Influence of the Soil Slope and Kinetic Energy of Simulated Precipitation in the Interrill Erosion Process

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. S. Amorim ◽  
D. D. Silva ◽  
F. F. Pruski ◽  
A. T. Matos
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Soil Slope ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Simulated Precipitation ◽  
Interrill Erosion

Impact of near-surface hydraulic gradient on the interrill erosion process

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-614
Author(s):  
Chenfeng Wang ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Yunqi Wang ◽  
Yujie Wang ◽  
Wenlong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Gradient ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Interrill Erosion

Impact of rainfall pattern on interrill erosion process

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1833-1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Jean Steiner ◽  
Fenli Zheng ◽  
Prasanna Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Pattern ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Interrill Erosion

scholarly journals Mass Exchange of Water and Soil on the Soil Surface in the Rainfall Splash Erosion

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Sanxiang ◽  
Zhang Yunxia ◽  
Lei Pengshui
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Mass Exchange ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Terminal Velocity ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Liquid Drops ◽  
Splash Erosion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Soil Interface

This research aims to unfold the mass exchange mechanism of water and soil on the soil surface in the rainfall splash erosion process. We regard the rainfall splash erosion process as a collision process between the raindrop and the soil particle on the soil interface. This recognition allows us to incorporate research approaches from the spring vibrator model, which has been developed for simulating the impact of liquid drops on solid surface. We further argue that because a same set of factors determine the splash amount and infiltration amount and it is relatively simpler to observe the infiltration amount, an investigation into the relationship between the splash amount and infiltration amount would be able to provide a new channel for quantifying the splash erosion. This recognition leads us to examining the relationship between single raindrop, rainfall kinetic energy and splash erosion from both theoretical and empirical angles, with an emphasis on the relationship between the infiltration amount and the splash erosion. Such an investigation would add value to the collective effort to establish mass exchange law in water-soil interface during rainfall splash erosion. It is found that during the rainfall splash process, the splash erosion is proportional to the rainfall kinetic energy; and has a linear relation to the infiltration amount, with the rainfall intensity as one of important parameters and the slope depending on the unit conversation of the infiltration amount and the splash erosion. If the units of two items are same, the slope is the ratio of the soil and water density, and the splash erosion velocity of the rainfall is half of the rainfall terminal velocity. The single raindrop kinetic energy and the splash erosion have a quadratic parabola relation, and the splash velocity is about 1/3 of single raindrop terminal velocity.

scholarly journals Rainfall Parameters Affecting Splash Erosion under Natural Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nives Zambon ◽  
Lisbeth Lolk Johannsen ◽  
Peter Strauss ◽  
Tomas Dostal ◽  
David Zumr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Linear Function ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Total Kinetic Energy ◽  
Rainfall Erosivity ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Splash Erosion ◽  
Natural Rainfall

The interaction between rainfall erosivity parameters and splash erosion is crucial for describing the soil erosion process; however, it is rarely investigated under natural rainfall conditions. In this study, we conducted splash erosion experiments under natural rainfall on three sites in Central Europe. The main goal was to obtain the relationship between splash erosion of the bare soil in seedbed condition and commonly used rainfall erosivity parameters (kinetic energy, intensity, and rainfall erosivity (EI30)). All sites were equipped with a rain gauge and an optical laser disdrometer where the splash erosion was measured, with modified Morgan splash cups. In order to investigate which parameter best describes the splash erosion process for all sites, a regression analysis was performed. In total, 80 splash erosion events were evaluated. Splash erosion can be described as a linear function of total kinetic energy and a non-linear function of EI30. However, the use of the total kinetic energy led to underestimation of the splash erosion rates for highly intensive rainfalls. Therefore, better results were obtained when using average rainfall intensity as the splash erosion predictor or the kinetic energy divided by the rainfall duration. Minor differences between the replicates during splash erosion measurements indicate that the modified Morgan splash cup provides a good tool for soil erosion assessment.

Dependence of the joint configuration on the dynamic immobility fulcrum

2019 ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
A. D. Kozlov ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Convex Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Concave Surface ◽  
Joint Configuration ◽  
Articular Surfaces

Although joints with synovial cavities and articular surfaces are very variable, they all have one common peculiarity. In most cases, one of the articular surfaces is concave, whereas the other one is convex. During the formation of a joint, the epiphysis, which has less kinetic energy during the movements in the joint, forms a convex surface, whereas large kinetic energy forms the epiphysis with a concave surface. Basing on this concept, the analysis of the structure of the joints, allows to determine forces involved into their formation, and to identify the general patterns of the formation of the skeleton.

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