Estimation of co-integration of the relationship between blood transfusion and iron deposits in thalassemia patients and study of the effects of some physiological factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1089-1102
Author(s):  
Rana Sabeeh AL-Sudani ◽  
Jicheng Liu ◽  
Juan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Iron Deposits ◽  
The Relationship

EVALUATION OF THE VESSEL AGE BY APPLYING THE ACCELERATION PLETHYSMOGRAM ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Елизавета Александровна Молчанова ◽  
Петр Вячеславович Лужнов
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Second Derivative ◽  
Contour Analysis ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Vascular Age ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

В работе приведены понятия жесткости, эластичности и тонуса сосудов, а также же их взаимосвязь с общим состоянием сосудистой стенки. Описан индекс, объединяющий влияние вышеперечисленных факторов на состояние сосудистой системы и дающий представление о возрасте сосудов пациента, а также показана связь этого индекса с возрастом человека. Представлен обзор способов определения возраста сосудов с помощью контурного анализа пульсовой волны. Среди предложенных способов был выделен подход на основе контурного анализа сигнала пульсовой волны, а также ее второй производной. В данном исследовании проводилась разработка алгоритма расчета показателя возраста сосудов (VA), базирующаяся на анализе сигнала и его второй производной. При этом особое внимание уделялось физической интерпретации параметров, входящих в состав расчетной формулы. С помощью представленного алгоритма в группе из трех испытуемых был определен сосудистый возраст. Из анализа полученных результатов было выявлено влияние физиологических факторов на значение возраста сосудов. Предложены методики, позволяющие исключить влияние этих факторов на значения показателя VA и тем самым получить более точные результаты. Также представлены стратегии дальнейшего развития исследований в этом направлении In The paper presents the concepts of rigidity, elasticity and tone of blood vessels, as well as their relationship with the general state of the vascular wall. An index is described that combines the influence of the above factors on the state of the vascular system and gives an idea of the age of the patient's vessels, and also shows the relationship of this index with the age of a person. An overview of the methods for determining the age of blood vessels using the contour analysis of the pulse wave is presented. Among the proposed methods, an approach based on the contour analysis of the pulse wave signal, as well as its second derivative, was singled out. In this study, an algorithm was developed for calculating the indicator of vascular age (VA), based on the analysis of the signal and its second derivative. In this case, special attention was paid to the physical interpretation of the parameters included in the calculation formula. Using the presented algorithm, vascular age was determined in a group of three subjects. From the analysis of the results obtained, the influence of physiological factors on the value of the age of the vessels was revealed. Methods are proposed that allow to exclude the influence of these factors on the values of the VA indicator and thereby obtain more accurate results. Also presented are strategies for the further development of research in this direction

THE EFFECT OF COAGULATIOU CHANGES ON THE OUTCOME OF GASTROINTESTINAL HAEMORRHAGE

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
S D Blair ◽  
K K Tan ◽  
C N McCollum ◽  
R M Greenhalgh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Relationship

Blood is hypercoagulable following GI haemorrhage [1], and vascular thrombosis has been reported to be the main cause of death [2]. To study the relationship between coagulation and clinical outcome, Impedance Clotting Time (ICT) wac measured daily using the Biobridge [1] and clinical outcome prospectively recorded in 125 patients with acute severe GI haemorrhage.Mean (±se mean) ICT on admission was markedly shortened at 4.8±0.2 mins (normal range 8-12 mins) (p<0.001, t-Cest). Sixty patients received blood transfusion within 24 hours resulting in significantly prolonged ICT of 6.2±0.4 mins compared to 4.0±0.3 mins in the 56 not transfused (p<0.01). In 23 patients who rebled, the ICT at 24 hours of 6.7±0.4 mins demonstrated reduced hypercoagulability. Twenty of these 23 patients had bee:: transfused prior to rebleeding, a significantly greater proportion than in those who did not rebleed (p<0.00l). Six patients died, 3 of myocardial infarction, 1 of stroke, and 2 of continued haemorrhage. Mean ICT in the 4 patients dying from thrombotic vascular disease was 2.3±0.1 mins although 2 had also rebled.Clinical outcome in GI haemorrhage is strongly related to coagulation changes. The main cause of death was thrombotic vascular disease.1. Blair SD, Janvrin SB, McCollum CN, Greenhalgh RM. The effect of early blood transfusion on gastrointectinal haemorrhage. Br J Surg 1986; 73: 792-4.2. Allan R, Dykes P. A study of the factors influencing mortality rates fron gastrointestinal haenorrhage. Quart JMed 1976; 180: 533-50.

663. The relationship between milk secretion and the rate of milking by machine

1957 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Clough ◽  
F. H. Dodd
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Milk Secretion ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
Transitory Phase ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Relationship

Lactation has two phases: the continuous process of secretion and the mechanism of ejection which occurs only during milking. Because ejection is a transitory phase it is to be expected that within certain limits milk yield will be inversely related to the duration of milking, which was, in fact, demonstrated many years ago with hand-milked cows(1). With machine milking the situation is different because the forces which the machine applies to the udders of all cows within a herd are the same, and thus the differences in milking rate that occur are due to differences between the cows. Under these conditions, if milking rate can be shown to affect milk yield it is a demonstration of how the physiological factors controlling milking rate can modify the expression of the inheritance of milk secretion.

Autumn growth and its relationship to winter survival in diverse safflower germplasm

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 701-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Johnson ◽  
Li Dajue ◽  
Vicki Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Poor Survival ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Plant Habit ◽  
Population Counts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prostrate Growth

The relationship between several autumn growth traits and winter survival was determinedin 11 diverse safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) accessions grown at Central Ferry and Pullman, WA, USA. The safflower was sown in September 2002 and 2003 and plant population counts were taken 6-8 wk after emergence, and after the last frost in the spring to calculate winter survival. Growth factors including plant habit and height were also measured in the autumn. The Pullman plots in 2003–2004 were lost during an usually cold and windy November, but otherwise survival ranged from 90% for BJ-27, an introduction from China, to zero for the cultivar Saffire. Winter survival was negatively correlated with more upright plant habit (r = -041**, n = 97) and plant height (r = -0.29**, n = 97). However, some accessions with low plant habit (prostrate growth) and low height values had relatively poor survival. The results show that BJ-27 has sufficient winter survival to achieve over-winter safflower production for many areas. Autumn plant habit and height can predict the potential for winter survival, but physiological factors related to cold acclimation appeared to determine if that potential is realized. Key words: Carthamus tinctorius, safflower, winter hardiness, cold tolerance

scholarly journals Relationship between Plasma Ferritin Level and Siderocyte Number in Splenectomizedβ-Thalassemia/HbE Patients

Anemia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tripatara ◽  
N. Srichana ◽  
P. Lamool ◽  
S. Amnuaykan ◽  
P. Hongart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Overload ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Excess Iron ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve Analysis ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Iron Deposits ◽  
Complete Blood Counts ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. In iron overload status, excess iron deposits in reticuloendothelial cells and tissues and can be detected using Prussian blue staining. The aim of this paper was to investigate the relationship between siderocyte numbers and plasma ferritin levels (a practically standard marker of iron overload) in the blood of the splenectomized and nonsplenectomizedβ-thalassemia/HbE patients, who are at risk of iron overload.Methods. EDTA blood samples from 64 patients with 35 splenectomized and 29 nonsplenectomizedβ-thalassemia/HbE patients, who received regular blood transfusions, and 20 normal individuals were investigated for siderocyte numbers, plasma ferritin levels, and complete blood counts.Results. The average percent siderocytes in splenectomized and nonsplenectomizedβ-thalassemia/HbE patients were 11.5% and 0.08%, respectively, and plasma ferritin levels of 2,332 μg/L and 1,279 μg/L, respectively. Percent siderocytes showed a good correlation with plasma ferritin levels only in splenectomized patients (r=0.69,P<0.001). A receiver operating curve analysis from splenectomized patients’ data indicated that siderocytes at 3% cut-off are the best predictor for plasma ferritin level ≥1,000 μg/L with 92.9% sensitivity and 42.9% specificity.Conclusion. Circulating siderocyte numbers can be used as a screening test for the assessment of the iron overload in splenectomizedβ-thalassemia/HbE patients in the place where serum ferritin is not available.

scholarly journals INTERACTION OF HARVEST TIME AND STORAGE ON ATTRIBUTES OF EATING QUALITY IN ACORN SQUASH

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 496D-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Brent Loy
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
The Relationship

Premature harvest of acorn squash is a widespread problem because fruits reach maximum size and optimum color within 20 days after pollination (DAP), well before peak dry matter and sugar content occur. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between harvest date and physiological factors affecting eating quality in Cucurbita pepo L. squash. In the summer of 2005, C. pepo squash cultivars were evaluated at three harvest dates, 25, 35, and 45 days after pollination (DAP), with or without a 10-day storage period at 21 °C. Four F1 hybrid cultivars carrying powdery mildew tolerance (PMT) were evaluated: a semi-bush, commercial acorn cultivar (`Tip Top'), a high quality experimental acorn, bush hybrid (NH1634), and two sweet dumpling-type, semi-bush hybrids (NH1635 and 1636). Data were collected on mesocarp DW, oBrix (soluble solids), and partitioning of biomass between mesocarp tissue and developing embryos during storage. Peak DWs of 20% to 21% occurred at 25 DAP in NH1634, 1635 and 1636, and at 35 DAP in Tip Top (19.5 %). At 25 DAP, Brix was low (means of 5.9 to 7.2) across all cultivars. With harvest at 25 DAP plus 10 days storage, oBrix was low in Tip Top (7.1), but was higher than 10 in NH1634 and NH1636. Brix reached near maximum (13 to 15) at 45 DAP in NH1634, 1635 and 1636, and at 55 DAP in Tip Top (12). Embryos were small (DW = 8 to 19 mg) at 25 DAP and grew fairly linearly to a maximum at 55 DAP. Mean embryo DW at 55 DAP was 87.5 mg for Tip Top, 76.9 mg for NH1636, 57.1 mg for NH1634, and 28.5 mg for NH1635. The proportion of total fruit biomass expressed as energy equivalents (kJoules) allocated to embryos in mature fruit (45 DAP + 10 days storage) was 11.8% in NH1635, 18.7% in NH1634, 27.4% in Tip Top, and 30.2% in NH1636. Reallocation of assimilates from mesocarp tissue to developing embryos was a major contributing factor, along with respiration, to a reduction in mesocarp dry matter during storage.

Postoperative Blood Use Following Elective Total Hip and Total Knee Arthroplasty

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 1181-1181
Author(s):  
John Murnaghan ◽  
Yulia Lin ◽  
Helen Razmjou ◽  
Jeffrey Gollish ◽  
Deborah Murnaghan
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Transfusion Rate ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Estimated Blood Loss ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Abstract 1181 Use of allogeneic blood in elective procedures should be minimized due to risks of transfusion, potential adverse impact on outcomes, inconvenience to the patient, high cost and limited supply of blood. The purpose of this study was to examine the rate of transfusion following elective total hip (THA) and total knee arthroplasties (TKA) within a preoperative and perioperative blood management program and to examine the relationship between clinical and surgical parameters and blood transfusion. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of prospectively collected data of all consented patients who had undergone joint arthroplasty surgery between January and December, 2011. All patients attended a preoperative clinic 7–14 days prior to their surgery. The preoperative hemoglobin (Hgb) was measured. Transfusion rate was calculated for type of surgery (primary vs. revision and unilateral vs. bilateral). Impact of preoperative Hgb, age, sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), estimated blood loss, type of anaesthetic, type of anticoagulant (rivaroxaban vs. no rivaroxaban), surgeon and drop in hemoglobin (preoperative hemoglobin minus lowest post-operative hemoglobin documented on postoperative day 1, 2 or 3) were examined. Descriptive statistics examined the rate of transfusion in different procedures. Univariate analysis examined the relationship between each factor and having a transfusion. Stepwise logistic regression examined the impact of all factors together. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: 1605 patients [989 females (62%), mean age 66 (SD:11)] had surgery during 2011. Primary TKA: Unilateral 821 (51%), Bilateral TKA: 41 (3%), Revision TKA: 91 (6%), Primary THA: 588 (37%), Bilateral THA: 4 (0.02%), Revision THA: 60 (4%). Four percent (4%) of females had an Hgb <120 mg/L and 3% of males had an Hgb <130 mg/L at the preoperative visit. There were 1555 cases done under regional anaesthesia (spinal or epidural) and 129 cases received a general anaesthetic. Sixty-seven patients (4%) had a blood transfusion while in hospital. Thirty percent (30%) of the transfused women and 9% of the men had a low pre-operative Hgb. THA procedures required more transfusions than TKA (p=0.0012). Transfusion was associated with the following individual factors: age ≥ 80 years, female sex, low BMI (<18.5), increased estimated blood loss, larger drop in hemoglobin, type of anticoagulant (4% in rivaroxaban vs. 8% in non-rivaroxaban), revision surgery (vs. primary), simultaneous bilateral arthroplasty, general anesthesia (vs. spinal), and surgeon. Stepwise logistic regression analysis maintained the intra-operative blood loss, drop in Hgb, female sex, and age as significant independent factors in explaining the variation in blood transfusion. Discussion: This study was carried out in an independent orthopaedic facility for elective joint surgery. All patients are assessed medically prior to surgery and advised to take supplemental iron for 2 months prior to surgery. Four percent of females and 3% of males were found to be anemic preoperatively. Patients are admitted the morning of their surgery. Approximately 97% of the consented patients had a regional anesthetic (spinal and/or epidural) with sedation. Patients are transferred into the operating room after the anaesthetic was administered. Surgery is carried out without the routine use of cell saver, tranexamic acid or drains. Approximately 50% of the surgeons deflate the tourniquet in a total knee arthroplasty prior to closure of the capsule. Thromboprophylaxis is initiated with rivaroxaban 10 mg on postoperative day 1. The general transfusion trigger for symptomatic patients is a hemoglobin of 80 g/L. Transfusions can be ordered by staff surgeon, hospitalist, medical consultant or Orthopaedic fellow. The blood bank does not group and screen patients scheduled for routine primary total hip or total knee arthroplasty. Following these practices, we observed a transfusion rate for primary THA of 5% and primary TKA of 3% while using rivaroxaban for thromboprophylaxis starting on postoperative day 1. Conclusion: The present study confirmed that intra-operative blood loss, drop in the hemoglobin, being a female, and older than 80 years of age as risk factors in relation to need for blood transfusion following elective total joint arthroplasty. Transfusion rates were not higher when rivaroxaban was used for thromboprophylaxis. Disclosures: Murnaghan: Bayer Healthcare: Honoraria, Research Funding. Off Label Use: Rivaroxaban was used perioperatively for thromboprophylaxis. Our protocol gave the intial dose on postoperative day 1 rather than the 6–10 hours post-operatively recommended by the manufacturer in product monograph. Gollish:Bayer Healthcare: Honoraria, Research Funding.

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