scholarly journals Intermittent Fasting and Metabolic Switching: A Brief Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 1555-1562
Author(s):  
Sanjukta Mishra ◽  
Bratati Singh
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Metabolic Switching

scholarly journals Integrative Epigenomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Robust Metabolic Switching in the Brain During Intermittent Fasting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Yong-Quan Ng ◽  
Dominic Paul Lee Kok Sheng ◽  
Sung Wook Kang ◽  
David Yang-Wei Fann ◽  
Joonki Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Epigenetic Mark ◽  
List Type ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Metabolic Switching ◽  
Integrative Analyses ◽  
Transcriptomic Changes ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Molecular Framework

AbstractIntermittent fasting (IF) is a lifestyle intervention comprising a dietary regimen in which energy intake is restricted via alternating periods of fasting and ad libitum food consumption, without compromising nutritional composition. While epigenetic modifications can mediate effects of environmental factors on gene expression, no information is yet available on potential effects of IF on the epigenome. In this study, we found that IF causes modulation of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) epigenetic mark in the cerebellum of male C57/BL6 mice, which in turn orchestrates a plethora of transcriptomic changes involved in the robust metabolic switching processes commonly observed during IF. Interestingly, both epigenomic and transcriptomic modulation continued to be observed after refeeding, suggesting that memory of the IF-induced epigenetic change is maintained at the locus. Notably though, we found that termination of IF results in a loss of H3K9me3 regulation of the transcriptome. Collectively, our study characterizes a novel mechanism of IF in the epigenetic-transcriptomic axis, which controls myriad metabolic process changes. In addition to providing a valuable and innovative resource, our systemic analyses reveal molecular framework for understanding how IF impacts the metaboloepigenetics axis of the brain.Highlights○ Intermittent fasting (IF) and refeeding modifies epigenome in the cerebellum○ Integrative epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed metabolic switching○ IF affects the metaboloepigenetics axis in regulating metabolic processes○ Integrative analyses revealed a loss of epigenetic reprogramme following refeeding

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Intermittent Fasting-Induced Metabolic Rewiring in the Liver

Dose-Response ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 155932581987678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Yong-Quan Ng ◽  
Sung-Wook Kang ◽  
Joonki Kim ◽  
Asfa Alli-Shaik ◽  
Sang-Ha Baik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Metabolic Switching ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Transcriptomic Changes

Scope: Intermittent fasting (IF) has been extensively reported to promote improved energy homeostasis and metabolic switching. While IF may be a plausible strategy to ameliorate the epidemiological burden of disease in many societies, our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms behind such effects is still lacking. The present study has sought to investigate the relationship between IF and changes in gene expression. We focused on the liver, which is highly sensitive to metabolic changes due to energy status. Mice were randomly assigned to ad libitum feeding or IF for 16 hours per day or for 24 hours on alternate days for 3 months, after which genome-wide transcriptome analysis of the liver was performed using RNA sequencing. Our findings revealed that IF caused robust transcriptomic changes in the liver that led to a complex array of metabolic changes. We also observed that the IF regimen produced distinct profiles of transcriptomic changes, highlighting the significance of temporally different periods of energy restriction. Our results suggest that IF can regulate metabolism via transcriptomic mechanisms and provide insight into how genetic interactions within the liver might lead to the numerous metabolic benefits of IF.

Modified Intermittent Fasting in Psoriasis (MANGO) trial: a two-arm pilot randomized controlled open cross-over study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda Grine ◽  
Niels Hilhorst ◽  
Nathalie Michels ◽  
Souheila Abbedou ◽  
Stefaan De Henauw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Disease ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Regular Diet ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
General Quality ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Psoriasis Severity

BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a complex disease associated with multiple comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome and leaky gut syndrome. Dietary lifestyle interventions have been reported to affect the disease in terms of lesional severity. It remains unclear how diets affect these comorbidities and the general health in psoriasis patients. Modified Intermittent Fasting (MIF) on 2 non-consecutive days has shown beneficial effects on metabolic parameters. A significant advantage of MIF over the currently investigated dietary changes is its feasibility. OBJECTIVE Here, we aim to study the effects of MIF on skin, gut and metabolic health in psoriasis patients. METHODS A two-arm pilot prospective cross-over randomized control trial (RCT) will be performed in 20 patients with psoriasis as a pilot study. Patients will be randomized 1:1 to either start with MIF and subsequent regular diet for 12 weeks each or to start with regular diet and subsequent MIF for 12 weeks each. The following parameters will be assessed: demographics, disease phenotype, medical and familial history, psoriasis severity, dermatology-specific and general quality of life, nutritional and physical habits, mental and intestinal health, intestinal and cutaneous integrity, inflammatory and metabolic markers, and satisfaction. RESULTS The aim is to uncover the effects of MIF on psoriasis severity and gut health integrity through clinical and molecular investigation. More precisely, we want to map the evolution of the different markers in response to MIF as compared to the regular diet, such as psoriasis severity, permeability and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Understanding how dietary lifestyles can affect epithelial lineages such as the skin and gut, will greatly improve our understanding on the development of psoriasis and may pose a non-pharmacological venue for treatments. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04418791. Registered June 5 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04418791. Current protocol date/version: May 20 2020

scholarly journals Late-life intermittent fasting decreases aging-related frailty and increases renal hydrogen sulfide production in a sexually dimorphic manner

GeroScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko O. Henderson ◽  
Nazmin Bithi ◽  
Christopher Link ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Rebecca Schugar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Multiple Components

AbstractGlobal average life expectancy continues to rise. As aging increases the likelihood of frailty, which encompasses metabolic, musculoskeletal, and cognitive deficits, there is a need for effective anti-aging treatments. It is well established in model organisms that dietary restriction (DR), such as caloric restriction or protein restriction, enhances health and lifespan. However, DR is not widely implemented in the clinic due to patient compliance and its lack of mechanistic underpinnings. Thus, the present study tested the effects of a somewhat more clinically applicable and adoptable DR regimen, every-other-day (EOD) intermittent fasting, on frailty in 20-month-old male and female C57BL/6 mice. Frailty was determined by a series of metabolic, musculoskeletal, and cognitive tasks performed prior to and toward the end of the 2.5-month dietary intervention. Late-life EOD fasting attenuated overall energy intake, hypothalamic inflammatory gene expression, and frailty in males. However, it failed to reduce overall caloric intake and had a little positive effect in females. Given that the selected benefits of DR are dependent on augmented production of the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and that renal H2S production declines with age, we tested the effects of EOD fasting on renal H2S production capacity and its connection to frailty in males. EOD fasting boosted renal H2S production, which positively correlated with improvements in multiple components of frailty tasks. Therefore, late-life initiated EOD fasting is sufficient to reduce aging-related frailty, at least in males, and suggests that renal H2S production capacity may modulate the effects of late-life EOD fasting on frailty.

scholarly journals DDRE-31. FEASIBILITY AND BIOLOGIC ACTIVITY OF A KETOGENIC / INTERMITTENT FASTING DIET IN GLIOMA PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i13-i13
Author(s):  
Karisa Schreck ◽  
Fang-Chi Hsu ◽  
Adam Berrington ◽  
Bobbie Henry-Barron ◽  
Diane Vizthum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Mr Spectroscopy ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Cerebral Activity ◽  
Food Records ◽  
Systemic Activity ◽  
Patient Reported

Abstract BACKGROUND There has been increasing interest in exploring ketogenic diet therapies (KDT) in patients with glioma given the poor prognosis. The purpose of this single-arm, open label phase 2 study was to rigorously examine the feasibility, safety, systemic biological activity, and cerebral activity of a KDT in patients with glioma. METHODS 25 patients with biopsy-confirmed WHO Grade 2–4 astrocytoma with stable disease following adjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled in an 8-week GLioma Atkins-based Diet (GLAD). GLAD consisted of 2 fasting days (calories<20% calculated estimated needs) interleaved between 5 modified Atkins diet days (net carbohydrates≤20 gm/day) each week. The primary outcome was dietary adherence by food records. Markers of systemic and cerebral activity included weekly urine ketones, serum insulin, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, IGF-1, and MR spectroscopy at baseline and week 8. RESULTS 21 patients completed the study. 80% of patients reached ≥40 mg/dL urine acetoacetate during the study. 48% of patients were adherent by food record. The diet was well-tolerated with two grade 3 adverse events (neutropenia, seizure). Measures of systemic activity including hemoglobin A1c, insulin, and fat body mass decreased significantly, while lean body mass increased. MR spectroscopy demonstrated increased ketone concentrations (β-hydroxybutyrate (bHB) and acetone (Ace)) in both lesional and contralateral brain, compared to baseline. Higher total choline (tCho) and glutamine (Gln) levels were observed in lesional as compared to contralateral brain at baseline, and both decreased following intervention. Average ketonuria correlated with cerebral ketones in lesional (tumor) and contralateral brain (bHB Rs0.52, p=0.05). There were no differences in cerebral metabolites in IDH-mutant glioma after controlling for ketonuria. CONCLUSIONS The GLAD dietary intervention, while demanding, produced meaningful ketonuria, and significant systemic and cerebral metabolic changes in participants. Participant ketonuria correlated with cerebral ketone concentration and appears to be a better indicator of systemic activity than patient-reported food records.

scholarly journals Intermittent fasting for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Allaf ◽  
Hussein Elghazaly ◽  
Omer G Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Firas Khan Fareen ◽  
Sadia Zaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

scholarly journals Intermittent fasting: is there a role in the treatment of diabetes? A review of the literature and guide for primary care physicians

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Albosta ◽  
Jesse Bakke
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Medicinal Treatment

Abstract Background Type 2 Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia that causes numerous complications with significant long-term morbidity and mortality. The disorder is primarily due to insulin resistance particularly in liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. In this review, we detail the hormonal mechanisms leading to the development of diabetes and discuss whether intermittent fasting should be considered as an alternative, non-medicinal treatment option for patients with this disorder. Methods We searched PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and Google Scholar databases for review articles, clinical trials, and case series related to type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and intermittent fasting. Articles were carefully reviewed and included based on relevance to our topic. We excluded abstracts and any non-English articles. Results The majority of the available research demonstrates that intermittent fasting is effective at reducing body weight, decreasing fasting glucose, decreasing fasting insulin, reducing insulin resistance, decreasing levels of leptin, and increasing levels of adiponectin. Some studies found that patients were able to reverse their need for insulin therapy during therapeutic intermittent fasting protocols with supervision by their physician. Conclusion Current evidence suggests that intermittent fasting is an effective non-medicinal treatment option for type 2 diabetes. More research is needed to delineate the effects of intermittent fasting from weight loss. Physicians should consider educating themselves regarding the benefits of intermittent fasting. Diabetic patients should consult their physician prior to beginning an intermittent fasting regimen in order to allow for appropriate oversight and titration of the patients medication regimen during periods of fasting.

scholarly journals Intermittent Fasting Ameliorated High-Fat Diet-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats via Reducing Oxidative Stress and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Expression in Brain

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Suzan M. Hazzaa ◽  
Mabrouk A. Abd Eldaim ◽  
Amira A. Fouda ◽  
Asmaa Shams El Dein Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Mohamed Soliman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cell Layers

Intermittent fasting (IF) plays an important role in the protection against metabolic syndrome-induced memory defects. This study aimed to assess the protective effects of both prophylactic and curative IF against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced memory defects in rats. The control group received a normal diet; the second group received a HFD; the third group was fed a HFD for 12 weeks and subjected to IF during the last four weeks (curative IF); the fourth group was fed a HFD and subjected to IF simultaneously (prophylactic IF). A high-fat diet significantly increased body weight, serum lipids levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and H score in brain tissue and altered memory performance. In addition, it significantly decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in brain tissue and viability and thickness of pyramidal and hippocampus granular cell layers. However, both types of IF significantly decreased body weight, serum lipids, GFAP protein expression and H score and MDA concentration in brain tissue, and improved memory performance, while it significantly increased GSH concentration in brain tissue, viability, and thickness of pyramidal and granular cell layers of the hippocampus. This study indicated that IF ameliorated HFD-induced memory disturbance and brain tissue damage and the prophylactic IF was more potent than curative IF.

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