scholarly journals PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL RESEARCH OF PROCESSES OF SALT FORMATION IN THE WATER OF BALKHASH LAKE

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrzabay Dzhetimov ◽  
Erlan Andasbayev ◽  
Ilias Esengabylov ◽  
Sayle Koyanbekova ◽  
Erkyn Tokpanov
Keyword(s):  
Salt Formation ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Physical And Chemical

scholarly journals PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL RESEARCH OF PROCESSES OF SALT FORMATION IN THE WATER OF BALKHASH LAKE

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 400-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrzabay Dzhetimov ◽  
Erlan Andasbayev ◽  
Ilias Esengabylov ◽  
Sayle Koyanbekova ◽  
Erkyn Tokpanov
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Saturated Solution ◽  
Potassium Sulfate ◽  
Salt Formation ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
River Ili

In recent years about 5.04 million tons of salts a year arrive down the River Ili to Balkhash Lake.  Using water of the Ili River for filling the Kapchagaisky reservoirreduced volume of arriving water from the river to 2/3 and decreased  level of the lake. It causes  mineralization, which advances forecasts. Complex research of influence of the IliRiver on the current state of salt formation in Balkhash Lake is needed as well as hydrochemical research of the water area of Balkhash Lake and the Ili River. In our study the chemical analysis of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of water with use of classical and physical and chemical methods of the analysis, such as, nuclear and absorbing, roentgen fluоrescence spectrometry and crystal and optical analysis was realized. It is established that crystallization of salts begins with calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite, crystals of nesquehonite join this process, and in deposit the main carbonate of magnesium drops out. Processes of metamorfization with participation of ions of carbonate, hydro carbonate and calcium, are bringing calcite sedimentation. They occur everywhere, but processes with participation of magnesium ions are bringing magnesite or dolomite sedimentation only in extreme east stretch of the lake. In saturated solutions of carbonates there is an increase in ions of potassium in sediment. Thus, their quantities increase a little. It is especially sharp for sulfate and sodium chloride in the direction from the west to the east. The calcium carbonate in the firm phase possesses more absorbing ability, than magnesium carbonate, and the presence of ions of potassium at sediment doesn't change structure of the last. At isothermal evaporation of mix of solutions of potassium carbonate with saturated solution of calcium carbonate, and also potassium sulfate with saturated solution of calcium sulfate and the joint sedimentation of potassium is noticed.

scholarly journals Effect of ettringite morphology on the properties of expanding cement systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 01037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Kharchenco ◽  
Vyacheslav Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Concrete Composition ◽  
Building Site ◽  
Reaction Solution ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Ready Mixed Concrete ◽  
Micro Fillers

The effect of the pH of the reaction solution on the crystallization process and the ettringite morphology is theoretically substantiated and experimentally proved. Using physical and chemical research methods, the dependence of the morphology of crystallizing ettringite on the pH value of the reaction solution was established. It has been established that by introducing mineral micro fillers into the composition of expanding cement, it is possible to actively influence the pH value, the morphology of the resulting ettringite, the expansion kinetics, and the strength of cement stone and concrete based on it. The studies of the technical properties of concrete on the basis of expanding cements of various types have shown that with the introduction of micro fillers into the concrete composition, which intensify volume expansion during hydration of cement stone at the building site or factories for the production of ready-mixed concrete, it is possible to control the kinetics and extent of expansion, expansion pressure, deformative and strength characteristics of concrete and reinforced concrete structures.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL RESEARCH INTO (2Bi2O3•B2O3)100-x – (2 Bi2O3•3GeO2)x SYSTEM AND ELECTROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF OBTAINED ALLOYS

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-434
Author(s):  
S.I. Bananyarli ◽  
◽  
R.N. Gasimova ◽  
Sh.S. Ismayilov ◽  
L.A. Khalilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrophysical Properties ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Physical And Chemical

scholarly journals Takamine and Saha: Contacts with Western Astrophysics

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 732-733
Author(s):  
David H. Devorkin
Keyword(s):  
Stark Effect ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
The West ◽  
Ionization Equilibrium ◽  
Home Base ◽  
Japanese Scholar ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In the fall of 1920 two young scholars happened to meet in London and found they had many interests in common in laboratory spectroscopy and astrophysics. One was an Indian and the other a Japanese, and their paths crossed as they visited American and European centers to learn the tools and techniques of the quantum theory. The young Japanese scholar, T. Takamine, whose home base was then the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research in Tokyo, was delighted to have met Meghnad Saha, from Calcutta, who was just putting the finishing touches on his fourth paper on ionization equilibrium in the atmospheres of the sun and stars. When they met, Takamine and Saha spoke of Sommerfeld’s theories, and pledged to keep in touch. Thus began a correspondence that lasted for some twenty years, as Takamine returned to Japan from his long visits to American and European observatories and spectroscopic laboratories, and Saha returned to India. Of the two, Takamine had stayed the longer time in the West, mainly at Mount Wilson where he was in residence through much of 1919 working with John Anderson and A. S. King, and published on the ”The Stark Effect for Metals.” Takamine also returned to Mount Wilson in 1924, and toured many spectroscopic laboratories in the United States continuing to hone his interests and technique. Elsewhere I have examined Saha’s contacts with western astrophysics. Here I examine briefly how Takamine established and maintained contacts in the West and why he did so.

Trichromatic Concept at SPring-8 RIKEN Beamline I

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Yamamoto ◽  
Takashi Kumasaka ◽  
Tetsuro Fujisawa ◽  
Tatzuo Ueki
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Protein Crystallography ◽  
Protein Crystal ◽  
Anomalous Scattering ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Intensity Data ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Multiple Wavelength ◽  
Physical And Chemical

SPring-8 RIKEN beamline I has been designed and developed for structural biology research by the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN). The beamline consists of two experimental stations for protein crystallography and small-angle X-ray scattering. Both types of experiments can be carried out simultaneously, with dichromatic synchrotron radiation emitted from two coaxial undulators with vertical polarization. The branched beams are generated by a transparent diamond crystal. With synchrotron radiation, the multiple-wavelength anomalous-dispersion (MAD) method, which gives phases from a single anomalous scatterer, has been developed. Anomalous scattering contributes a small proportion of the diffraction intensity so that the accuracy of intensity data is important. The protein crystallography branch of RIKEN beamline I has been designed based on a `trichromatic concept' to optimize MAD data collection. This concept requires the quasi-simultaneous collection, by use of a `trichromator', of three intensity data sets at three different wavelengths from a single protein crystal without changing any settings. The main feature of the concept is the minimization of systematic errors in the measurement of anomalous diffraction for the MAD method. Initial commissioning of the beamline has provided three different monochromated undulator beams, which were successfully observed on the phosphor screen located at the near end of the trichromator.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Ligand and Different Ligand Heterometal Xylaratohermanates on the Activity of α-L-Rhamnosidases Eupenicillium erubescens, Cryptococcus albidus and Penicillium tardum

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
O.V. Gudzenko ◽  
◽  
N.V. Borzova ◽  
L.D. Varbanets ◽  
I.I. Seifullina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Mixed Ligand ◽  
Cryptococcus Albidus ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Biotechnological Processes ◽  
Physical And Chemical

α-L-Rhamnosidase [EC 3.2.1.40], enzyme of the hydrolase family has a wide range of applications: in the food industry, for example, in winemaking to improve the quality and aroma of wines, in the production of citrus juices and drinks to remove bitter components (naringin) that improves the quality and nutritional value of these products; in research as an analytical tool for studying the structure of complex carbohydrate-substituted biopolymers. For the successful use of α-L-rhamnosidases in various biotechnological processes, an important aspect is the development of ways to increase their activity. The main factors affecting the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, including the synthesis of enzymes, are the physicochemical conditions of cultivation, the composition of the nutrient medium, the introduction of substances that raise the yield of the enzyme, which is manifested in an increase in its activity. At present, one of the priority directions of modern research is the study of the effect of various effector compounds that are capable to modify the studied enzymatic activity. In this work, which is a continuation of previous studies, a number of mixed-ligand and mixed-ligand-different-metal coordination germanium compounds of with xylaric acid (H5Xylar), 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen), 2,2-bipyridine (bipy) and ions of 3d-metals (Fe2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+) were selected as effectors. Study of the effect of these complexes on the activity of Eupenicillium erubescens, Cryptococcus аlbidus and Penicillium tardum α-L-rhamnosidases were the aim of this work. Methods. The objects of research were α-Lrhamnosidases from Eupenicillium erubescens 248, Cryptococcus albidus 1001, and Penicillium tardum IMV F-100074. The α-L-rhamnosidase activity was determined by the Davis method using naringin as a substrate. We used 12 coordination compounds of germanium as modifiers of enzyme activity, the composition and structure of which were established using a combination of physical and chemical research methods: elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, IR spectroscopy and X-ray structural analysis. Structures of seven compounds are deposited in the Cambridge Crystallographic Database. When studying the effect of various compounds on the activity of enzymes, concentrations of 0.1 and 0.01% were used, exposure times were 0.5 and 24 hours. The test compounds were dissolved in 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide. UV-spectra of absorption of native and chemical modified preparations of the enzymes were studied by spectrophotometer-fluorimeter DeNovix DS-11 in the range of 220–340 nm, concentration of the enzyme preparation 1.0 mg of protein/mL. Results. Analysis of the totality of the obtained data (exposure time 24 h, concentration 0.1%) regarding the effect of the studied compounds on the activity of E. erubescens, C. albidus and P. tardum α-L-rhamnosidases showed that the influence of the studied modifiers for the activity of α-L-rhamnosidases varies depending on the producer strain. Our data allow us to present the following series of modifiers in accordance with an increase in their effect on the activity of enzymes of different producers: E. еrubescens: 12 < 11 < 5 < 3 < 4=10 < 1 < 3 < 8 < 2 < 6 < 7; C. albidus: 10 < 11 < 12 < 9 < 3 < 1=5 < 8=4 < 2 < 6 < 7; P. tardum: 12=2 < 3 < 4 < 11 < 5 < 8 < 1 < 9 < 6 < 10 < 7. Conclusions. The results obtained allow us to conclude that compound (7)(-tris(bipyridine) nickel(II) μ-dihydroxyxylaratogermanate(IV)) is the most effective activator of α-L-rhamnosidases of all three micromycete strains, compound (6)(tris(phenanthroline)nickel(II) μ-dihydroxyxylaratogermanate(IV)) − on α-L-rhamnosidase from E. erubescens and C. albidus, while compound (10)-(copper(II) μ-dihydroxyxylaratogermanate(IV)-cuprate(II)) − only of P. tardum α-L-rhamnosidase.

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