Evolution of In vitro Drug Susceptibility Testing of Pyrazinamide

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 803-809
Author(s):  
K. Reena ◽  
V. Shanthi
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
In Vitro Drug Susceptibility

scholarly journals New Approach for Drug Susceptibility Testing: Monitoring the Stress Response of Mycobacteria

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 4598-4603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald J. Rieder ◽  
Zhihui Zhao ◽  
Boris Zavizion
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
In Vitro Drug Susceptibility

ABSTRACT Methods currently used for in vitro drug susceptibility testing are based on the assessment of bacterial growth-related processes. This reliance on cellular reproduction leads to prolonged incubation times, particularly for slowly growing organisms such as mycobacteria. A new rapid phenotypic method for the drug susceptibility testing of mycobacteria is described. The method is based on the detection of the physiological stress developed by susceptible mycobacterial cells in the presence of an antimicrobial compound. The induced stress was quantified by differential monitoring of the dielectric properties of the bacterial suspension, an easily measurable electronic property. The data presented here characterize the stress developed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis cells treated with rifampin (rifampicin), isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Changes in the dielectric-based profiles of the drug-treated bacteria revealed the respective susceptibilities in near real time, and the susceptibilities were well correlated with conventional susceptibility test data.

Evaluation of high-throughput assays for in vitro drug susceptibility testing of Tritrichomonas foetus trophozoites

2016 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Bader ◽  
Jeba Jesudoss Chelladurai ◽  
Kylie Thompson ◽  
Cindy Hall ◽  
Steve A. Carlson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Tritrichomonas Foetus ◽  
In Vitro Drug Susceptibility

scholarly journals Pyrazinamide Is Active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cultures at Neutral pH and Low Temperature

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 4956-4960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice L. den Hertog ◽  
Sandra Menting ◽  
Richard Pfeltz ◽  
Matthew Warns ◽  
Salman H. Siddiqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Neutral Ph

ABSTRACTFor the past decades, an acidic pH has been used to renderMycobacterium tuberculosissusceptible to pyrazinamide forin vitrotesting. Here, we show that at the standard breakpoint concentration and reduced culture temperatures, pyrazinamide (PZA) is active against tuberculosis (TB) at neutral pH. This finding should help unravel the mechanism of action of PZA and allow drug susceptibility testing (DST) methods to be optimized.

scholarly journals Disseminated cryptococcosis and fluconazole resistant oral candidiasis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 674-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra J Kothavade ◽  
Chetan M Oberai ◽  
Arvind G Valand ◽  
Mehroo H Panthaki
Keyword(s):  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Fluconazole Resistant ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
In Vitro Drug Susceptibility

Disseminated cryptococcosis and recurrent oral candidiasis was presented in a-heterosexual AIDS patient. Candida tropicalis (C.tropicalis) was isolated from the oral pseudomembranous plaques and Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) was isolated from maculopapular lesions on body parts (face, hands and chest) and body fluids (urine, expectorated sputum, and cerebrospinal fluid). In vitro drug susceptibility testing on the yeast isolates demonstrated resistance to fluconazole acquired by C. tropicalis which was a suggestive possible root cause of recurrent oral candidiasis in this patient.

scholarly journals Interpreting Susceptibility Testing of Carbapenem Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Maite Micaelo ◽  
Florence Brossier ◽  
Nicolas Brechot ◽  
Charles Edouard Luyt ◽  
Qin Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
New Guidelines

Objectives: Carbapenems are among the most powerful anti pseudomonal agents. Since meropenem and doripenem were marketed, there are limited data regarding drug susceptibility testing by routine methods (disc diffusion and Etest) for them. The aim of our study was to compare in vitro activity of the imipenem, meropenem and doripenem against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: Three hundred and eleven P. aeruginosa strains isolated from respiratory specimens in 170 patients who developed ventilator-associated pneumonia in two intensive care units were collected over a period of 31 months. The susceptibility of all of these isolates to imipenem, meropenem and doripenem were determined by Etest and disc diffusion method. Results: Considering either all of the isolates or only the first isolates recovered per patient (311 and 170 respectively) the susceptibility rate for doripenem was higher than that for meropenem and imipenem. When MICs determined by Etest were converted into interpretative categories (S, I, R) using French (CA-SFM) guidelines, agreement was poor, especially for meropenem and doripenem. The percent of agreement with the disc diffusion method were 90.6% and 89.7% for imipenem, 80.5% and 82.6% for meropenem and 80.5% and 73.3% for doripenem, for the first isolates and all of the isolates, respectively. Errors were mostly minor errors, and the rate of errors was as high as 17.7% and 16.1% for meropenem and 17.7% and 25.7% for doripenem for the first isolates and all of the isolates, respectively Conclusion: The accuracy of disc diffusion using CA-SFM guidelines appears unsatisfactory for all the three carbapenems justifying the adaptation of new guidelines for P. aeruginosa and carbapenems

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Chitosan and Snail Seromucous as Anti Tuberculosis Drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 510-514
Author(s):  
Agnes Sri Harti ◽  
Yusup Sutanto ◽  
Rahajeng Putriningrum ◽  
Tresia Umarianti ◽  
Erlina Windyastuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
In Vitro Methods ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Experimental Laboratory

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) disease is an infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and is transmitted through sputum droplets of sufferers or suspect TB in the air. Chitosan has been widely used in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields because it is a biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic, antimicrobial, and hydrating agent with positive effects on wound healing. Seromucous of snail has anti-tumor bioactivity and is non-toxic to lymphocyte cells, and can even stimulate lymphocyte proliferation. Seromucous of snail as glycoprotein containing carbohydrates; α-1 globulin-oromucoid fraction; glycans, peptides, glycopeptides, and chondroitin sulfate. AIM: This study was to determine the effectiveness of snail seromucous and chitosan as anti TB drugs (ATD) in vitro. METHODS: The research method is based on an experimental laboratory. MTB isolates in this research from sputum samples of patients suspected of TB in Surakarta Regional General Hospital. The stages of the study were performed MTB culture and identification, management sampling, and drug susceptibility testing. RESULTS: The research results showed chitosan 5%; a combination of chitosan 9% and snail seromucous 50% (ratio 1:1) is a microbicide against MTB TB patient isolates. Snail seromucous was ineffective as a microbicide against MTB TB patients. CONCLUSION: The effectiveness as a bactericide against MTB, chitosan, and its combination with snail seromucous has the potential to be an ATD alternative.

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