas was possible using active and passive surveillance, case management, vector control, and targeted information, education and communication campaigns. An operational plan was developed to strengthen the existing surveillance and malaria elimination systems, through fortnightly active case detection to ensure that all cases including those that are introduced into the communities are rapidly identified and treated promptly. The plan also focused on the reduction of human-mosquito contact through the use of Long-Lasting Insecticial Nets (LLINs) and Indoor Residual Spray (IRS). The operational plan was modified in view of the present COVID-19 pandemic by creating systems of assistance for the local administration for COVID-related work while ensuring the operational integrity of malaria elimination efforts. Results The use of MEDP study design and operational plan, with its built-in management control systems, has yielded significant (91%) reduction of indigenous cases of malaria during the period from June 2017 to May 2020. The malaria positivity rate was 0.33% in 2017–18, 0.13% in 2018–19, and 0.06% in 2019–20. Mass screening revealed 0.18% malaria positivity in September–October 2018, followed by 0.06% in June 2019, and 0.03% in December 2019, and these were mostly asymptomatic cases in the community. The project has been able to sustain the gains of the past three years during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion This paper provides the study design and the operational plan for malaria elimination in a high-burden district of Central India, which presented difficulties of hard to reach areas, forest malaria, and complex epidemiology of urban and rural malaria. The lessons learned could be used for malaria elimination efforts in rest of the country and other parts of South Asia with comparable demography and epidemiology.


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