A Simple Method to Measure the Flow Rate and Volume from Tile Drainage Pump Stations

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F Scherer ◽  
Xinhua Jia
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Tile Drainage ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Pump Stations

Preparation and Characterization of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA) Fibers by Electrospinning

2019 ◽  
Vol 811 ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ervin Tri Suryandari ◽  
Muhammad Ali Zulfikar ◽  
Rino R. Mukti ◽  
Muhamad Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Small Pore

Fibers are materials with advantageous properties such as lightweight material properties, has small pore size, and has high surface area, porosity,and permeability. An easy and simple method to prepare fibers is electrospinning. Using this method poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) fibers were prepared. Several parameters include polymer concentration, solution flow rate, the distance of the nozzle tip to the collector, and the applied voltage were investigated to control the morphology, structure, and diameter of PMMA fibers. The Optimal electrospinning conditions for PMMA fibers production were a PMMA concentration is 8% (w/v), a power supply voltage is 20 kV, a distance of the tip of the nozzle to the ground collector is 15 cm, and a flow rate is 0.004 mL/min. The diameter distribution and morphology of the fibers were determined and characterized by Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), which showed that the produced fiber had an average diameter of 1.4925 µm, the contact angle of fiber PMMA is 125.307o and the spreading time of fibers PMMA is about 360 minutes

A simple method for perfusion fixation of avian liver for electron microscopy

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1179-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Bhatnagar ◽  
L. L. David ◽  
Olga Vrablic ◽  
A. Therien ◽  
Andre Blouin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Dense Matrices ◽  
Perfusion Fixation

A simple method and apparatus are described for perfusion fixation of avian liver for electron microscopy. A constant perfusion pressure is maintained at or below a fixed value with the use of a compressed air cylinder and without the use of automatic devices. A hyperosmotic (580–600 mosm) fixative solution containing 4% glutaraldehyde, 0.0005 M CaCl2, and 0.0005 M MgCl2 in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4, buffer osmolality 122 mosm) produced consistent fixation without swelling or undue shrinkage. The cytoplasmic organelles were well preserved; notably, the mitochondria had electron-dense matrices and well-defined cristae. A pressure of 60 mmHg (1 mmHg = 133.322 Pa) maintained by compressed air permits a minimum to maximum flow rate of 14–19 mL∙min−1∙kg body weight−1, and optimum preservations of the architecture of sinusoids.

Flow-driven morphology control in the cobalt–oxalate system

CrystEngComm ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2057-2064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Tóth–Szeles ◽  
Gábor Schuszter ◽  
Ágota Tóth ◽  
Zoltán Kónya ◽  
Dezső Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Density Gradient ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Morphology Control ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
System P ◽  
Cobalt Oxalate

The presence of fluid flow by maintaining the density gradient and controlling the flow rate provides a simple method to modify the microstructure of cobalt oxalate.

Flow at the Centrifugal Pump Impeller Exit With Circumferential Distortion of the Outlet Static Pressure

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon-Sam Hong ◽  
Shin-Hyoung Kang
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Total Pressure ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Flow Angle ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Relative Flow

The effects of circumferential outlet distortion of a centrifugal pump diffuser on the impeller exit flow were investigated. A fence with sinusoidal width variation was installed at the vaneless diffuser exit. The flow field was measured at the impeller exit with and without the fence, using a hot film probe and an unsteady pressure sensor. Flow parameters varied with the circumferential position and the mean flow parameters plotted against the local flow rate at each circumferential position showed loops along the quasi-steady curves, which were obtained from the result without the fence. Simple theoretical calculations were used to predict the velocity components at the impeller exit with the relative flow angle or total pressure assumed. Good result was obtained when the relative flow angle was assumed to vary quasi-steadily, not constant with the local flow rate. The radial velocity was also reasonably predicted when the total pressure was assumed to vary quasi-steadily. A simple method is proposed to predict the impeller exit flow with downstream blockage in two-step sequence: the first step deals with the diffuser alone to obtain static pressure distribution at the diffuser inlet, while the second step deals with the impeller alone to obtain velocity components distribution at the impeller exit.

A simple method for quantifying dissolved nitrous oxide in tile drainage water

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer D. Roper ◽  
David L. Burton ◽  
Ali Madani ◽  
Glenn W. Stratton
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Tile Drainage ◽  
Simple Method

Instantaneous Flow Rate Measurement of Ideal Gases

1996 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Kawashima ◽  
Toshiharu Kagawa ◽  
Toshinori Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Isothermal Condition ◽  
Flow Rate Measurement ◽  
Steel Wool ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Instantaneous Flow ◽  
Ideal Gases ◽  
Instantaneous Flow Rate

In this paper, a chamber called an “Isothermal Chamber” was developed. The isothermal chamber can almost realize isothermal condition due to larger heat transfer area and heat transfer coefficient by stuffing steel wool in it. Using this chamber, a simple method to measure flow rates of ideal gases was developed. As the process during charge or discharge is almost isothermal, instantaneous flow rates charged into or discharged from the chamber can be obtained measuring only pressure in the chamber. The steady and the unsteady flow rate of air were measured by the proposed method, and the effectiveness of the method was demonstrated. [S0022-0434(00)00301-4]

Low-Solidity Tandem-Cascade Diffusers for Wide-Flow-Range Centrifugal Blowers

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasutoshi Senoo ◽  
Hiroshi Hayami ◽  
Hironobu Ueki
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Pressure Recovery ◽  
Vaneless Diffuser ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Small Flow Rate ◽  
Large Flow Rate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Small Flow ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Large Flow

The pressure recovery of a low-solidity circular cascade diffuser of a centrifugal blower was predicted by a simple method combining a theory of circular cascade diffusers and that of vaneless diffusers and it was compared with a series of experiments. Furthermore the stall limit of the diffuser was studied. In order to improve the performance further, a series of tandem-cascade diffusers were tested. In these diffusers, the front row of the cascade was designed for a small flow rate while the rear row of the cascade was designed for a large flow rate so that the tandem cascade would accomplish good pressure recovery in a wide range of flow rate. Experimental results showed that the operating range was as wide as that of a vaneless diffuser and the pressure recovery was excellent at a small flow rate while it was somewhat better than that in a vaneless diffuser at a large flow rate.

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