A review of Takotsubo (broken-heart) syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Holly Younger
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Coronary Artery Spasm ◽  
Takotsubo Syndrome ◽  
Broken Heart Syndrome ◽  
Definitive Answer ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Year 2000

Background/aims Approximately 2500 people each year in the UK are affected by Takotsubo syndrome. The syndrome is linked to stress and has a higher incidence in women. With a growing population, the number of cases is set to rise. This article examines risk factors and possible causes of Takotsubo syndrome, such as transient ischaemia, catecholamine levels, oestrogen levels and coronary artery spasm. Issues around accurate diagnosis and treatment options are also discussed. Methods A literature review was carried out using online databases such as CINAHL and BNI, incorporating international journals from the year 2000 onwards, to give a broad spectrum of information. Results It is clear from the literature review that Takotsubo syndrome is still widely misunderstood, which can lead to misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment. There are many theories as to the cause of Takotsubo syndrome, but no definitive answer. Conclusions Further research around Takotsubo syndrome is needed to minimise misdiagnosis. Further studies into ECG and troponin changes associated with Takotsubo syndrome may make it possible for Takotsubo syndrome to be diagnosed on admission and not mistaken for acute coronary syndrome.

scholarly journals Takotsubo Syndrome: A Review of Presentation, Diagnosis and Management

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 117954682110657
Author(s):  
Joseph Assad ◽  
Giuseppe Femia ◽  
Patrick Pender ◽  
Tamer Badie ◽  
Rohan Rajaratnam
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Stunning ◽  
Ventricular Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Takotsubo Syndrome ◽  
Diagnostic Strategies ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Post Menopausal

Takotsubo Syndrome (TTS) is a condition of transient left ventricular dysfunction that is typically triggered by emotional or physical stress. Since first described in Japan in 1990, it has increasingly been recognised in clinical practice, accounting for up to 2% of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) presentations. In fact, the clinical presentation can be indistinguishable from a myocardial infarction. Although current evidence suggests a catecholamine induced myocardial stunning, the pathophysiological mechanisms remain unknown. Interestingly, it is more common in woman, particularly those who are post-menopausal. This review aims to summarise the current research and provide an overview of the diagnostic strategies and treatment options.

Takotsubo syndrome and acute coronary syndrome: case report and literature review

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serpil Yaylaci ◽  
Tuba Cimilli Ozturk ◽  
Mustafa Serinken ◽  
Cenker Eken ◽  
Ozgur Karcioglu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Takotsubo Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

scholarly journals Takotsubo Syndrome: Clinical Manifestations, Etiology and Pathogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Prokudina ◽  
Boris K. Kurbatov ◽  
Konstantin V. Zavadovsky ◽  
Alexander V. Vrublevsky ◽  
Natalia V. Naryzhnaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Spasm ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Adrenergic System ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Qtc Interval ◽  
Takotsubo Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

: The purpose of the review is the analysis of clinical and experimental data on the etiology and pathogenesis of takotsubo syndrome (TS). TS is characterized by contractile dysfunction, which usually affects the apical region of the heart, lack of coronary artery obstruction, moderate increase in myocardial necrosis markers, prolonged QTc interval (in 50% of patients), sometimes elevation of ST segment (in 19% of patients), increase N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide level, microvascular dysfunction, sometimes spasm of the epicardial coronary arteries (in 10% of patients), myocardial edema, and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias (in 11% of patients). Stress cardiomyopathy is a rare disease, it is observed in 0.6 - 2.5% of patients with acute coronary syndrome. The occurrence of takotsubo syndrome is 9 times higher in women, who are aged 60-70 years old , than in men. The hospital mortality among patients with TS corresponds to 3.5% - 12%. In many patients with TS, but not in all, physical or emotional stress precedes the disease. Many patients with TS, but not all, have neurological or mental illnesses. The level of catecholamines is increased in patients with TS, therefore, the occurrence of TS is associated with the excessive activation of the adrenergic system. The negative inotropic effect of catecholamines is associated with the activation of β2 adrenergic receptors. An important role of the adrenergic system in the pathogenesis of TS is confirmed by studies which were performed using 125I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (125I –MIBG). TS causes edema and inflammation of the myocardium. The inflammatory response in TS is systemic. TS causes impaired coronary microcirculation and reduces coronary reserve. There is reason to believe that an increase in blood viscosity may play an important role in the pathogenesis of microcirculatory dysfunction in patients with TS. Epicardial coronary artery spasm is not obligatory for the occurrence of TS. Cortisol, endothelin-1 and microRNAs are challengers for the role of TS triggers. A decrease in estrogen levels is a factor contributing to the onset of TS. The central nervous system appears to play an important role in the pathogenesis of TS.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Sudden Death in a Patient with Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Secondary to Cardiac Rupture

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarun Dalia ◽  
Bashar S. Amr ◽  
Ankit Agrawal ◽  
Archana Gautam ◽  
Venkata Rakesh Sethapati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Rupture ◽  
Broken Heart Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Ovid Medline

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM), also known as broken heart syndrome or stress-induced cardiomyopathy, is a rare condition with an estimated incidence of 0.02% of all hospitalizations in United States and 2% of all acute coronary syndrome presentations. TCM predominately presents as a transient wall motion abnormality of the left ventricular apex due to emotional or physical stress. Cardiac rupture in the setting of TCM is an extremely rare phenomenon with limited published case reports. We present a case of a 75-year-old female who had cardiac rupture secondary to TCM and performed a literature review using Ovid MEDLINE for published cases showing this association. After the literature review, we found 20 cases showing this association, which are listed in a tabular fashion.

Takotsubo Syndrome and Acute Coronary Syndrome: Case Report and Literature Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serpil Yaylaci ◽  
Tuba Cimilli Ozturk ◽  
Mustafa Serinken ◽  
Cenker Eken ◽  
Ozgur Karcioglu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Takotsubo Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

Human herpes virus 8-positive germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder: first case diagnosed in the UK, literature review and discussion of treatment options

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. e231640
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ghoneima ◽  
Joanna Cooke ◽  
Emily Shaw ◽  
Avi Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Human Herpes Virus 8 ◽  
Human Herpes Virus ◽  
First Case ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
The Uk

We present this case of human herpes virus 8-positive germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder in a 20-year-old woman seen in the surgical oncology clinic for localised lymphadenopathy. This is the first case to be reported in the UK, and we discuss it along with a literature review including investigations and treatment options. This will demonstrate the importance of preoperative workup and multidisciplinary teamwork in deciding management plans and serve as a guide for future encounters of this rare condition in clinical practice.

scholarly journals The Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality of Stroke in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK, and the US: A Literature Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Younan Zhang ◽  
Ann-Marie Chapman ◽  
Melanie Plested ◽  
Daniel Jackson ◽  
Francisco Purroy
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Online Sources ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Incidence Prevalence

Background. Although the burden of stroke in terms of mortality and disability has been well documented in previous years, data after 2000 are limited. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to identify the epidemiology of stroke in the US and EU5 nations from data published in 2000 and later.Methods. Data from literature databases and online sources were collated to identify information relating to the incidence, prevalence, and mortality of stroke from the year 2000 onwards.Results and Conclusions. Twenty-three data sources were identified. The incidence of and mortality due to stroke both increase with age and are greater in males compared to females. Stroke is a common problem and likely to worsen in the US and EU5 as their populations age. However, pre-2000 trends of decreasing stroke mortality over time have continued after 2000, reflecting a consistent improvement in the treatment and care of patients with stroke.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of gout flare prophylaxis and therapy use in people with chronic kidney disease: a Gout, Hyperuricemia and Crystal-Associated Disease Network (G-CAN)-initiated literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huai Leng Pisaniello ◽  
Mark C. Fisher ◽  
Hamish Farquhar ◽  
Ana Beatriz Vargas-Santos ◽  
Catherine L. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Clinical Trial Results ◽  
Gout Flare

AbstractGout flare prophylaxis and therapy use in people with underlying chronic kidney disease (CKD) is challenging, given limited treatment options and risk of worsening renal function with inappropriate treatment dosing. This literature review aimed to describe the current literature on the efficacy and safety of gout flare prophylaxis and therapy use in people with CKD stages 3–5. A literature search via PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE was performed from 1 January 1959 to 31 January 2018. Inclusion criteria were studies with people with gout and renal impairment (i.e. estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or creatinine clearance (CrCl) < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2), and with exposure to colchicine, interleukin-1 inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and glucocorticoids. All study designs were included. A total of 33 studies with efficacy and/or safety analysis stratified by renal function were reviewed—colchicine (n = 20), anakinra (n = 7), canakinumab (n = 1), NSAIDs (n = 3), and glucocorticoids (n = 2). A total of 58 studies reported these primary outcomes without renal function stratification—colchicine (n = 29), anakinra (n = 10), canakinumab (n = 6), rilonacept (n = 2), NSAIDs (n = 1), and glucocorticoids (n = 10). Most clinical trials excluded study participants with severe CKD (i.e. eGFR or CrCl of < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2). Information on the efficacy and safety outcomes of gout flare prophylaxis and therapy use stratified by renal function is lacking. Clinical trial results cannot be extrapolated for those with advanced CKD. Where possible, current and future gout flare studies should include patients with CKD and with study outcomes reported based on renal function and using standardised gout flare definition.

scholarly journals Dynamic Left Intraventricular Obstruction Phenotype in Takotsubo Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3235
Author(s):  
Davide Di Vece ◽  
Angelo Silverio ◽  
Michele Bellino ◽  
Gennaro Galasso ◽  
Carmine Vecchione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Hemodynamic Instability ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Takotsubo Syndrome ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Lv Dysfunction ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Selection Of

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is characterized by acute, generally transient left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Although TTS has been long regarded as a benign condition, recent evidence showed that rate of acute complications and in-hospital mortality is comparable to that of patients with acute coronary syndrome. In particular, the prevalence of cardiogenic shock ranges between 6% and 20%. In this setting, detection of mechanisms leading to cardiogenic shock can be challenging. Besides a severely impaired systolic function, onset of LV outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) together with mitral regurgitation related to systolic anterior motion of mitral valve leaflets can lead to hemodynamic instability. Early identification of LVOTO with echocardiography is crucial and has important implications on selection of the appropriate therapy. Application of short-acting b1-selective betablockers and prudent administration of fluids might help to resolve LVOTO. Conversely, inotrope agents may increase basal hypercontractility and worsen the intraventricular pressure gradient. To date, outcomes and management of patients with TTS complicated by LVOTO as yet has not been comprehensively investigated.

“Proximalization is Advancement”—Zone 3 Frozen Elephant Trunk vs Zone 2 Frozen Elephant Trunk: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 153857442110024
Author(s):  
Rozina Yasmin Choudhury ◽  
Kamran Basharat ◽  
Syeda Anum Zahra ◽  
Tien Tran ◽  
Lara Rimmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Frozen Elephant Trunk ◽  
Elephant Trunk ◽  
Descending Aorta ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Aortic Pathologies

Over the decades, the Frozen Elephant Trunk (FET) technique has gained immense popularity allowing simplified treatment of complex aortic pathologies. FET is frequently used to treat aortic conditions involving the distal aortic arch and the proximal descending aorta in a single stage. Surgical preference has recently changed from FET procedures being performed at Zone 3 to Zone 2. There are several advantages of Zone 2 FET over Zone 3 FET including reduction in spinal cord injury, visceral ischemia, neurological and cardiovascular sequelae. In addition, Zone 2 FET is a technically less complicated procedure. Literature on the comparison between Zone 3 and Zone 2 FET is scarce and primarily observational and anecdotal. Therefore, further research is warranted in this paradigm to substantiate current surgical treatment options for complex aortic pathologies. In this review, we explore literature surrounding FET and the reasons for the shift in surgical preference from Zone 3 to Zone 2.

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