scholarly journals Fluticasone Propionate Protects against Ozone-Induced Airway Inflammation and Modified Immune Cell Activation Markers in Healthy Volunteers

2008 ◽  
Vol 116 (6) ◽  
pp. 799-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil E. Alexis ◽  
John C. Lay ◽  
Angela Haczku ◽  
Henry Gong ◽  
William Linn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluticasone Propionate ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Activation Markers ◽  
Immune Cell Activation

scholarly journals Diesel exhaust augments allergen-induced lower airway inflammation in allergic individuals: a controlled human exposure study

Thorax ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Carlsten ◽  
Anders Blomberg ◽  
Mandy Pui ◽  
Thomas Sandstrom ◽  
Sze Wing Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergen Challenge ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Immune Cell Activation ◽  
Segmental Allergen Challenge

RationaleTraffic-related air pollution has been shown to augment allergy and airway disease. However, the enhancement of allergenic effects by diesel exhaust in particular is unproven in vivo in the human lung, and underlying details of this apparent synergy are poorly understood.ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that a 2 h inhalation of diesel exhaust augments lower airway inflammation and immune cell activation following segmental allergen challenge in atopic subjects.Methods18 blinded atopic volunteers were exposed to filtered air or 300 µg PM2.5/m3 of diesel exhaust in random fashion. 1 h post-exposure, diluent-controlled segmental allergen challenge was performed; 2 days later, samples from the challenged segments were obtained by bronchoscopic lavage. Samples were analysed for markers and modifiers of allergic inflammation (eosinophils, Th2 cytokines) and adaptive immune cell activation. Mixed effects models with ordinal contrasts compared effects of single and combined exposures on these end points.ResultsDiesel exhaust augmented the allergen-induced increase in airway eosinophils, interleukin 5 (IL-5) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and the GSTT1 null genotype was significantly associated with the augmented IL-5 response. Diesel exhaust alone also augmented markers of non-allergic inflammation and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and suppressed activity of macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells.ConclusionInhalation of diesel exhaust at environmentally relevant concentrations augments allergen-induced allergic inflammation in the lower airways of atopic individuals and the GSTT1 genotype enhances this response. Allergic individuals are a susceptible population to the deleterious airway effects of diesel exhaust.Trial registration numberNCT01792232.

Oxidized Haemoglobin–Driven Endothelial Dysfunction and Immune Cell Activation: Novel Therapeutic Targets for Atherosclerosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (37) ◽  
pp. 4806-4814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitta Buttari ◽  
Elisabetta Profumo ◽  
Rita Businaro ◽  
Luciano Saso ◽  
Raffaele Capoano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Immune Cell Activation ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

scholarly journals Neuronal guidance proteins in cardiovascular inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Keller ◽  
Valbona Mirakaj ◽  
Michael Koeppen ◽  
Peter Rosenberger
Keyword(s):  
Cell Activation ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Immune Cell Activation ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
The Future ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathologies ◽  
Neuronal Guidance

AbstractCardiovascular pathologies are often induced by inflammation. The associated changes in the inflammatory response influence vascular endothelial biology; they complicate the extent of ischaemia and reperfusion injury, direct the migration of immune competent cells and activate platelets. The initiation and progression of inflammation is regulated by the classical paradigm through the system of cytokines and chemokines. Therapeutic approaches have previously used this knowledge to control the extent of cardiovascular changes with varying degrees of success. Neuronal guidance proteins (NGPs) have emerged in recent years and have been shown to be significantly involved in the control of tissue inflammation and the mechanisms of immune cell activation. Therefore, proteins of this class might be used in the future as targets to control the extent of inflammation in the cardiovascular system. In this review, we describe the role of NGPs during cardiovascular inflammation and highlight potential therapeutic options that could be explored in the future.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and immune cell activation quantification in sepsis and non-sepsis critical care patients by neopterin/7,8-dihydroneopterin analysis

Pteridines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-82
Author(s):  
Gregory Baxter-Parker ◽  
Ravinder Reddy Gaddam ◽  
Elena Moltchanova ◽  
Anitra Carr ◽  
Geoff Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Intensive Care Patients ◽  
Immune Cell Activation ◽  
Immune System Activation ◽  
System Activation ◽  
Urinary Neopterin ◽  
Critical Care Patients

AbstractIntroduction: Neopterin and 7,8-dihydroneopterin are used as biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, but the effect of kidney function on these measurements has not been extensively explored. We examine the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation and kidney function in intensive patients and compare them to equivalent patients without sepsis.Methods: 34 Intensive care patients were selected for the study, 14 without sepsis and 20 with. Both groups had equivalent levels of trauma, assessed by SAPS II, SOFA, and APACHE II and III scores. Plasma and urinary neopterin and total neopterin (neopterin + 7,8-dihydroneopterin) values were measured.Results: Neopterin and total neopterin were significantly elevated in urine and plasma for multiple days in sepsis versus non-sepsis patients. Plasma neopterin and total neopterin have decreasing relationships with increased eGFR (p<0.008 and p<0.001, respectively). Plasma/urinary neopterin and total neopterin ratios demonstrate that total neopterin flux is more influenced by eGFR than neopterin, with significantce of p<0.02 and p<0.0002 respectively.Conclusion: Sepsis patients present with greater levels of oxidative stress and immune system activation than non-sepsis patients of equal levels of trauma, as measured by neopterin and total neopterin. eGFR may need to be taken into account when accessing the level of inflammation from urinary neopterin measurements.

scholarly journals RhoA Signaling in Immune Cell Response and Cardiac Disease

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1681
Author(s):  
Lucia Sophie Kilian ◽  
Derk Frank ◽  
Ashraf Yusuf Rangrez
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Cardiac Inflammation ◽  
Immune Cell Activation ◽  
Immune Cell Response

Chronic inflammation, the activation of immune cells and their cross-talk with cardiomyocytes in the pathogenesis and progression of heart diseases has long been overlooked. However, with the latest research developments, it is increasingly accepted that a vicious cycle exists where cardiomyocytes release cardiocrine signaling molecules that spiral down to immune cell activation and chronic state of low-level inflammation. For example, cardiocrine molecules released from injured or stressed cardiomyocytes can stimulate macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils and even T-cells, which then subsequently increase cardiac inflammation by co-stimulation and positive feedback loops. One of the key proteins involved in stress-mediated cardiomyocyte signal transduction is a small GTPase RhoA. Importantly, the regulation of RhoA activation is critical for effective immune cell response and is being considered as one of the potential therapeutic targets in many immune-cell-mediated inflammatory diseases. In this review we provide an update on the role of RhoA at the juncture of immune cell activation, inflammation and cardiac disease.

scholarly journals Hybrid Nanoassemblies from Viruses and DNA Nanostructures

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1413
Author(s):  
Sofia Ojasalo ◽  
Petteri Piskunen ◽  
Boxuan Shen ◽  
Mauri A. Kostiainen ◽  
Veikko Linko
Keyword(s):  
Cell Activation ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Dna Nanotechnology ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Dna Nanostructures ◽  
Dna Structures ◽  
Nanoscale Structures ◽  
Immune Cell Activation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Structural Dna Nanotechnology

Viruses are among the most intriguing nanostructures found in nature. Their atomically precise shapes and unique biological properties, especially in protecting and transferring genetic information, have enabled a plethora of biomedical applications. On the other hand, structural DNA nanotechnology has recently emerged as a highly useful tool to create programmable nanoscale structures. They can be extended to user defined devices to exhibit a wide range of static, as well as dynamic functions. In this review, we feature the recent development of virus-DNA hybrid materials. Such structures exhibit the best features of both worlds by combining the biological properties of viruses with the highly controlled assembly properties of DNA. We present how the DNA shapes can act as “structured” genomic material and direct the formation of virus capsid proteins or be encapsulated inside symmetrical capsids. Tobacco mosaic virus-DNA hybrids are discussed as the examples of dynamic systems and directed formation of conjugates. Finally, we highlight virus-mimicking approaches based on lipid- and protein-coated DNA structures that may elicit enhanced stability, immunocompatibility and delivery properties. This development also paves the way for DNA-based vaccines as the programmable nano-objects can be used for controlling immune cell activation.

scholarly journals Antibody Conjugation of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds for Targeted Innate Immune Cell Activation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena P. Suarez-Kelly ◽  
Steven H. Sun ◽  
Casey Ren ◽  
Isaac V. Rampersaud ◽  
David Albertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Activation ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Cell ◽  
Immune Cell Activation ◽  
Antibody Conjugation ◽  
Fluorescent Nanodiamonds

scholarly journals A bi-directional dialog between vascular cells and monocytes/macrophages regulates tumor progression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Delprat ◽  
Carine Michiels
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vascular Cells ◽  
Tumor Associated Macrophage ◽  
Immune Cell Activation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCancer progression largely depends on tumor blood vessels as well on immune cell infiltration. In various tumors, vascular cells, namely endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes, strongly regulate leukocyte infiltration into tumors and immune cell activation, hence the immune response to cancers. Recently, a lot of compelling studies unraveled the molecular mechanisms by which tumor vascular cells regulate monocyte and tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) recruitment and phenotype, and consequently tumor progression. Reciprocally, TAMs and monocytes strongly modulate tumor blood vessel and tumor lymphatic vessel formation by exerting pro-angiogenic and lymphangiogenic effects, respectively. Finally, the interaction between monocytes/TAMs and vascular cells is also impacting several steps of the spread of cancer cells throughout the body, a process called metastasis. In this review, the impact of the bi-directional dialog between blood vascular cells and monocytes/TAMs in the regulation of tumor progression is discussed. All together, these data led to the design of combinations of anti-angiogenic and immunotherapy targeting TAMs/monocyte whose effects are briefly discussed in the last part of this review.

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