scholarly journals Cytogenetic Analysis of A Hoverfly Eristalis tenax (Diptera: Syrphidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-653
Author(s):  
Manvi Khajuria ◽  
Arshad Ayoub Bhatti ◽  
N.K. Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
The Family ◽  
Metaphase I

Karyotypic, morphometric and meiotic details of a hoverfly, Eristalis tenax belonging to subfamily Eristalinae of family Syrphidae were studied during present investigation. This species is commonly known as drone fly due to its resemblance with the drones of honey bees. These are good pollinators and their larvae are called rat tailed maggots due to the presence of a long posterior tube for breathing. It showed diploid chromosome number 2n=12 (10+XY) in males. The sex mechanism is found to be XY, X is subtelocentric and Y is telocentric. Meiotic observations included leptotene, diplotene, metaphase-I and metaphase-II. Present studies will help to solve taxonomic problems with in the family Syrphidae and in general understanding of the course of evolution in order Diptera.

First Record on Sex Chromosomes in a Species of the Family Cynodontidae: Cynodon gibbus (Agassiz, 1829)

2020 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa S. Pinheiro Figliuolo ◽  
Leonardo Goll ◽  
Patrik Ferreira Viana ◽  
Eliana Feldberg ◽  
Maria C. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
First Record ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Fish Family ◽  
Female Heterogamety ◽  
The Family

The fish family Cynodontidae belongs to the superfamily Curimatoidea, together with the Hemiodontidae, Serrasalmidae, Parodontidae, Prochilodontidae, Chilodontidae, Curimatidae, and Anostomidae. The majority of the species of this superfamily that have been analyzed to date have a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 54. Differentiated sex chromosomes (with female heterogamety) have been observed only in the Prochilodontidae, Parodontidae, and Anostomidae. The present study provides the first description of differentiated sex chromosomes in the cynodontid species Cynodon gibbus, which has a ZZ/ZW system, and shows that repetitive DNA has played a fundamental role in the differentiation of these sex chromosomes.

Genetik der Ataxie - Teleangiectasie

1965 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Ferák ◽  
J. Benko ◽  
E. Čajková
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Ataxia Telangiectasia ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Consanguineous Marriages ◽  
Responsible Gene ◽  
The One

SUMMARYThe syndrome of ataxia-telangiectasia was studied from a genetic standpoint on a material consisting of 7 original cases from four families, and of 31 cases from the literature. A cytogenetic analysis in one patient showed the normal diploid chromosome number, while the application of Brugger's test showed a random distribution of affected members in the investigated sibships. The observed frequency of affected individuals corresponds to the one to be expected, assuming a recessive monofactorial inheritance of the syndrome. Considering the small number of consanguineous marriages observed between parents of affected individuals, the conclusion can be drawn that ataxia-telangiectasia is not so rare a condition as it is generally assumed. The responsible gene shows a pleiotropic and lethal effect.

scholarly journals Karyotypes of three species of marine catfishes from Brazil

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Gomes ◽  
Van Ngan Phan ◽  
Maria José de Arruda Campos Rocha Passos
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Giemsa Staining ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
The Family

The chromosomes of three species of fishes belonging to the family Ariidae -Netuma barba, Genidens genidens and Amis parkeri - were studied after conventional Giemsa staining. All three species have a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 56. The karyotype comprises 18 metacentric (m), 18 submetacentric (sm), 18 subtelocentric (st) and 2 telocentric (t) pairs for N. barba; 12 m, 20 sm, 20 st and 41 pairs for G. genidens; 16 m, 16 sm, 22 st and 21 pairs for A. parkeri. The results obtained from these three species are compared with each other and with those found in literature.

Comparative Chromosome Painting in Two Brazilian Stork Species with Different Diploid Numbers

2019 ◽  
Vol 159 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Igor C.A. Seligmann ◽  
Ivanete O. Furo ◽  
Michelly S. dos Santos ◽  
Marcella M. Tagliarini ◽  
Cristiane C.D. Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
South America ◽  
Chromosome Painting ◽  
Diploid Number ◽  
Karyotype Evolution ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Ancestral Karyotype ◽  
Comparative Chromosome Painting ◽  
The Family

Despite the variation observed in the diploid chromosome number of storks (Ciconiiformes, Ciconiidae), from 2n = 52 to 2n = 78, most reports have relied solely on analyses by conventional staining. As most species have similar macrochromosomes, some authors propose that karyotype evolution involves mainly fusions between microchromosomes, which are highly variable in species with different diploid numbers. In order to verify this hypothesis, in this study, the karyotypes of 2 species of storks from South America with different diploid numbers, the jabiru (Jabiru mycteria, 2n = 56) and the maguary stork (Ciconia maguary, 2n = 72), were analyzed by chromosome painting using whole chromosome probes from the macrochromosomes of Gallus gallus (GGA) and Leucopternis albicollis (LAL). The results revealed that J. mycteria and C. maguary share synteny within chromosome pairs 1-9 and Z. The syntenies to the macrochromosomes of G. gallus are conserved, except for GGA4, which is homologous to 2 different pairs, as in most species of birds. A fusion of GGA8 and GGA9 was observed in both species. Additionally, chromosomes corresponding to GGA4p and GGA6 are fused to other segments that did not hybridize to any of the macrochromosome probes used, suggesting that these segments correspond to microchromosomes. Hence, our data corroborate the proposed hypothesis that karyotype evolution is based on fusions involving microchromosomes. In view of the morphological constancy of the macrochromosome pairs in most Ciconiidae, we propose a putative ancestral karyotype for the family, including the GGA8/GGA9 fusion, and a diploid number of 2n = 78. The use of probes for microchromosome pairs should be the next step in identifying other synapomorphies that may help to clarify the phylogeny of this family.

scholarly journals Karyotypic and Morphometric Analysis of A Predatory Rove Beetle, Paederus littoralis (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) from Jammu Region of Outer Himalayas, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-499
Author(s):  
Arshad Ayoub Bhatti ◽  
Manvi Khajuria
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Rove Beetle ◽  
The Family ◽  
Telocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosomal Data

In the present study, the chromosomes of a predatory rove beetle Paederus littoralis were studied from Jammu region of outer Himalayas. These beetles are also potential bio-control agents in suppressing the populations of cereal aphids. The diploid chromosome number was found to be 2n=32 including 22 metacentric, 3 submetacentric, 6 subtelocentric and 1 telocentric chromosomes. The sex chromosomes (Xyp) included submetacentric X and telocentric y chromosome. Meiotic observations comprised diplotene, diakinesis and metaphase-I. The study is helpful in solving taxonomic problems with in the family Staphylinidae and it authenticates the existence of this particular species through chromosomal data.

scholarly journals Chromosomal analysis of Astyanax fasciatus (PISCES, CHARACIDAE) from the Araguari river, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (1a) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Torres-Mariano ◽  
S. Morelli
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Chromosomal Analysis ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Nucleolar Organizing Regions ◽  
Astyanax Fasciatus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Silver Nitrate Staining ◽  
Parana Basin

The genus Astyanax is one of the most numerous of the family Characidae, comprising a large number of similar-shaped species, but displaying innumerable karyotypic variations in its chromosome number and/or structure. The literature describes A. fasciatus populations with diploid chromosome numbers varying from 2n = 45 to 2n = 48. In this study, A. fasciatus specimens captured in the Araguari River (Alto Paraná basin) were cytogenetically characterized, revealing a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 46. The nucleolar organizing regions (NORs), detected with silver nitrate staining, showed a multiple system with two pairs of marked chromosomes. These findings are congruent with those of other studies involving populations of the same species.

New cytogenetic data on Coreoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) with special reference to Coreidae

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3313 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAILIN YANG ◽  
HU LI ◽  
XUN DAI ◽  
JIAN CHANG ◽  
WANZHI CAI
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Meiotic Division ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Male Meiosis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Holokinetic Chromosomes ◽  
The Family

Some cytogenetic aspects of six Chinese species of Coreoidea were studied. The material included five species from the familyCoreidae: Hydarella orientalis (Distant), Homoeocerus bannaensis Hsiao, Cletus graminis Hsiao & Cheng, Paradasynus lon-girostris Hsiao, Acanthocoris scaber (Linnaeus), and one species from the family Stenocephalidae: Stenocephalus femoralisReuter. All species show holokinetic chromosomes, post-reductional meiotic division of XO sex chromosomes, a pre-reduc-tional type of meiosis for autosomes and m-chromosomes, intersticial chiasmata in most autosomes, and one chiasma per biva-lent in male meiosis. In the species studied, the diploid chromosome number ranged from 13 to 21. It was 13 in S. femoralis (10+ 2m + XO), 15 in Hy. orientalis (12 + 2m + XO), 17 in Ho. bannaensis (14 + 2m + XO) and C. graminis (14 + 2m + XO), 19in P. longirostris (16 + 2m + XO), and 21 in A. scaber (18 + 2m + XO). Hy. orientalis represents the first cytogenetically stud-ied species in subfamily Hydarinae. The phylogenetic relationships among Coreoidea are briefly discussed from a cytogenetic point of view.

The Chromosomes of 4 Genera of Possums From the Family Petauridae (Marsupialia, Diprotodonta)

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Murray ◽  
SC Donnellan ◽  
GM Mckay ◽  
RH Rofe ◽  
PR Baverstock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangement ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
The Family ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Petaurus Australis

The standard and C-banded (four species) karyotypes of six species of the family Petauridae (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri, Petaurus australis, P. breviceps, P. norfolcensis, Dactylopsila trivirgata and Dactylonax palpator) are described. The G-banded karyotype of P. norfolcensis is also described. Gymnobelideus and Petaurus have diploid chromosome number of 22. All three species of Petaurus have a similar karyotype, consisting of biarmed autosomes and very small sex chromosomes, which differs from Gymnobelideus by a minimum of one chromosomal rearrangement of each autosome. Dactylopsila and Dactylonax have similar karyotypes with diploid chromosome numbers of 18. The relationship of these two genera to Petaurus is still uncertain but all members of this family differ from Pseudocheiridae in the small size of the sex chromosomes.

scholarly journals Derived karyotypes in two elephantfish genera (Hyperopisus and Pollimyrus): lowest chromosome number in the family Mormyridae (Osteoglossiformes)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-354
Author(s):  
Sergey Simanovsky ◽  
Dmitry Medvedev ◽  
Fekadu Tefera ◽  
Alexander Golubtsov
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Ancestral Condition ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pericentric Inversions ◽  
Karyotype Structure ◽  
White Nile ◽  
Weakly Electric

The African weakly electric elephantfish family Mormyridae comprises 22 genera and almost 230 species. Up-to-date cytogenetic information was available for 17 species representing 14 genera. Here we report chromosome number and morphology in Hyperopisus bebe (Lacepède, 1803) and Pollimyrus isidori (Valenciennes, 1847) collected from the White Nile system in southwestern Ethiopia. Both taxa displayed the diploid chromosome number 2n = 40, but they differed in fundamental numbers: FN = 66 in H. bebe and FN = 72 in P. isidori; previously the same diploid chromosome number 2n = 40 was reported in an undescribed species of Pollimyrus Taverne, 1971 (FN = 42) from the same region. Our results demonstrate that not only pericentric inversions, but fusions also played a substantial role in the evolution of the mormyrid karyotype structure. If the hypothesis that the karyotype structure with 2n = 50–52 and prevalence of the uni-armed chromosomes close to the ancestral condition for the family Mormyridae is correct, the most derived karyotype structures are found in the Mormyrus Linnaeus, 1758 species with 2n = 50 and the highest number of bi-armed elements in their compliments compared to all other mormyrids and in Pollimyrus isidori with the highest number of bi-armed elements among the mormyrids with 2n = 40.

scholarly journals One more Microtus species with asynaptic sex chromosomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-447
Author(s):  
Jelena Blagojevic ◽  
Marija Rajicic ◽  
Vladimir Jovanovic ◽  
Tanja Adnadjevic ◽  
Ivana Budinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
First Finding ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphisms ◽  
Southeastern Serbia

Arvicoline voles are known as a karyotypically extremely polymorphic group in which the genus Microtus leads with the highest rate of karyotype change. A member of this genus, the European pine vole Microtus subterraneus (de Selys-Longchamps, 1836), is widely distributed in Europe and parts of Asia. There are two cytotypes differing in diploid chromosome number, 2n=54 and 52, each showing different chromosomal polymorphisms. At two localities in southeastern Serbia, Mt. Jastrebac and Vlasina, we found the 2n=52 cytotype. Meiotic preparations from males revealed the presence of asynaptic sex chromosomes. Although asynaptic sex chromosomes are frequent in Microtus, this is the first finding for M. subterraneus. From summarized data it appears that two-thirds of the studied species, mainly from Microtus and Terricola subgenera, possess asynaptic sex chromosomes.

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