scholarly journals A candidate of predatory phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) for the control of the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi(Koch), (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Japanese apple orchards

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Toyoshima
Keyword(s):  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Predatory Phytoseiid Mites

PREY PREFERENCES OF ADULT AND IMMATURE ZETZELLIA MALI EWING (ACARI: STIGMAEIDAE) AND TYPHLODROMUS CAUDIGLANS SCHUSTER (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE)

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 967-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Clements ◽  
Rudolf Harmsen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
Prey Preferences ◽  
Eriophyid Mites

Effective management of the interactions within the mite community is critical to biological control of economically damaging phytophagous mites such as Panonychus ulmi Koch (Tetranychidae) (Clements and Harmsen 1990). Although much is known about the potential role of phytoseiid mites in controlling P. ulmi (Dover et al. 1979), mites from at least seven other families may be present in apple orchards (Thistlewood 1991). Stigmaeid mites are predators which may play a beneficial role in biological control in conjunction with phytoseiids (Clements and Harmsen 1992). Eriophyid mites are phytophagous but seldom cause economic damage, and may compete with tetranychids and provide alternative food for predators of tetranychids (Croft and Hoying 1977).

THE INFLUENCE OF SPRAY PROGRAMS ON THE FAUNA OF APPLE ORCHARDS IN NOVA SCOTIA: XX. TRENDS AFTER ALTERING LEVELS OF PHYTOPHAGOUS MITES OR PREDATORS

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Sanford ◽  
H. J. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Typhlodromus Pyri ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Predacious Species

AbstractUtilizing the knowledge of their direct effects, the materials ryania, carbaryl, and Animert V-101 applied to a uniformly distributed population of the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), altered the populations in plots in an apple orchard. Trends after treatment in both host mite and predator populations were assessed. Supplementary applications of the acaricides Animert V-101 or dicofol directed against certain generations of P. ulmi controlled outbreaks and altered the faunal levels during the following season. Ryania was largely innocuous to most species of predators with the exception of Atractotomus mali (Meyer) and Diaphnocoris spp., carbaryl was detrimental to most predacious species, and Animert V-101, while selectively toxic to phytophagous mites, was innocuous to all predacious insects and Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten.Phytophagous mite populations may be altered to almost prescribed levels with pesticides when the predator populations are known. This allows selective chemicals to be used to complement the predator effect and maintain red mites below the threshold of damage.

Effects of Increasing the Nitrogen Level of Apple Leaves on Mite and Predator Populations

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 924-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Lord ◽  
D. K. R. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Population Balance ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Predacious Species

Prior to 1950 the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi Koch, was a major pest in Nova Scotia apple orchards, and brown mite, Bryobia arborea M. and A., was practically non-existent. Lord (1949), showed that the sulphur fungicides, commonly in use up to that time, were detrimental to some of the predacious species and toxic to the brown mite. After 1950 red mite populations became negligible and, although the brown mites increased, they did not become sufficiently abundant to cause economic damage. This shift of population balance in Nova kotia orchards has been attributed to the gradual replacement of sulphur and other detrimental materials by pesticides less harmful to predators of the mites (Pickett 1953).

THE EGG AND OVIPOSITION SITE OF DERAEOCORIS NEBULOSUS (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE) ON APPLE TREES

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. McCaffrey ◽  
R. L. Horsburgh
Keyword(s):  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Oviposition Site ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Ornamental Trees ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Oviposition Sites

The predaceous mirid Deraeocoris nebulosus (Uhler) is found on more than 50 species of ornamental trees and shrubs where it feeds on several important pest species (Wheeler et al. 1975). It is a common mite and aphid predator in commercial apple orchards in Virginia (Parrella et al. 1978). Wheeler et al. (1975) described the nymphal stages and biology, but made no mention of the egg or oviposition site. We describe the egg and oviposition site which we discovered while studying various predators of the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), in Virginia apple orchards. Eggs and oviposition sites of other predaceous mirids associated with apple have been described (Kullenberg 1942; Collyer 1952, 1953; Sanford 1964; Horsburgh and Asquith 1968, 1970).

RELATIVE DENSITIES OF PREDACIOUS AND PHYTOPHAGOUS MITES ON THREE VARIETIES OF APPLE TREES

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 738-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Downing ◽  
T. K. Moilliet
Keyword(s):  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
External Structure ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Metaseiulus Occidentalis

AbstractIn two well-kept but nonsprayed orchards, the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), was more numerous and caused more leaf damage to Delicious than to Spartan or McIntosh apple trees. The predacious phytoseiid mites, Metaseiulus occidentalis (Nesbitt) and Neoseiulus caudiglans (Schuster), were more numerous on both Spartan and McIntosh than on Delicious. The differences in the external structure of the leaves may be the reason for the greater abundance of phytoseiids on Spartan and McIntosh.

SEX RATIO OF THE EUROPEAN RED MITE, PANONYCHUS ULMI (ACARINA: TETRANYCHIDAE), IN APPLE ORCHARDS IN NOVA SCOTIA

1975 ◽  
Vol 107 (8) ◽  
pp. 825-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Herbert ◽  
K. P. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThe number of male and female first generation Panonychus ulmi (Koch) were recorded from 13 apple orchards representing widely different levels of mite infestation on four different varieties. The average percentage of males was 27.5. Statistically significant differences were found among orchards, varieties, observers, and their interactions. No relationship between sex ratio and population density was evident.

PREDATORY BEHAVIOR AND PREY-STAGE PREFERENCES OF STIGMAEID AND PHYTOSEIID MITES AND THEIR POTENTIAL COMPATIBILITY IN BIOLOGICAL CONTROL

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Clements ◽  
Rudolf Harmsen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Predatory Behavior ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Prey Stage Preference ◽  
Mite Eggs

AbstractAlthough the role of phytoseiid mites as predators of the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), on apple is well established, the role of another family of European red mite predators, the stigmaeids, is not as clearly understood. We compared predatory behavior and prey-stage preferences of the stigmaeid Zetzellia mali (Ewing) and the phytoseiid Typhlodromus caudiglans (Schuster) in the laboratory. The only predator–predator interaction we found to be potentially important was consumption of phytoseiid eggs by stigmaeids. Given a choice of equal numbers of both European red mite eggs and phytoseiid eggs, Z. mali consumed 38% phytoseiid eggs. Eggs and quiescent larval stages of European red mite were preferred by Z. mali, but active larval stages also were consumed. By contrast T. caudiglans preferred active forms to quiescent forms and eggs, and was able to consume adult forms. Although Z. mali was found to be slower, less active, and less voracious than T. caudiglans, Z. mali produced more eggs for a given number of prey consumed than did T. caudiglans. These behavioral and prey-stage preference differences should enable phytoseiids and stigmaeids to be compatible in the short term (within one generation).

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