Nitrification Inhibitor and Nitrogen Application Timing Effects on Yields and Nitrate-Nitrogen Concentrations in Subsurface Drainage from a Corn-Soybean Rotation

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Lawlor ◽  
James L. Baker ◽  
Stewart W. Melvin ◽  
Matthew J. Helmers
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Timing Effects

Effects of dicyandiamide (a nitrification inhibitor) on leaching of nitrogen and growth of cereals

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
MG Mason
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Potential Problem ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Matter Production

Dicyandiamide (DCD) was tested as a nitrification inhibitor with urea in 10 field experiments (ammonium nitrate was included in 2 of them) in 3 years on sites where leaching of nitrogen was a potential problem. The investigations included different rates and times of nitrogen application. At 1 site in 1982 and 2 in 1983 the soil was sampled to 30cm throughout the season. Nitrification of ammonium nitrogen was delayed by DCD (applied as a mixture with urea and supplying 10% ofthe nitrogen in the mixture) by up to 30 days compared with untreated urea and reduced the danger of nitrogen leaching. Early sampling at the 1982 site showed increased uptake of ammonium nitrogen and decreased nitrate nitrogen in wheat plants receiving DCD-treated urea compared with those receiving untreated urea. This confirmed that DCD inhibits nitrification. The only significant (P<0.05) grain yield increase from DCD was a 22% increase from an application of nitrogen at sowing on a particularly highly leaching soil. DCD significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) reduced grain yield (7 and 8%) and vegetative yield (1 3 and 9%) at 2 sites. DCD increased vegetative yield by 16% at 1 site (not the same site as the grain yield increase). In 2 of 3 experiments plant dry matter production (up to 11 weeks after sowing) was significantly (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001) reduced (up to 30%) by DCD application. The final value of the use of DCD will depend on the balance between the benefit in preventing nitrogen losses by leaching at a particular site and the harm caused by suppressing early plant growth.

scholarly journals Impacts of nitrogen application timing and cover crop inclusion on subsurface drainage water quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Ruffatti ◽  
Richard T. Roth ◽  
Corey G. Lacey ◽  
Shalamar D. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Application Timing

scholarly journals Study on Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss under an Improved Subsurface Drainage

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao ◽  
Wang ◽  
Guan ◽  
Xu ◽  
Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Loss ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphate ◽  
Reactive Phosphate ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

Agricultural drainage plays an effective role in preventing waterlogging and salinity disasters and also is the main transport pathway for agricultural non-point source pollutants into rivers and lakes. Hence, the water quality of agricultural drainage should be a point of focus. In this paper, nitrogen and phosphorus loss under improved subsurface drainage with different filter materials (gravel, layered sand-gravel, mixed sand-gravel, straw) were studied by a three-year field experiment (2016–2018) compared with the conventional subsurface drainage. The pH values, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus and soluble reactive phosphate were considered. The results showed that the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of drain outflow under improved subsurface drainage with gravel filter were larger than that with layered sand-gravel filter and mixed sand-gravel filter. The improved subsurface drainages with layered sand-gravel filter and mixed sand-gravel filter had an effect on reducing the ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and soluble reactive phosphate concentrations of the outflow. Meanwhile, the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus loss under the improved subsurface drainage with straw filter were different from that with layered sand-gravel filter and mixed sand-gravel filter. For the improved subsurface drainage with layered sand-gravel filter outflow, the ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, and soluble reactive phosphate concentrations were about 13%–78%, 38%–63%, 40%–68% less, and total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen concentrations were 24%–80%,18%–96% more than that under conventional subsurface drainage. Meanwhile, for the improved subsurface drainage with straw filter outflow, compared with conventional subsurface drainage outflow, the percentage changes of the total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and the soluble reactive phosphate concentrations were about −76%–62%, −77%–78%, −152%–−274%, −103%–−400% and −221%–−291%, respectively. Additionally, in the outflow of all subsurface drainage patterns, there were much higher total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen concentrations which should be focused on and the agricultural water management should be adopted.

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