scholarly journals The Growth Profiles of Three Types of Canine Distemper Virus on Vero Cells Expressing Canine Signaling Lymphocyte Activation Molecule

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi LAN ◽  
Ryoji YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Kazushige KAI ◽  
Kazuyuki UCHIDA ◽  
Atsushi KATO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Growth Profiles

scholarly journals Efficient Isolation of Wild Strains of Canine Distemper Virus in Vero Cells Expressing Canine SLAM (CD150) and Their Adaptability to Marmoset B95a Cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (18) ◽  
pp. 9943-9950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumio Seki ◽  
Nobuyuki Ono ◽  
Ryoji Yamaguchi ◽  
Yusuke Yanagi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fusion Analysis

ABSTRACT We have previously shown that canine signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM; also known as CD150) acts as a cellular receptor for canine distemper virus (CDV). In this study, we established Vero cells stably expressing canine SLAM (Vero.DogSLAMtag cells). Viruses were isolated in Vero.DogSLAMtag cells one day after inoculation with spleen samples from five out of seven dogs with distemper. By contrast, virus isolation with reportedly sensitive marmoset B95a cells was only successful from three diseased animals at 7 to 10 days after inoculation, and no virus was recovered from any dogs when Vero cells were used for isolation. The CDV strain isolated in Vero.DogSLAMtag cells did not cause cytopathic effects in B95a and human SLAM-expressing Vero cells, whereas the strain isolated in B95a cells from the same dog did so in canine or human SLAM-expressing Vero cells as well as B95a cells. There were two amino acid differences in the hemagglutinin sequence between these strains. Cell fusion analysis after expression of envelope proteins and vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotype assay showed that their hemagglutinins were responsible for the difference in cell tropism between them. Site-directed mutagenesis indicated that glutamic acid to lysine substitution at position 530 of the hemagglutinin was required for the adaptation to the usage of marmoset SLAM. Our results indicate that Vero cells stably expressing canine SLAM are highly sensitive to CDV in clinical specimens and that only a single amino acid substitution in the hemagglutinin can allow the virus to adapt to marmoset SLAM.

scholarly journals Nectin4 Is an Epithelial Cell Receptor for Canine Distemper Virus and Involved in Neurovirulence

2012 ◽  
Vol 86 (18) ◽  
pp. 10207-10210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Watanyoo Pratakpiriya ◽  
Fumio Seki ◽  
Noriyuki Otsuki ◽  
Kouji Sakai ◽  
Hideo Fukuhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Efficient Replication

Canine distemper virus (CDV) uses signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM), expressed on immune cells, as a receptor. However, epithelial and neural cells are also affected by CDVin vivo. Wild-type CDV strains showed efficient replication with syncytia in Vero cells expressing dog nectin4, and the infection was blocked by an anti-nectin4 antibody. In dogs with distemper, CDV antigen was preferentially detected in nectin4-positive neurons and epithelial cells, suggesting that nectin4 is an epithelial cell receptor for CDV and also involved in its neurovirulence.

Canine Distemper Virus Induces Apoptosis Through Caspase-3 and -8 Activation in Vero Cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 273-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kajita ◽  
H. Katayama ◽  
T. Murata ◽  
C. Kai ◽  
M. Hori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Canine Distemper

Inhibition of canine distemper virus replication by blocking pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis with A77 1726, the active metabolite of the anti-inflammatory drug leflunomide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Li ◽  
Li Yi ◽  
Sipeng Cheng ◽  
Yongshan Wang ◽  
Jiongjiong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Active Metabolite ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Nucleotide Synthesis ◽  
Pyrimidine Nucleotide ◽  
Rate Limiting

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is the aetiological agent that causes canine distemper (CD). Currently, no antiviral drugs have been approved for CD treatment. A77 1726 is the active metabolite of the anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) drug leflunomide. It inhibits the activity of Janus kinases (JAKs) and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHO-DHase), a rate-limiting enzyme in de novo pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. A77 1726 also inhibits the activity of p70 S6 kinase (S6K1), a serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates and activates carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase (CAD), a second rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo pathway of pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. Our present study focuses on the ability of A77 1726 to inhibit CDV replication and its underlying mechanisms. Here we report that A77 1726 decreased the levels of the N and M proteins of CDV and lowered the virus titres in the conditioned media of CDV-infected Vero cells. CDV replication was not inhibited by Ruxolitinib (Rux), a JAK-specific inhibitor, but by brequinar sodium (BQR), a DHO-DHase-specific inhibitor, and PF-4708671, an S6K1-specific inhibitor. Addition of exogenous uridine, which restores intracellular pyrimidine nucleotide levels, blocked the antiviral activity of A77 1726, BQR and PF-4708671. A77 1726 and PF-4708671 inhibited the activity of S6K1 in CDV-infected Vero cells, as evidenced by the decreased levels of CAD and S6 phosphorylation. S6K1 knockdown suppressed CDV replication and enhanced the antiviral activity of A77 1726. These observations collectively suggest that the antiviral activity of A77 1726 against CDV is mediated by targeting pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis via inhibiting DHO-DHase activity and S6K1-mediated CAD activation.

scholarly journals Specificity of Morbillivirus Hemagglutinins to Recognize SLAM of Different Species

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Fukuhara ◽  
Yuri Ito ◽  
Miyuki Sako ◽  
Mizuho Kajikawa ◽  
Koki Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measles Virus ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Binding Potential ◽  
Tissue Tropism ◽  
Receptor Recognition ◽  
Mutagenesis Study ◽  
H Protein

Measles virus (MV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) are highly contagious and deadly, forming part of the morbillivirus genus. The receptor recognition by morbillivirus hemagglutinin (H) is important for determining tissue tropism and host range. Recent reports largely urge caution as regards to the potential expansion of host specificities of morbilliviruses. Nonetheless, the receptor-binding potential in different species of morbillivirus H proteins is largely unknown. Herein, we show that the CDV-H protein binds to the dog signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM), but not to the human, tamarin, or mouse SLAM. In contrast, MV-H can bind to human, tamarin and dog SLAM, but not to that of mice. Notably, MV binding to dog SLAM showed a lower affinity and faster kinetics than that of human SLAM, and MV exhibits a similar entry activity in dog SLAM- and human SLAM-expressing Vero cells. The mutagenesis study using a fusion assay, based on the MV-H–SLAM complex structure, revealed differences in tolerance for the receptor specificity between MV-H and CDV-H. These results provide insights into H-SLAM specificity related to potential host expansion.

scholarly journals Canine distemper virus detection in asymptomatic and non vaccinated dogs

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen L. Del Puerto ◽  
Anilton C. Vasconcelos ◽  
Luciana Moro ◽  
Fabiana Alves ◽  
Gissandra F. Braz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Dissociation Curves

A quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed canine distemper virus presence in peripheral blood samples from asymptomatic and non vaccinated dogs. Samples from eleven domestic dogs with no signs of canine distemper and not vaccinated at the month of collection were used. Canine distemper virus vaccine samples in VERO cells were used as positive controls. RNA was isolated with Trizol®, and treated with a TURBO DNA-free kit. Primers were designed for canine distemper virus nucleocapsid protein coding region fragment amplification (84 bp). Canine b-actin (93 bp) was utilized as the endogenous control for normalization. Quantitative results of real time PCR generated by ABI Prism 7000 SDS Software showed that 54.5% of dogs with asymptomatic canine distemper were positive for canine distemper virus. Dissociation curves confirmed the specificity of the real time PCR fragments. This technique could detect even a few copies of viral RNA and identificate subclinically infected dogs providing accurate diagnosis of this disease at an early stage.

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