Computational modeling of a conductive cooling system to alleviate heat stress in dairy cows

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario R Mondaca ◽  
Fernando Rojano ◽  
Christopher Y Choi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Cooling System

Continuous Respiration Rate Measurement of Heat-Stressed Dairy Cows and Relation to Environment, Body Temperature, and Lying Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1475-1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian K. Atkins ◽  
Nigel B. Cook ◽  
Mario R. Mondaca ◽  
Christopher Y. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Abstract. This study uses a continuously sampling sensor to document the respiration rate dynamics of lactating dairy cows under conditions of heat stress. Previously available respiration rate data on lactating dairy cows had primarily been generated by manually counting flank movements at discrete points in time, typically several times per day. Continuous measurements provide much higher-resolution data over time. The primary objective of this study was to analyze these continuous respiration rate measurements in relation to ambient conditions, body temperature, lying time, and time of day. Better understanding continuous responses to heat stress may help synchronize cooling system operation to the cows’ need for heat stress relief. For 19 days during a summer season in Wisconsin, eight lactating Holstein cows were equipped with sensors designed to detect the abdominal expansion associated with breathing. An algorithm was developed to derive respiration rate from each sensor’s signal. To validate the accuracy of the sensor and algorithms, measurements from the sensor were compared to respiration rate measurements taken via visual observation. Overall, variation in continuously measured respiration rate corresponded to changes in temperature-humidity index (THI) and body temperature. However, respiration rate and body temperature also remained elevated at night despite decreasing THI. Keywords: Dairy cow, Heat stress, Physiological monitoring, Respiration rate, Telemetry, Wearable.

COMPUTATIONAL MODELING AND ENERGY EVALUATION OF A REAL COOLING SYSTEM OF A REFRIGERATION CHAMBER.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Lobo ◽  
LUIZ ALBERTO SANTOS LEITE ◽  
MANOEL ANTONIO FONSECA COSTA ◽  
Gustavo Rabello dos Anjos
Keyword(s):  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Energy Evaluation

scholarly journals Characterization of Short-Term Heat Stress in Holstein Dairy Cows Using Altered Indicators of Metabolomics, Blood Parameters, Milk MicroRNA-216 and Characteristics

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Jang-Hoon Jo ◽  
Jalil Ghassemi Nejad ◽  
Dong-Qiao Peng ◽  
Hye-Ran Kim ◽  
Sang-Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

This study aims to characterize the influence of short-term heat stress (HS; 4 day) in early lactating Holstein dairy cows, in terms of triggering blood metabolomics and parameters, milk yield and composition, and milk microRNA expression. Eight cows (milk yield = 30 ± 1.5 kg/day, parity = 1.09 ± 0.05) were homogeneously housed in environmentally controlled chambers, assigned into two groups with respect to the temperature humidity index (THI) at two distinct levels: approximately ~71 (low-temperature, low-humidity; LTLH) and ~86 (high-temperature, high-humidity; HTHH). Average feed intake (FI) dropped about 10 kg in the HTHH group, compared with the LTLH group (p = 0.001), whereas water intake was only numerically higher (p = 0.183) in the HTHH group than in the LTLH group. Physiological parameters, including rectal temperature (p = 0.001) and heart rate (p = 0.038), were significantly higher in the HTHH group than in the LTLH group. Plasma cortisol and haptoglobin were higher (p < 0.05) in the HTHH group, compared to the LTLH group. Milk yield, milk fat yield, 3.5% fat-corrected milk (FCM), and energy-corrected milk (ECM) were lower (p < 0.05) in the HTHH group than in the LTLH group. Higher relative expression of milk miRNA-216 was observed in the HTHH group (p < 0.05). Valine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, lactic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, 1,5-anhydro-D-sorbitol, myo-inositol, and urea were decreased (p < 0.05). These results suggest that early lactating cows are more vulnerable to short-term (4 day) high THI levels—that is, HTHH conditions—compared with LTLH, considering the enormous negative effects observed in measured blood metabolomics and parameters, milk yield and compositions, and milk miRNA-216 expression.

Effects of dry period length on milk yield and content and metabolic status of high-producing dairy cows under heat stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Boustan ◽  
V. Vahedi ◽  
M. Abdi Farab ◽  
H. Karami ◽  
R. Seyedsharifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Period Length ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Dry Period

scholarly journals Recent Advances on Early Detection of Heat Strain in Dairy Cows Using Animal-Based Indicators: A Review

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 980
Author(s):  
Hang Shu ◽  
Wensheng Wang ◽  
Leifeng Guo ◽  
Jérôme Bindelle
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Time Measurement ◽  
Heat Strain ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Real Time Measurement

In pursuit of precision livestock farming, the real-time measurement for heat strain-related data has been more and more valued. Efforts have been made recently to use more sensitive physiological indicators with the hope to better inform decision-making in heat abatement in dairy farms. To get an insight into the early detection of heat strain in dairy cows, the present review focuses on the recent efforts developing early detection methods of heat strain in dairy cows based on body temperatures and respiratory dynamics. For every candidate animal-based indicator, state-of-the-art measurement methods and existing thresholds were summarized. Body surface temperature and respiration rate were concluded to be the best early indicators of heat strain due to their high feasibility of measurement and sensitivity to heat stress. Future studies should customize heat strain thresholds according to different internal and external factors that have an impact on the sensitivity to heat stress. Wearable devices are most promising to achieve real-time measurement in practical dairy farms. Combined with internet of things technologies, a comprehensive strategy based on both animal- and environment-based indicators is expected to increase the precision of early detection of heat strain in dairy cows.

scholarly journals Effect of heat stress on milk production and its composition of Holstein Friesian crossbred dairy cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmud Al Reyad ◽  
Md Abid Hasan Sarker ◽  
Md Elias Uddin ◽  
Raihan Habib ◽  
Md Harun Ur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this research was to observe the effect of heat stress on milk yield and milk compositions of Holstein Friesian crossbred (HF) dairy cows. To fulfill the objectives, a total of 9 Holstein Friesian crossbred cows were selected for this study. Green grasses (German, Para) were supplied adlibitum and concentrate feeds (mixture of wheat bran, rice polish, mustard oil cake, di-calcium phosphate and salt) were supplied at the rate of 2.0 kg/day/cow. Management practices for all the cows were similar following the BAU Dairy farm practices. Data were collected on milk yield (l/h/d), relative humidity (%) and barn temperature (0C). The obtained temperature humidity index (THI) of July, August, September and October were 84.95, 81.99, 81.40 and 79.57, respectively. The highest THI was found in July which indicated higher heat stress during this month. A significant difference (p<0.05) in milk yield of cows was found among different months of July to October. The highest milk yield (6.10±0.50 l/h/d) was found in October among observed months. The compositions of milk such as total solids (TS), solids-not-fat (SNF), fat, protein, lactose, and ash also differed significantly (p<0.01). The highest values (%) of TS, SNF, fat, protein, lactose and ash content of milk were found in October as 12.63, 8.80, 3.83, 3.69, 4.39 and 0.72, respectively and lowest values (%) were in July as 12.20, 8.50, 3.71, 3.50, 4.30 and 0.69, respectively due to the high THI value. From these results, it is concluded that heat stress has strong effect on milk yield and milk composition of HF cows in Bangladesh. Management strategies are needed to minimize heat stress and attain optimal dairy animal performance.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2016, 2(2): 190-195

Fertility and hormonal responses to temporary relief of heat stress in lactating dairy cows

1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Wise ◽  
R.E. Rodriguez ◽  
D.V. Armstrong ◽  
J.T. Huber ◽  
F. Wiersma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Hormonal Responses ◽  
Temporary Relief ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

scholarly journals Hot and bothered: Public attitudes towards heat stress and outdoor access for dairy cows

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e0205352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa S. Cardoso ◽  
Marina A. G. von Keyserlingk ◽  
Maria José Hötzel ◽  
Jesse Robbins ◽  
Daniel M. Weary
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Public Attitudes
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