scholarly journals Photocontrol of Polypeptide Membrane Structure and Functions by cis-trans Isomerization in Side-Chain Azobenzenesulfonate Groups

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 533-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morimasa Sato ◽  
Takatoshi Kinoshita ◽  
Akira Takizawa ◽  
Yoshiharu Tsujita ◽  
Toshihiko Osada
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Trans Isomerization ◽  
Structure And Functions

scholarly journals Oxidative stress as a factor in the deterioration of oxygen transfer during exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
L.M. Gunina ◽  
◽  
I.L. Rybina ◽  
Yu.A. Ataman ◽  
V.L. Voitenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Membrane Structure ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Heterogeneous Structure ◽  
Activity Increase ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Endogenous Erythropoietin ◽  
Structure And Functions

Blood oxygen transport regulation by physical activity increase within training dynamics is provided with different mechanisms: from the quantitative and qualitative erythron restructure (including endogenous erythropoietin rise and main erythrocyte index shifts) to change in haemoglobin affinity to oxygen, its heterogeneous structure and blood flow growth as a result of endothelium hyperpolarisation. However, the erythrocyte itself remains a key performer in blood velocity control, due to its structure and functions. This review summarizes the data of modern scientific literature on the characteristics of erythrocytes, which make these cells one of the key links in the oxygen transport system of the blood. The focus on this property of erythrocytes during physical activity is based on the fact that the athlete’s muscles must be supplied with enough oxygen to ensure high performance. Specific training and extra-training factors affecting the content of erythrocytes have been determined. The membrane structure is treated as a significant erythrocyte part in determining its deformation and microvascular blood transport. Enzymes associated with the erythrocyte membrane and affecting cell viability and performance are described. Besides, it is stressed on monitoring erythrocyte indices via modern equipment and assessing lipid peroxidation, which leads to disorders in erythrocyte membrane structure and functions.

Lack of correlation between hepatic mitochondrial membrane structure and functions in ethanol-fed rats

Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 216 (4552) ◽  
pp. 1319-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gordon ◽  
J Rochman ◽  
M Arai ◽  
C. Lieber
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Structure And Functions

Photocontrol of polypeptide membrane functions by cis-trans isomerization in side-chain azobenzene groups

1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takatoshi Kinoshita ◽  
Morimasa Sato ◽  
Akira Takizawa ◽  
Yoshiharu Tsujita
Keyword(s):  
Side Chain ◽  
Trans Isomerization ◽  
Azobenzene Groups

A study of the cis–trans isomerization preference of N-alkylated peptides containing phosphorus in the side chain and backbone

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (32) ◽  
pp. 12804-12813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander F. de la Torre ◽  
Akbar Ali ◽  
Odette Concepcion ◽  
Ana L. Montero-Alejo ◽  
Francisco M. Muñiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Work ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Trans Isomerization

The current work provides a study on the cis–trans isomerization behaviour of N-alkylated peptides decorated with phosphonate ester groups.

Thermal Cis-Trans Isomerization Rates of Azobenzenes Bound in the Side Chain of Some Copolymers and Blends

1994 ◽  
Vol 27 (17) ◽  
pp. 4781-4786 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Barrett ◽  
A. Natansohn ◽  
P. Rochon
Keyword(s):  
Side Chain ◽  
Trans Isomerization

Bimolecular and Monomolecular Lipid Films: Selected Area Electron Diffraction

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
Robert M. Glaeser ◽  
David W. Deamer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Molecular Organization ◽  
Membrane Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Membrane Systems ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Lipid Films ◽  
Ultimate Objective

In the investigation of the molecular organization of cell membranes it is often supposed that lipid molecules are arranged in a bimolecular film. X-ray diffraction data obtained in a direction perpendicular to the plane of suitably layered membrane systems have generally been interpreted in accord with such a model of the membrane structure. The present studies were begun in order to determine whether selected area electron diffraction would provide a tool of sufficient sensitivity to permit investigation of the degree of intermolecular order within lipid films. The ultimate objective would then be to apply the method to single fragments of cell membrane material in order to obtain data complementary to the transverse data obtainable by x-ray diffraction.

Cellulose Acetate Reverse Osmosis Membrane Structure

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 528-529
Author(s):  
H. K. Plummer ◽  
E. Eichen ◽  
C. D. Melvin
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Water Removal ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Membrane ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Scanning Electron

Much of the work reported in the literature on cellulose acetate reverse osmosis membranes has raised new and important questions with regard to the dense or “active” layer of these membranes. Several thickness values and structures have been attributed to the dense layer. To ensure the correct interpretation of the cellulose acetate structure thirteen different preparative techniques have been used in this investigation. These thirteen methods included various combinations of water substitution, freeze drying, freeze sectioning, fracturing, embedding, and microtomy techniques with both transmission and scanning electron microscope observations.It was observed that several factors can cause a distortion of the structure during sample preparation. The most obvious problem of water removal can cause swelling, shrinking, and folds. Improper removal of embedding materials, when used, can cause a loss of electron image contrast and, or structure which could hinder interpretation.

Warm and freeze-fracture of cotton seed radicles

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 984-985
Author(s):  
E. L. Vigil ◽  
E. F. Erbe
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Fracture Plane ◽  
Cotton Seeds ◽  
Condensed Water

In cotton seeds the radicle has 12% moisture content which makes it possible to prepare freeze-fracture replicas without fixation or cryoprotection. For this study we have examined replicas of unfixed radicle tissue fractured at room temperature to obtain data on organelle and membrane structure.Excised radicles from seeds of cotton (Gossyplum hirsutum L. M-8) were fractured at room temperature along the longitudinal axis. The fracture was initiated by spliting the basal end of the excised radicle with a razor. This procedure produced a fracture through the tissue along an unknown fracture plane. The warm fractured radicle halves were placed on a thin film of 100% glycerol on a flat brass cap with fracture surface up. The cap was rapidly plunged into liquid nitrogen and transferred to a freeze- etch unit. The sample was etched for 3 min at -95°C to remove any condensed water vapor and then cooled to -150°C for platinum/carbon evaporation.

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