Dynamic Inventory Allocation for Seasonal Merchandise at Dillard’s

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junxuan Li ◽  
Alejandro Toriello ◽  
He Wang ◽  
Seth Borin ◽  
Christina Gallarno
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Distribution Center ◽  
Rolling Horizon ◽  
Sales Data ◽  
Sales Revenue ◽  
Demand Distribution ◽  
Effective Dynamic ◽  
Inventory Allocation ◽  
Seasonal Goods ◽  
Total Sales

We consider how to allocate inventory of seasonal goods in a two-echelon distribution network for Dillard’s Inc., a large department store chain in the United States. Our objective is to allocate products with limited inventory from a distribution center to multiple retail stores over the selling season to maximize total sales revenue. Under the assumption that the true demand distributions are available to the retailer, we develop an effective dynamic inventory allocation heuristic. We further consider a more realistic and challenging setting for seasonal goods, where demand distributions are unknown to the retailer, and propose two “learning-while-doing” extensions of our inventory allocation heuristic; these policies update demand distribution estimates in a rolling horizon using censored point-of-sales data. We evaluate the performance of the policies using simulation on Dillard’s historical sales data. Dillard’s Inc. has incorporated the proposed policy into their current replenishment methodology and has been using the policy to set order levels for its seasonal merchandise.

Little filtered cigars: US sales, flavours, package sizes and prices

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris G Gammon ◽  
Todd Rogers ◽  
Ellen M Coats ◽  
James M Nonnemaker ◽  
Lisa Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
The South ◽  
Sales Data ◽  
Pack Size ◽  
Cigarette Taxes ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Total Sales

ObjectiveAt least four varieties of little filtered cigars (LFCs) violate the US prohibition on flavoured cigarettes other than menthol. This study characterises the sales of prohibited products and other LFCs by flavour category and pack size, as well as the price of LFCs relative to cigarettes.MethodsUsing retail sales data for 2016, we computed the sales volume in dollars and equivalent units and the percentage of total sales by flavour and pack size for the USA by region and state. Paired t-tests compared the prices for LFCs and cigarettes sold in same-sized packs and cartons.ResultsLFC sales totalled 24 033 equivalent units per 100 000 persons in 2016. Flavoured LFC varieties accounted for almost half (47.5%) of the total sales. LFCs were sold in 12 different pack sizes, but 79.7% of sales were packs of 20. The price of 20-packs averaged $2.41 (SD=$1.49), which was significantly less than cigarettes (M=$5.90, SD=$0.85). Regional differences suggest a greater proportion of menthol/mint LFCs and lower prices in the South than in other regions.ConclusionClassifying all LFCs as cigarettes would require that they be offered in a minimum package of 20, eliminate flavoured varieties other than menthol and increase prices through applicable state and local cigarette taxes.

Puerto Rico: The Evolution of America's Corporate Tax Haven

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas D. Schultz ◽  
Kyle Scott
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Sales Revenue ◽  
Microsoft Corporation ◽  
Tax Haven ◽  
Federal Taxation ◽  
Tax Benefits ◽  
Foreign Corporations

ABSTRACT We examine the taxation of corporate income earned in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and how the repeal of the possession tax credit available under Internal Revenue Code (IRC) §936 resulted in many U.S. companies converting former possessions corporations into controlled foreign corporations. Although Puerto Rico is a U.S. territory, the conversions highlight that corporations organized under the laws of the Commonwealth generally are foreign corporations for U.S. tax purposes. A U.S. Senate Subcommittee reports Microsoft Corporation shifted offshore the recognition of nearly one-half of its U.S. net retail sales revenue for the period 2009–2011 by transferring intellectual property rights to a controlled subsidiary in Puerto Rico. We find that the corresponding U.S. tax benefits are significant compared to the credits once claimed under IRC §936, and over 20 percent of Standard & Poor's (S&P) 500 firms were in a similar position to avoid federal taxation by shifting income between political subdivisions of the United States.

Individual Tourists from the Chinese Mainland to Hong Kong: Implications for Tourism Marketing in Fashion

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1287-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuk-Ching Liu ◽  
Tsan-Ming Choi ◽  
Raymond Au ◽  
Chi-Leung Hui
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Chinese Mainland ◽  
Gender Attitudes ◽  
Sales Revenue ◽  
Tourism Marketing ◽  
The Chinese Mainland ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Total Sales

Since the implementation of the Individual Visit Scheme (IVS), the number of tourists from the Chinese Mainland (CM) to Hong Kong (HK) has increased dramatically. These IVS tourists have huge consumption power and account for 50–70% of the total sales revenue of many HK fashion retailers. In this context, the authors explore the consumer attitudes and preferences of the IVS tourists. Based on a random sampling method involving over 2,000 CM tourists, a questionnaire survey was conducted. The findings show that IVS tourists have complex attitudes towards higher-end brands and their extended products. Moreover, statistically significant results are found in relation to: the comparison of HK consumers with IVS tourists; the analysis of gender attitudes; and the regional analysis. Company interviews have been conducted and specific managerial insights are presented.

scholarly journals Economic Contributions of the Green Industry in the United States in 2007–08

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 628-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan W. Hodges ◽  
Charles R. Hall ◽  
Marco A. Palma
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Green Industry ◽  
Total Sales ◽  
The U.S

Economic contributions of the green industry in each state of the United States were estimated for 2007–08 using regional economic multipliers, together with information on horticulture product sales, employment, and payroll reported by the U.S. Economic Census and a nursery industry survey. Total sales revenues for all sectors were $176.11 billion, direct output was $117.40 billion, and total output impacts, including indirect and induced regional economic multiplier effects of nonlocal output, were $175.26 billion. The total value added impact was $107.16 billion, including employee compensation, proprietor (business owner) income, other property income, and indirect business taxes paid to state/local and federal governments. The industry had direct employment of 1.20 million full-time and part-time jobs and total employment impacts of 1.95 million jobs in the broader economy. The largest individual industry sectors in terms of employment and value added impacts were Landscaping services (1,075,343 jobs, $50.3 billion), Nursery and greenhouse production (436,462 jobs, $27.1 billion), and Building materials and garden equipment and supplies stores (190,839 jobs, $9.7 billion). The top 10 individual states in terms of employment contributions were California (257,885 jobs), Florida (188,437 jobs), Texas (82,113 jobs), North Carolina (81,113 jobs), Ohio (79,707 jobs), Pennsylvania (75,604 jobs), New Jersey (67,993 jobs), Illinois (67,382 jobs), Georgia (66,042 jobs), and Virginia (58,677 jobs). The total value added of the U.S. green industry represented 0.76% of U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2007, and up to 1.60% of GDP in individual states. On the basis of a similar previous study for 2002 (Hall et al., 2006), total sales of horticultural products and services in 2007–08 increased by 3.5%, and total output impacts increased by 29.2%, or an average annual rate of 5.8% in inflation-adjusted terms.

scholarly journals A Two-Stage SEM–Artificial Neural Network Analysis of Mobile Commerce and Its Drivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 2304-2318
Author(s):  
Anca Antoaneta Vărzaru ◽  
Claudiu George Bocean
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mobile Commerce ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Macroeconomic Analysis ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Total Sales

The COVID-19 health and economic crisis has affected all areas of social life globally, including the economy. The world economy has declined due to purchasing power for individuals who have been forced to stay at home and cannot perform work. These restrictions to prevent the spread of SARS-Cov-2 have led to an increase in electronic commerce and mobile commerce as tools for procuring goods and services. In this paper, we conducted a longitudinal analysis of mobile commerce as an essential electronic commerce component, establishing the main drivers of mobile commerce and the intensity of their influences. The research focuses on mobile commerce in the United States (U.S.). It covers the period 2010–2020, the last year of this period capturing the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on electronic commerce (e-commerce) and mobile commerce (m-commerce). In the macroeconomic analysis of competitiveness, we established the main drivers of m-commerce, using artificial neural networks and the mediation effects found between the variables that describe m-commerce, e-commerce, and total sales, using structural equation modeling. The research results indicate an increase in the share of e-commerce in total sales and a predominance of the m-commerce share in e-commerce on the background of traffic restrictions and social distance rules imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Stakeholders in the m-commerce area should consider the following enhancing drivers: increasing internet speed, expanding 5G and Wi-Fi networks, and increasing accessibility and trust in mobile devices and applications.

scholarly journals Empirical Testing Of Different Alternative Proxy Measures For Firm Size

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamah M. Al-Khazali ◽  
Taisier A. Zoubi
Keyword(s):  
Firm Size ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Book Value ◽  
Sales Revenue ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Total Sales ◽  
Over Time

This paper examines the relationship among total sales revenue, total assets, book value of equity, and market value of equity for different economic sectors and timeperiods.  Five statistical tools are used to examine the relationship among the different proxies of size of the firm for the period 1999-2002. Our study shows that the relationships among the four measures of the size of the firm are not the same for the different economic sectors and are not stable over time for each economic sector.  Our results suggest that the use of the four measures interchangeably as a proxy for the firm size may not be appropriate.

scholarly journals Perancangan Aplikasi Dashboard Untuk Monitoring Penjualan Gas LPG Berbasis Web

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Rusdiyanto Rusdiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Programming Language ◽  
Summary Report ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Sales Data ◽  
Data Collection Methods ◽  
Total Sales ◽  
Collection Methods

Currently PT. Rivet Jaya Lubuklinggau conducts the processing of LPG Gas sales data processing is still done with a manual system, the data processing process is still carried out with Microsoft Excel application tools to generate recapitulation (summary content or final summary report) of sales data such as the total sales amount. This study uses data collection methods by observing PT. Kelingi Jaya Lubuklinggau, interview with the head of PT. Kelingi Jaya Lubuklinggau and literature on books related to the author's title. The results of the research are the Dashboard Application for Monitoring the Sales of LPG Gas at PT. Kelingi Jaya Lubuklinggau, the application was built with the PHP programming language with MySQL as an application database and web-based application interfaces. It can be concluded that the application that has been built can do sales data collection and can display details of the overall sales data that will be used as a tool for PT. Kelingi Jaya Lubuklinggau to conduct monitoring.

Computation of OLAP Cubes

2011 ◽  
pp. 196-201
Author(s):  
Amin A. Abdulghani
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Online Analytical Processing ◽  
Primary Interest ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Sales Data ◽  
Multiple Measures ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Analytical Processing ◽  
Product Location ◽  
Total Sales

The focus of Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) is to provide a platform for analyzing data (e.g., sales data) with multiple dimensions (e.g., product, location, time) and multiple measures (e.g., total sales or total cost). OLAP operations then allow viewing of this data from a number of perspectives. For analysis, the object or data structure of primary interest in OLAP is a cube.

An analysis of the US decking materials market: perceptual mapping approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indroneil Ganguly ◽  
Ivan Eastin ◽  
Douglas MacLachlan
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Perceptual Space ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Product Positioning ◽  
Business Decision ◽  
Perceptual Mapping ◽  
Demand Distribution ◽  
The Us ◽  
Business To Business

This paper analyzes the product positioning and market demand of preservative-treated, naturally decay-resistant, and composite decking materials in the United States using an innovative perceptual mapping technique. Market analysis using perceptual mapping is generally used for end-user market scenarios for strategic planning. This paper establishes that the perceptual mapping technique can also be a valuable tool for analyzing the US decking products market, which is predominantly a business-to-business (B2B) market. Using perceptual mapping of the US decking market, this paper proposes a method for incorporating market demand density on a perceptual space, incorporating a kernel regression based nonparametric demand distribution. Representation of products and demand distribution on the same perceptual space in the proposed mapping technique enables simultaneous visualization of product positioning and demand density distribution in the marketplace. The mapping results obtained in this paper will enable business decision makers in the US decking industry to strategically position their offerings based on existing product positioning and market demand distribution. The data used for the study were collected through a national survey of 368 professional deck builders and homebuilders.

Impact of Healthy Vending Machine Options in a Large Community Health Organization

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1425-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Grivois-Shah ◽  
Juan R. Gonzalez ◽  
Shashank P. Khandekar ◽  
Amy L. Howerter ◽  
Patrick A. O’Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
Nutrition Information ◽  
Sales Revenue ◽  
Large Community ◽  
Vending Machines ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Sales

Purpose: To determine whether increasing the proportion of healthier options in vending machines decreases the amount of calories, fat, sugar, and sodium vended, while maintaining total sales revenue. Design: This study evaluated the impact of altering nutritious options to vending machines throughout the Banner Health organization by comparing vended items’ sales and nutrition information over 6 months compared to the same 6 months of the previous year. Setting: Twenty-three locations including corporate and patient-care centers. Intervention: Changing vending machine composition toward more nutritious options. Measures: Comparisons of monthly aggregates of sales, units vended, calories, fat, sodium, and sugar vended by site. Analysis: A pre–post analysis using paired t tests comparing 6 months before implementation to the equivalent 6 months postimplementation. Results: Significant average monthly decreases were seen for calories (16.7%, P = .002), fat (27.4%, P ≤ .0001), sodium (25.9%, P ≤ .0001), and sugar (11.8%, P = .045) vended from 2014 to 2015. Changes in revenue and units vended did not change from 2014 to 2015 ( P = .58 and P = .45, respectively). Conclusion: Increasing the proportion of healthier options in vending machines from 20% to 80% significantly lowered the amount of calories, sodium, fat, and sugar vended, while not reducing units vended or having a negative financial impact.

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