scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis and Anticancer Activity of Seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa against Colorectal HCT-116 Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 1257-1262
Author(s):  
Kartika Dwi Kurniasari ◽  
Ade Arsianti ◽  
Yully Astika Nugrahayning Aziza ◽  
Baiq Kirana Dyahningrum Mandasari ◽  
Riathul Masita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Gracilaria Verrucosa ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Cancer Agent ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Hct 116 Cells ◽  
Tlc Analysis

In this research, we develop Indonesia marine resource of seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa as an anti-colorectal cancer agent. Seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa which was collected from east Lombok beach, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia, were extracted into four different organic solvents, that is n-hexane, ethylacetate, chloroform and ethanol. The extracts were analyzed by Phytochemical test and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Subsequently, anticancer activity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform and ethanol extracts of Gracilaria verrucosa were evaluated against colorectal HCT-116 cells by MTT cell proliferation assay. Based on Phytochemical analysis, the extracts of Gracilaria verrucosa containing secondary metabolite of saponin, while TLC analysis indicated that the extracts were composed by five chemical compounds. Among four concentrated extracts of Gracilariaverrucosa, ethanolic extract showed the strongest anticancer activity against colorectal HCT-116 cells with IC50 of 43.9 μg/mL.Ethanolic extract of seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa is potential to be further developed as a promising anti-colorectal cancer agents.

Phytochemical analysis and anticancer activity of seaweed Eucheuma Sp. against colon HCT-116 cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Aya Maheswari Subroto ◽  
Ade Arsianti ◽  
Trivani Putri ◽  
Elvira Lesmana
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Hct 116 Cells

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF SEAWEEDS ULVA LACTUCA AND EUCHEUMA COTTONII AGAINST BREAST MCF-7 AND COLON HCT-116 CELLS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ade Arsianti Arsianti ◽  
Fadilah Fadilah ◽  
Kusmardi Suid ◽  
Fatmawaty Yazid ◽  
Lies Kurniati Wibisono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Positive Result ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Ulva Lactuca ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Hct 116 Cells ◽  
Eucheuma Cottonii ◽  
Mcf 7

Objective: this study is aimed to develop marine resources which is focused on the determination of  phytochemical composition and exploration of seaweeds Ulva Lactuca and Eucheuma cotonii, as a potential  anti-breast cancer and anti-colorectal cancer agents. Methods: Seaweeds Ulva Lactuca collected from Parangtritis beach, Yogyakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Whereas Eucheuma cottonii collected from Salemo island, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Seaweeds U. lactuca and E. cottonii were macerated in organic solvents, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol, respectively. After maceration for three days, the mixture was filtered, the filtrate was concentrated by rotary evaporator. The concentrated extract of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and chloroform were then analyzed by thin layer chromatography. Phytochemical test of the concentrated extract were conducted to identify the metabolites containing in the seaweeds. Furthermore, the cytotoxic activity of the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and chloroform extract of Ulva Lactuca and Eucheuma cotonii were evaluated as a growth inhibitor of breast MCF-7 and colorectal HCT-116 cancer cells by MTT cell proliferation assay. Results: Phytochemical test  for the  concentrated extracts of Ulva Lactuca showed the positive result for metabolites of  steroids, glycosides, flavonoid,and tannin. While  the concentrated extracts of E. cottonii showed positive result for metabolites of steroids, glycosides, and flavonoid. Both concentrated extracts of Ulva lactuca and Eucheuma cotonii exhibited anticancer activity against breast MCF-7 and colorectal HCT-116 cells with IC50 ranging of  21 µg/mL  to  99 µg/mL . Conclusion: Our results clearly demonstrate seaweeds Ulva Lactuca and Eucheuma cotonii as a promising candidates for the  new anti-breast and anti-colorectal cancer agents. Keywords: Phytochemistry, Ulva Lactuca, Eucheuma cotonii , anticancer, breast MCF-7, colorectal HCT-116

scholarly journals Effects of radiofrequency radiation on colorectal cancer cell proliferation and inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elcin Ozgur ◽  
Handan Kayhan ◽  
Gorkem Kismali ◽  
Fatih Senturk ◽  
Merve Sensoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell ◽  
Radiofrequency Radiation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Intermittent Exposure ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Hct 116 Cells

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) on apoptosis, proliferation, stress response, and inflammation markers in colorectal cancer cells. Methods We tested the effects of intermittent exposure to RFR at different frequencies on two different colorectal cancer cell lines; HCT-116 and DLD-1. Protein levels were subsequently analyzed by ELISA. Results RFR led to a decrease in P53, p-P53, p-P38, and p-IkB levels in HCT-116 cells, while leading to an increase in BAD, p-BAD, p-STAT3,NF-κB levels. Two thousand one hundred Megahertz of RFR altered the P53, BAD, and NF-ΚB expression in HCT-116 cells. P53, p-P53, BAD, p-BAD, NF-κB, p-NF-κB, p-P38, p-SAPK/JNK, p-STAT3, and p-IkB levels increased after exposure to RFR at 900 and 2,100 MHz in DLD-1 cells. Unlike HCT-116 cells, 1,800 MHz of RFR was reported to have no effect on DLD1 cells. Conclusions RFR increased apoptosis and inflammatory response in HCT116 cells, while lowering the active P38 and active P53 levels, which are indicators of poor prognosis in several cancers. Genetic differences, such as P53 mutation (DLD-1), are critical to the cell response to RFR, which explains the reason why scientific studies on the effects of RFR yield contradictory results.

Photodynamic Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Using Chlorin e6-Loaded Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)- Based Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1939-1950
Author(s):  
Beibei Lin ◽  
Xuegu Xu ◽  
Xiaobi Zhang ◽  
Yinfei Yu ◽  
Xiaoling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Plga Nanoparticles ◽  
Chlorin E6 ◽  
Photodynamic Treatment ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Hct 116 Cells ◽  
The Stability

We prepared poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) encapsulated with chlorin e6 (Ce6) in an effort to increase the stability and efficiency of photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT). We determined that Ce6-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (PLGA-Ce6 NPs) had drug-loading efficiency of 5%. The efficiency of encapsulation was 82%, the zeta potential was- 25 mV, and the average diameter was 130 nm. The encapsulation of Ce6 in PLGA nanoparticles showed excellent stability. The nanoparticles exhibited sustained Ce6 release profiles with 50% released at the end of 3 days, whereas free Ce6 showed rapid release within 1 day. Ce6 release patterns were controlled by encapsulation into PLGA. The uptake of PLGA-Ce6 NPs was significantly enhanced by endocytosis in the first 8 hours in the HCT-116 cell line. An intracellular reactive oxygen species assay revealed the enhanced uptake of the nanoparticles. An in vitro anti-tumor activity assay showed that the PLGA-Ce6 NPs exhibited enhanced phototoxicity toward HCT-116 cells and a slightly lower IC50 value in HCT-116 cells than Ce6 solution alone. Exposure of HCT-116 cell spheroids to PLGA-Ce6 NPs penetrated more profoundly and had better phototoxicity than pure drugs. These findings suggest that PLGA-Ce6 NPs might serve as PDT for colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals The Combination of Zerumbone and 5-FU: A Significant Therapeutic Strategy in Sensitizing Colorectal Cancer Cells to Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Razieh Dehghan ◽  
Fatemeh Bahreini ◽  
Rezvan Najafi ◽  
Massoud Saidijam ◽  
Razieh Amini
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Inhibitory Function ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Hct 116 Cells

Objectives. Chemotherapy is considered to be essential in the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), but drug resistance reduces its efficacy. Many patients with advanced CRC eventually show resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) therapy. Synergistic and potentiating effects of combination therapy, using herbal and chemical drugs, can improve patients’ response. Zerumbone (ZER), which is derived from ginger, has been studied for its growth inhibitory function in various types of cancer. Methods. The cytotoxic effects of ZER and 5-FU alone and their combination, on the SW48 and HCT-116 cells, were examined, using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT). The mRNA and protein levels of β-catenin, survivin, and vimentin were measured in treated CRC cells, using qRT-PCR and western blot. Colony formation assay, scratch test, and flow cytometry were performed to detect the changes of proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Key Findings. In HCT-116- and SW48-treated cells, the proliferation, the gene and protein expression levels of the markers, the migration, the colony formation, and the survival rates were all significantly reduced compared to the control groups, and the sharpest decline was observed in the 5-FU+ZER treatment groups. Conclusions. Combination therapy has shown promising results in CRC cells, especially in drug-resistant cells.

scholarly journals BZD9L1 sirtuin inhibitor as a potential adjuvant for sensitization of colorectal cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 175883591987897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Jer Tan ◽  
Yeuan Ting Lee ◽  
Sven H. Petersen ◽  
Gurjeet Kaur ◽  
Koji Kono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Hct 116 Cells ◽  
Tumour Proliferation

Background: This study aims to investigate the combination effect of a novel sirtuin inhibitor (BZD9L1) with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and to determine its molecular mechanism of action in colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: BZD9L1 and 5-FU either as single treatment or in combination were tested against CRC cells to evaluate synergism in cytotoxicity, senescence and formation of micronucleus, cell cycle and apoptosis, as well as the regulation of related molecular players. The effects of combined treatments at different doses on stress and apoptosis, migration, invasion and cell death mechanism were evaluated through two-dimensional and three-dimensional cultures. In vivo studies include investigation on the combination effects of BZD9L1 and 5-FU on colorectal tumour xenograft growth and an evaluation of tumour proliferation and apoptosis using immunohistochemistry. Results: Combination treatments exerted synergistic reduction on cell viability on HCT 116 cells but not on HT-29 cells. Combined treatments reduced survival, induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, senescence and micronucleation in HCT 116 cells through modulation of multiple responsible molecular players and apoptosis pathways, with no effect in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Combination treatments regulated SIRT1 and SIRT2 protein expression levels differently and changed SIRT2 protein localization. Combined treatment reduced growth, migration, invasion and viability of HCT 116 spheroids through apoptosis, when compared with the single treatment. In addition, combined treatment was found to reduce tumour growth in vivo through reduction of tumour proliferation and necrosis compared with the vehicle control group. This highlights the potential therapeutic effects of BZD9L1 and 5-FU towards CRC. Conclusion: This study may pave the way for use of BZD9L1 as an adjuvant to 5-FU in improving the therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Cell Survival Is Regulated via SOX9/BCL2L1 Axis in HCT-116 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Lizárraga-Verdugo ◽  
Erika Ruiz-García ◽  
César López-Camarillo ◽  
Mercedes Bermúdez ◽  
Mariana Avendaño-Félix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Dna Microarrays ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Hct 116 Cells

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent types of malignancies and one of the major causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Sex-determining region Y (SRY)-box 9 protein (SOX9) is a member of the SOX family of transcription factors which are involved in the regulation of differentiation and development. Recently, several reports suggest an important role of SOX9 in tumorigenesis since its overexpression correlates with tumor progression and poor outcome in several types of cancer; however, its role in CRC is not clear until now. Therefore, in this work, we searched for novel SOX9-regulated genes involved in cell survival of CRC. We silenced SOX9 in the poorly differentiated HCT-116 cell line, using a specific siRNA, to identify differential expressed genes by DNA microarrays and analyzed the role or candidate genes in apoptosis and autophagy. Transcriptome analysis showed that diverse cellular pathways, associated with CRC carcinogenesis such as Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK, TGF-β, and mTOR, were modulated after SOX9 silencing. Interestingly, we found that SOX9 silencing promotes downregulation of BCL2L1 and overexpression of CASP3, proteins related to apoptosis, which was further confirmed in SW-480, a moderated-differentiated cell line, but not in HT-29, well-differentiated cell line. Moreover, inhibition of BCL2L1 by ABT-737 (BH3 mimetic) in SOX9-silenced HCT-116 cells resulted in an increased apoptosis percentage. However, downregulation of BCL2L1 was not enough to induce autophagy. This is the first report, suggesting that cell survival in poorly and moderated-differentiated CRC cells lines is regulated by SOX9/BCL2L1 axis, but not in well-differentiated cell lines.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Anti-Cancer Activity of the Probiotic Bacterium Lactobacillus fermentum Using 2D vs. 3D Culture in Colorectal Cancer Cells

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee ◽  
Lee ◽  
Kim ◽  
Cho ◽  
Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Lactobacillus Fermentum ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Cell Free Supernatant ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Hct 116 Cells

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential anti-cancer effects of probiotic cell-free supernatant (CFS) treatment using Lactobacillus fermentum for colorectal cancer (CRC) in 3D culture systems. Cell viability was assessed using MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt) assays, whereas apoptosis was monitored through RT-qPCR analysis of Bax, Bak, Noxa, and Bid mRNA expressions in addition to flow cytometry analysis of Lactobacillus cell-free supernatant (LCFS) treatment. Our results showed that the anti-cancer effect of LCFS on cell viability was pronouncedly enhanced in 3D-cultured HCT-116 cells, which was linked to the increased level of cleaved caspase 3. Additionally, upregulation of apoptotic marker gene mRNA transcription was dramatically increased in 3D cultured cells compared to 2D systems. In conclusion, this study suggests that LCFS enhances the activation of intrinsic apoptosis in HCT-116 cells and the potential anti-cancer effects of Lactobacilli mixtures in 3D culture systems. All in all, our study highlights the benefits of 3D culture models over 2D culture modeling in studying the anti-cancer effects of probiotics.

scholarly journals RNAi mediated silencing of Nanog expression suppresses the growth of human colorectal cancer stem cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhao ◽  
Yongjing Yang ◽  
Chunlian Zhong ◽  
Tianju Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Small Interfering Rna ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Nanog Expression ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Hct 116 Cells ◽  
Interfering Rna

Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world known for its poor recurrence-free prognosis. Previous studies have shown that it is closely linked with cancer stem cells (CSCs), which have self-renewal potential and the capacity to differentiate into diverse populations. Nanog is an important transcription factor that functions to maintain the self-renewal and proliferation of embryonic stem cells; however, many recent studies have shown that Nanog is also highly expressed in many cancer stem cells.Methods: To investigate whether Nanog plays a crucial role in maintaining the stemness of colorectal CSCs (CCSCs), RNA interference was used to downregulate Nanog expression in the CRC stem cell line, EpCAM+CD44+HCT-116. We examined the anti-tumor function of Nanog in vitro and in vivo, using small interfering RNA.Results: Our results revealed that the Nanog mRNA expression level in CCSCs was higher than that in HCT-116 cells. We found that the depletion of Nanog inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in EpCAM+CD44+HCT-116 cells. In addition, the invasive ability of EpCAM+CD44+HCT-116 cells was markedly restricted when Nanog was silenced by small interfering RNA. Furthermore, we found that the silencing of Nanog decreased tumor size and weight and improved the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice.Conclusions: In conclusion, these findings collectively demonstrate that Nanog, which is highly expressed in CRC stem cells, is a key factor in the development of tumor growth, and it may serve as a potential marker of prognosis and a novel and effective therapeutic target for the treatment of CRC.

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