scholarly journals An Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Study on Age-Related Astrocytic Gliosis in the Central Nervous System of Dogs.

1992 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinori SHIMADA ◽  
Mitsuru KUWAMURA ◽  
Tsuyoshi AWAKURA ◽  
Takashi UMEMURA ◽  
Chitoshi ITAKURA
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms in Erythrocytes and in the Central Nervous System

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Franco ◽  
Gemma Navarro ◽  
Eva Martínez-Pinilla
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
High Level

Differential antioxidant action is found upon comparison of organ/tissue systems in the human body. In erythrocytes (red blood cells), which transport oxygen and carbon dioxide through the circulatory system, the most important issue is to keep hemoglobin in a functional state that requires maintaining the haem group in ferrous (Fe2+) state. Conversion of oxidized Fe3+ back into Fe2+ in hemoglobin needs a special mechanism involving a tripeptide glutathione, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and glucose and NADPH as suppliers of reducing power. Fava beans are probably a good resource to make the detox innate system more robust as the pro-oxidant molecules in this food likely induce the upregulation of members of such mechanisms. The central nervous system consumes more oxygen than the majority of human tissues, i.e., 20% of the body’s total oxygen consumption and, therefore, it is exposed to a high level of oxidative stress. This fact, together with the progressive age-related decline in the efficiency of the antioxidant defense system, leads to neuronal death and disease. The innate mechanism operating in the central nervous system is not well known and seems different to that of the erythrocytes. The strategies of antioxidant intervention in brain will be reviewed here.

Age-related Degradation in the Central Nervous System: Assessment with Diffusion-Tensor Imaging and Quantitative Fiber Tracking

Radiology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 247 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Stadlbauer ◽  
Erich Salomonowitz ◽  
Guido Strunk ◽  
Thilo Hammen ◽  
Oliver Ganslandt
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Fiber Tracking ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
System Assessment

Tissue responses and organogenesis during regeneration in the oligochete Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri (Clap.)

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Cornec ◽  
Jean Cresp ◽  
Paule Delye ◽  
Fred Hoarau ◽  
Georges Reynaud
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Limnodrilus Hoffmeisteri ◽  
Tissue Responses ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Ultrastructural study of regeneration initiated by tail amputation in Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri revealed the accumulation and fate of the stimulated cells. It was found that the components involved in regeneration are stem cells or dedifferentiated cells supplied by each layer. Blastocytes that migrate along the nerve cord are responsible for the formation of septa in regenerates, while neuroblasts of epidermal origin give rise to the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Homocysteine and Age-Related Central Nervous System Diseases: Role of Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6259
Author(s):  
Amany Tawfik ◽  
Nehal M. Elsherbiny ◽  
Yusra Zaidi ◽  
Pragya Rajpurohit
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is remarkably common among the aging population. The relation between HHcy and the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and eye diseases, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in elderly people, has been established. Disruption of the blood barrier function of the brain and retina is one of the most important underlying mechanisms associated with HHcy-induced neurodegenerative and retinal disorders. Impairment of the barrier function triggers inflammatory events that worsen disease pathology. Studies have shown that AD patients also suffer from visual impairments. As an extension of the central nervous system, the retina has been suggested as a prominent site of AD pathology. This review highlights inflammation as a possible underlying mechanism of HHcy-induced barrier dysfunction and neurovascular injury in aging diseases accompanied by HHcy, focusing on AD.

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