Effect of Sangrovit on Performance and Morphology of Small Intestine and Immune Response of Broilers

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 855-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Karimi ◽  
F. Foroudi ◽  
M.R. Abedini
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Small Intestine

The effect of oxyclozanide on Hymenolepis microstoma and H. diminuta

Parasitology ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Hopkins ◽  
P. M. Grant ◽  
Helen Stallard
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Dose Level ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Hymenolepis Microstoma

The effect of oxyclozanide (2,2′-dihydroxy-3,3′,5,5′,6-pentachlorobenzanilide) on Hymenolepis microstoma in the bile duct of mice, and H. diminuta in the small intestine of mice and rats was measured. Oxyclozanide at doses as low as 4mg/kg removed 13-day-old H. diminuta and caused no obvious harmful effect to the rat host up to the maximum level (256 mg/kg) tested. Worms were displaced and degenerating within 1 h. Results in mice were more difficult to assess because of the immune response, but similar total amounts of oxyclozanide caused destrobilation and loss of 7-day-old H. diminuta. Oxyclozanide was less effective against 21-day-old H. microstoma attached in the bile duct. Approximately half the strobila was lost following dosing at 5 mg/kg and progressively greater amounts as the dose level was increased. At 50 mg/kg worm loss commenced but even at 150 mg/kg 25 % of worms survived. The time taken to regrow to the original adult size varied but was complete within 7–9 days at levels up to 25 mg/kg. Double dosing at 5-day intervals did not enhance the effect of a single dose. The apparent existence of a sensitivity gradient down the strobila in H. microstoma is discussed.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Ravuconazole in Treatment of Mucosal Candidosis in SCID Mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 3433-3436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl V. Clemons ◽  
David A. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Scid Mice ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Once Daily

ABSTRACT A model of orogastric candidosis in SCID mice, which mimics disease seen in AIDS patients, was used to evaluate ravuconazole in comparison with fluconazole for treatment. Mice were infected orally withCandida albicans and received either no treatment or oral treatment once daily for 12 days with 1, 5, or 25 mg of ravuconazole per kg of body weight per day, 5 or 25 mg of fluconazole per kg per day, or diluent (10% dimethyl sulfoxide in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose). The numbers of C. albicans CFU in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and cecum on day 25 in mice given no treatment and diluent were equivalent. Both doses of fluconazole significantly reduced numbers of CFU in all four tissues but were equivalent to each other. Ravuconazole showed dose-responsive improvement of clearance of CFU. Ravuconazole at 25 mg/kg was superior in reduction of numbers of CFU in all tissues to controls or 25 mg of fluconazole per kg and to other regimens in at least three tissues. Fluconazole at 25 mg/kg cured no infection in any tissue, whereas 25 mg of ravuconazole/kg cleared infection in all tissues from 50% of mice. Ravuconazole has good efficacy and the potential to cure mucosal candidosis in the absence of a functional immune response.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Levels of Symbiotic on the Japanese Quail Performance, Immune Response and Small Intestine Histomorphology

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (26) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Seyede sima mohammadi ◽  
◽  
hamidreza khodaei ◽  
sohail mir habibi ◽  
hossein manafi rasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals Effects of Bacillus subtilis on performance, immune system and gut in Salmonella-challenged broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sikandar ◽  
H. Zaneb ◽  
A. Nasir ◽  
M. Adil ◽  
H.M. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Prophylactic Use

The goal of this study was to compare the effects of Bacillus subtilis and the antibiotic enrofloxacin on growth performance, immune response, intestinal histomorphometry and cecal Salmonella numbers in broilers challenged with S. gallinarum. Salmonella-free chicks (n = 240) were allocated to four groups, comprising six replicates (n = 10) each. Group NN was not infected and received no treatment. Group SN was infected with Salmonella and received no treatment. Group SE was infected with Salmonella and treated with the antibiotic enrofloxacin. Group SP was infected with Salmonella and treated orally with the probiotic B. subtilis. Initially the groups that were infected with Salmonella had reduced growth performance compared with NN. By the fourth week, SE and SP had recovered and weighed as much as or more than NN. The SP group had greater cellular immunity and relative weights of the bursa and thymus than the other groups. SN had the lowest villus height in all the segments of the small intestine and a larger Salmonella population in the ceca. Probiotic supplementation reduced the pathological outcomes more than enrofloxacin. Prophylactic use of B. subtilis-type probiotics had similar effects to the use of antibiotics, alleviated the stress related to infection of S. gallinarum, and improved the growth performance, immune function, and gut mucosal development in broilers. Keywords: growth promoters, immunity, probiotics, poultry villi length

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