Distribution of Event Mean Concentration (EMC) of Nitrogen and Phosphorous from a Combined Dairy and Crop Farming Watershed

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.S. Yoon ◽  
A. Shirmohammadi ◽  
H. Montas ◽  
A. Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Event Mean Concentration ◽  
Crop Farming ◽  
Mean Concentration

scholarly journals Determination of NPS Pollutant Unit Loads from Different Landuses

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7193
Author(s):  
Jiyeon Choi ◽  
Baekyung Park ◽  
Jinsun Kim ◽  
Soyoung Lee ◽  
Jichul Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Event Mean Concentration ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Total Phosphorous ◽  
Mean Concentration

This study aimed to estimate pollutant unit loads for different landuses and pollutants that reflected long-term runoff characteristics of nonpoint source (NPS) pollutants and recent environmental changes. During 2008–2014, 2026 rainfall events were monitored. The average values of antecedent dry days, total rainfall, rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, runoff duration, and runoff coefficient for each landuse were 3.8–5.9 d, 35.2–65.0 mm, 2.9–4.1 mm/h, 12.5–20.4 h, 12.4–27.9 h, and 0.24–0.45, respectively. Uplands (UL) exhibited high suspended solids (SS, 606.2 mg/L), total nitrogen (TN, 7.38 mg/L), and total phosphorous (TP, 2.27 mg/L) levels, whereas the runoff coefficient was high in the building sites (BS), with a high impervious surface ratio. The event mean concentration (EMC) for biological oxygen demand (BOD) was the highest in BS (8.0 mg/L), while the EMC was the highest in BS (in the rainfall range <10 mm) and UL and forest land (in the rainfall range >50 mm). The unit loads for BOD (1.49–17.76 kg/km2·d), TN (1.462–10.147 kg/km2·d), TP (0.094–1.435 kg/km2·d), and SS (15.20–327.70 kg/km2·d) were calculated. The findings can be used to manage NPS pollutants and watershed environments and implement relevant associated management systems.

Monitoring efficiency of urban stormwater treatment devices: discrete-sampling vs. diffusive gradient in a thin film technique

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Trowsdale ◽  
G. C. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Event Mean Concentration ◽  
Discrete Sample ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Thin Film Technique ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mean Concentration

Monitoring the hydrochemical efficiency of urban stormwater treatment devices is not straightforward as the traditional, automated, discrete-sample approach is time-consuming and logistically expensive. An alternative monitoring technique, diffusive gradient in thin film (DGT), was tested alongside the traditional approach at an urban stormwater treatment basin. Pb concentrations in runoff were low to negligible, and the basin had little measurable effect. Using log-transformed Event Mean Concentration (EMC) the basin was calculated to reduce the Cu and Zn concentration by 39 and 51% respectively, but high variability meant there was no statistical evidence of a reduction. The DGT measurements not only suggested a higher efficiency for the basin (77% for Cu, 72% for Zn), but were also less variable providing confidence in the result. Simple modelling implied that the concentration in baseflow fluctuated. The cost effectiveness and low variability of the DGT technique may make it suited to the monitoring requirements of the stormwater industry.

Hydrological and environmental assessment of urban growth in a sub-tropical town in India

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 1721-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himanshu Joshi ◽  
Abdul Hameed M. Jawad Al Obaidy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Soil ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Event Mean Concentration ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Metal Pollution Index ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Storm Characteristics ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Mean Concentration

Roorkee, a sub-tropical urban town in India, has shown a rapid unplanned growth in the past. This paper presents the findings of a study of characteristics of urban soil, rainwater, and runoff emanating from different sources areas and the stormwater flows in the drains. Urban soil showed significant increase in the concentration of all constituents in comparison to the nearby rural soil. Soil metal pollution index suggested multi-element contamination. The traffic and transportation system emerged as the major source of metals and organics. Concentration of rainwater ions was observed to follow the pattern Ca2+ &gt; HCO3− &gt; Cl− &gt; NO3− &gt; Na+ &gt; Mg2+ &gt; SO42− &gt; K+. Runoff results indicated a significant enhancement in the concentration of most measured constituents over their rainfall levels. The values of runoff coefficient varied between 0.05 and 0.58, with the high values displayed by the paved areas. Multiple regression equations were developed relating event mean concentration to various storm characteristics. The total load of all measured constituents was observed to vary considerably among the study sites, the direct runoff loads being much higher than the dry weather loads.

Characteristics of the event mean concentration (EMC) from rainfall runoff on an urban highway

2011 ◽  
Vol 159 (4) ◽  
pp. 884-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Young Lee ◽  
Hyoungjun Kim ◽  
Youngjin Kim ◽  
Moo Young Han
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Event Mean Concentration ◽  
Mean Concentration
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