scholarly journals Estimating the Number of Low-Income Americans Exposed to Household Air Pollution from Burning Solid Fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 122 (8) ◽  
pp. 806-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek K. Rogalsky ◽  
Pauline Mendola ◽  
Tricia A. Metts ◽  
William J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Solid Fuels

Household Air Pollution in Low and Middle Income Countries

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline A. Ochieng ◽  
Cathryn Tonne ◽  
Sotiris Vardoulakis ◽  
Jan Semenza
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
National Level ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Biomass Fuels ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Household air pollution from use of solid fuels (biomass fuels and coal) is a major problem in low and middle income countries, where 90% of the population relies on these fuels as the primary source of domestic energy. Use of solid fuels has multiple impacts, on individuals and households, and on the local and global environment. For individuals, the impact on health can be considerable, as household air pollution from solid fuel use has been associated with acute lower respiratory infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and other illnesses. Household-level impacts include the work, time, and high opportunity costs involved in biomass fuel collection and processing. Harvesting and burning biomass fuels affects local environments by contributing to deforestation and outdoor air pollution. At a global level, inefficient burning of solid fuels contributes to climate change. Improved biomass cookstoves have for a long time been considered the most feasible immediate intervention in resource-poor settings. Their ability to reduce exposure to household air pollution to levels that meet health standards is however questionable. In addition, adoption of improved cookstoves has been low, and there is limited evidence on how the barriers to adoption and use can be overcome. However, the issue of household air pollution in low and middle income countries has gained considerable attention in recent years, with a range of international initiatives in place to address it. These initiatives could enable a transition from biomass to cleaner fuels, but such a transition also requires an enabling policy environment, especially at the national level, and new modes of financing technology delivery. More research is also needed to guide policy and interventions, especially on exposure-response relationships with various health outcomes and on how to overcome poverty and other barriers to wide-scale transition from biomass fuels to cleaner forms of energy.

scholarly journals Sources of household air pollution and their association with fine particulate matter in low-income urban homes in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Elf ◽  
Aarti Kinikar ◽  
Sandhya Khadse ◽  
Vidya Mave ◽  
Nishi Suryavanshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Fine Particulate

scholarly journals The Effects of Household Air Pollution (HAP) on Lung Function in Children: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11973
Author(s):  
Sathya Swarup Aithal ◽  
Shireen Gill ◽  
Imran Satia ◽  
Sudhir Kumar Tyagi ◽  
Charlotte E. Bolton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
World Health ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
The Impact

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that around 3 billion people today are exposed to smoke from the household combustion of solid fuels. While the household use of solid fuels has decreased over the last few decades, it remains a leading modifiable risk factor for the global burden of disease. This systematic review analyzed the impact of Household Air Pollution (HAP) on lung function in children (under 18 years of age), as this is the time period of accelerated growth rate until full skeletal maturity. Data from 11 published studies demonstrated that exposure to smoke from solid fuel was associated with a lower growth rate of several lung function indices (FVC, FEV1, FEF25–75) in children. However, there was no observed association between HAP and the FEV1/FVC ratio over time. Although the evidence suggests an inverse association between high exposure to HAP and lung function indices, there is a lack of longitudinal data describing this association. Therefore, precaution is needed to reduce the smoke exposure from solid fuel burning.

scholarly journals Designing a comprehensive behaviour change intervention to promote and monitor exclusive use of liquefied petroleum gas stoves for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e037761
Author(s):  
Kendra N. Williams ◽  
Lisa M. Thompson ◽  
Zoe Sakas ◽  
Mayari Hengstermann ◽  
Ashlinn Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Formative Research ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Behavioural Strategies

IntroductionIncreasing use of cleaner fuels, such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and abandonment of solid fuels is key to reducing household air pollution and realising potential health improvements in low-income countries. However, achieving exclusive LPG use in households unaccustomed to this type of fuel, used in combination with a new stove technology, requires substantial behaviour change. We conducted theory-grounded formative research to identify contextual factors influencing cooking fuel choice to guide the development of behavioural strategies for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) trial. The HAPIN trial will assess the impact of exclusive LPG use on air pollution exposure and health of pregnant women, older adult women, and infants under 1 year of age in Guatemala, India, Peru, and Rwanda.MethodsUsing the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation–Behaviour (COM–B) framework and Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) to guide formative research, we conducted in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observations, key informant interviews and pilot studies to identify key influencers of cooking behaviours in the four countries. We used these findings to develop behavioural strategies likely to achieve exclusive LPG use in the HAPIN trial.ResultsWe identified nine potential influencers of exclusive LPG use, including perceived disadvantages of solid fuels, family preferences, cookware, traditional foods, non-food-related cooking, heating needs, LPG awareness, safety and cost and availability of fuel. Mapping formative findings onto the theoretical frameworks, behavioural strategies for achieving exclusive LPG use in each research site included free fuel deliveries, locally acceptable stoves and equipment, hands-on training and printed materials and videos emphasising relevant messages. In the HAPIN trial, we will monitor and reinforce exclusive LPG use through temperature data loggers, LPG fuel delivery tracking, in-home observations and behavioural reinforcement visits.ConclusionOur formative research and behavioural strategies can inform the development, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of theory-informed strategies to promote exclusive LPG use in future stove programmes and research studies.Trial registration numberNCT02944682, Pre-results.

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