The Basics for Comprehension of Adhesive Process Formation in Abdominal Cavity. Perioperative Prevention by means of Anti-Adhesive Drugs (Review of Literature)

10.12737/5929 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Кондратович ◽  
L. Kondratovich
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Process Formation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment

The review of literature presents a brief history of study of adhesive process from the beginning of XX century to the present, the modern concepts of the pathogenesis of adhesive process in the abdominal cavity after surgery on the organs of the small pelvis, taking into account the development of molecular biology, biochemistry, immunology. Problems of study of adhesive process are relevant at this stage of development of surgery of high reproductive technologies and the use of surgical energies, careful approach to the tissues. The processes that occur in the peritoneum after surgery are described in detail. The mechanism of neoangiogenesis in the newly formed growths is presented in detail, conditionally and schematically. The role of growth factors of cytokines, fibrinolysis in the process of formation of adhesions is reflected. The sequence of processes leading to the formation of adhesions is presented in the time interval: from the moment of peritoneal damage during operation up to 12 days of the postoperative period, the time of formation of fibrous adhesions. The structure of connective tissue fibres by components fibres, i.e. the structure of collagen fibers of different types is examined. The review presents conditional classification of anti-adhesive drugs with description of the properties and characteristics by the method of their application, the composition of constituent substances, the forms of release.

scholarly journals Authorial Self and Modernity as Reflected in Diaries and Memoirs. Three 19th-Century Hungarian Case Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Béla Mester
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Public Intellectual ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Individual Character ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One

Abstract The role of the diaries and memoirs in the process of the conscious self-reflection and their contribution to the emergence of modern individual personalities are well-known facts of the intellectual history. The present paper intends to analyze a special form of the creation of modern individual character; it is the self-creation of the writer as a conscious personality, often with a clearly formulated opinion about her/his own social role. There will be offered several examples from the 19th-century history of the Hungarian intelligentsia. This period is more or less identical with the modernization of the “cultural industry” in Hungary, dominated by the periodicals with their deadlines, fixed lengths of the articles, and professional editing houses on the one hand and the cultural nation building on the other. Concerning the possible social and cultural role of the intelligentsia, it is the moment of the birth of a new type, so-called public intellectual. I will focus on three written sources, a diary of a Calvinist student of theology, Péter (Litkei) Tóth, the memoirs of an influential public intellectual, Gusztáv Szontagh, and a belletristic printed diary of a young intellectual, János Asbóth.

Risk Factors in Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-475
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Slukhanchuk ◽  
Victoria O. Bitsadze ◽  
Anatoly G. Tyan ◽  
Jamilya Kh. Khizroeva ◽  
Maria V. Tretyakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Prothrombotic State ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Tumor Patient ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment

Numerous studies in recent years have proven that the oncological process is an independent risk factor for thrombosis. For a long period of time and at the moment, research is continuing on the pathogenesis of a prothrombotic state in cancer patients. It was shown that the degree of risk is influenced by such indicators as the histological type of tumor, the stage of development of the disease, surgery, duration and type of anesthesia, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, age, the presence of central venous catheters, immobilization, thrombophilia, history of thrombosis, infections. Thrombosis in cancer patients is triggered by thrombogenic factors associated with the tumor, patient-associated factors and environmental factors. The tumor cell affects the balance of hemostasis by releasing procoagulant substances, profibrinolytic, proproteolytic and proaggregant activity, expression of adhesion molecules, secretion of proinflammatory and proangiogenic cytokines; new participants in the process have also been identified. Studies have confirmed the fact that inflammation and thrombosis are inextricably linked with each other and play an important role in the progression of the disease and metastasis. All this opens up new horizons for the development of modern innovative strategies for treating cancer patients and increasing survival.

ПУШКИНСКИЙ ДОМ РАН КАК АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИЙ ЦЕНТР ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ТЕМЫ «ПРАВОСЛАВИЕ И РУССКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА». 1991–2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Алексей Маркович Любомудров
Keyword(s):  
Academic Development ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Religious Aspects ◽  
Official Status

Статья посвящена тридцатилетней истории изучения религиозных аспектов русской литературы под эгидой Пушкинского Дома. Детально описаны зарождение, цели и состав участников ежегодных конференций «Православие и русская культура», позволивших сказать новое слово об историческом взаимодействии веры и светского творчества. Становление исследований проходило в обстановке противодействия сил, занимавших позиции безоценочного релятивизма и откровенного антихристианства. В работе показано, как стихийно сложившийся в Институте русской литературы центр изучения православных парадигм отечественной словесности в 2008 году получил официальный статус и за годы своего существования подготовил десятки трудов, собраний сочинений классиков, сотни публикаций. Подчеркнута объединяющая и консолидирующая роль пушкинодомцев в академической разработке данной темы. The article is devoted to the thirty-year history of studying the religious aspects of Russian literature at the basis of the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House). The origin, goals and participants of the annual conferences «Orthodoxy and Russian Culture», which provided new information about the historical interaction of faith and secular creativity, are described in details. The formation of the research took place in the atmosphere of confrontation between forces whose positions were relativistic and distinctly anti-christian. The work shows how the spontaneously established Center for the study of the Orthodox paradigm of Russian literature received its own official status in 2008. By the moment the Center has prepared hundreds of publications as well as collective works of classics. The unifying and consolidating role of researchers of Pushkin House in the academic development of subject mentioned above is emphasized.

Some Early South Italian Vase-Painters: With a Brief Indication of the Later history of Italiote Vase-Painting

1929 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 30-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noël Moon
Keyword(s):  
Good Deal ◽  
Complete Classification ◽  
Vase Painting ◽  
Magna Graecia ◽  
Divergence Of Opinion ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Private Collections

The question of the classification of the red-figured vases of Magna Graecia is still highly controversial. So is the question of the foremost seat of the industry, and of the development of the fabric or fabrics. A good deal is being done at the moment in various quarters towards straightening out the problem, but divergence of opinion on essential points is still wide. This article does not attempt to give another complete classification, nor is it intended primarily to resuscitate admiration for works of art wilfully neglected, to cry shame on those who hurry through museum rooms of South Italian exhibits to reach the Attic. It suggests, however, that there might be a pause in these rooms if examples of the best South Italian work were always there. But not infrequently the best have been put among the Attic. Many too are in comparatively inaccessible places and are unpublished. There are several good ones in England that are little known, being in private collections or unexpected museums. Some of these I am publishing, as well as one or two of those that in their museums are thought to be Attic. I am also describing briefly the different groups to which these vases belong, in an attempt to lay down new lines on which the subject may be approached.

scholarly journals Interpretation of autoantibody positivity in interstitial lung disease and lung-dominant connective tissue disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 728-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Antunes Silva Pereira ◽  
Alexandre de Melo Kawassaki ◽  
Bruno Guedes Baldi
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Connective Tissue Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
History Of

The initial evaluation of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) primarily involves a comprehensive, active search for the cause. Autoantibody assays, which can suggest the presence of a rheumatic disease, are routinely performed at various referral centers. When interstitial lung involvement is the condition that allows the definitive diagnosis of connective tissue disease and the classical criteria are met, there is little debate. However, there is still debate regarding the significance, relevance, specificity, and pathophysiological role of autoimmunity in patients with predominant pulmonary involvement and only mild symptoms or formes frustes of connective tissue disease. The purpose of this article was to review the current knowledge of autoantibody positivity and to discuss its possible interpretations in patients with ILD and without clear etiologic associations, as well as to enhance the understanding of the natural history of an allegedly new disease and to describe the possible prognostic implications. We also discuss the proposition of a new term to be used in the classification of ILDs: lung-dominant connective tissue disease.

The Newspaper in Economic Development

1942 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold A. Innis
Keyword(s):  
University Graduates ◽  
Industry Studies ◽  
Newspaper Industry ◽  
Economic Interpretation ◽  
The Press ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Dominant Influence

The bibliography of this subject is the subject, and the enormous filescourse of over three centuries are formidability itself. To reduce the element of formidability it is necessary to turn to studies of the newspaper in terms of countries, regions, owners, editors and journalists. But again the bibliography reflects the character of the press. Newspapermen have contributed notably, but unfortunately the training in newspaper work is not ideal for an economic interpretation of the subject. The increasing participation of university graduates in journalism provides a basis for more objective studies, but even here the training.exercises a subtle influence and weakens the possibility of a sustained and effective interpretation. Throughout the history of the newspaper industry, studies reflect the dominant influence of the moment, or perhaps it is safer to say, represent the dominant influence of the tradition of the industry; hence they show a perceptible lag between the newspaper as it is and the newspaper as it was. In the main they are obsessed with the role of the press in relation to political opinion, the importance of freedom of the press, the fourth estate and so on; they are suffused with innumerable cliches1 constantly bubbling up from the effervescence of writing.

scholarly journals Współistnienie języków na ziemiach byłego Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego w świetle prac Jana Karłowicza

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Koniusz
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linguistic Interference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Bilingualism And Multilingualism ◽  
Grand Duchy

Co-existence of languages in the area of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the light of the works of Jan KarłowiczThe article discusses the issues of the co-existence of languages in the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the consequences of the phenomenon as documented in the works of Jan Karłowicz – the outstanding scholar of the second half of the nineteenth century, an expert and researcher of the “Lithuanian” version of Polish language. The article emphasizes the fact that the research on languages in the area of The Grand Duchy of Lithuania and results of their co-existence goes back to the second half of the nineteenth century and Jan Karłowicz was the pioneer of this research. He was the first to observe the following phenomena of their co-existence: interference; bilingualism and multilingualism; prioritization of co-existing languages with the unique role of the Polish language in focusing various functions in the history of The Grand Duchy of Lithuania; the diversity of Polish with sociolinguistic classification of its provincia­lisms and their division in the view of their origin; and the dangers to the Polish language in the period of Russification. Karłowicz struggled with the lack of terminology to describe the linguistic phenomena characteristic for the area. The article focuses on the classification of provincial qualities of the “Lithuanian” Polish language executed by Karłowicz in the social and ethnolinguistic area; and on the presentation of the phenomenon of linguistic interference visible in the provincial vocabulary in The Grand Duchy of Lithuania collected in “Dictionary of Polish dialects” by Karłowicz. Сосуществование языков на территории бывшего Великого княжества Литовского в свете произведений Яна КарловичаЦель данной статьи – показать сосуществование языков на землях бывшего Великого княжества Литовского (ВКЛ) и последствий этого явления, засвидетельствованных в работах Яна Карловича, видного ученого второй половины девятнадцатого века, знатока и исследователя „литовского” польского языка. Автор статьи указывает на то, что изучение языков в Великом княжестве Литовском, последствиям их сосуществования относятся ко второй половине девятнадцатого века, а их первым исследователем был Карлович. Им впервые были отмечены такие проявления этого сосуществования, как языковая интерференция, билингвизм и многоязычие, иерархия сосуществующих языков и диалектов. Выделена особая роль польского языка, объединившего целый ряд функций в истории ВКЛ, дифференциация внутри польского языка, социолингвистическая классификация его диалектизмов и их деление по происхождению, угрозы для польского языка в период сильной русификации. Особое внимание автор статьи сосредоточил на классификации провинциальных особенностей „литовского” польского языка, осуществлённой Карловичем в социальном и этнолингвистическом плане, а также на проявлениях интерференции в провинциальной лексике, ведущей своё происхождение из Великого княжества Литовского, собранной в „Словаре польских диалектов” Карловича.

scholarly journals The role of museums in Russia’s and China’s cultural diplomacies

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-882
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Fokin ◽  
Elena E. Elts
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Cultural Exchanges ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One ◽  
Revolutionary History

Russia and China have both shown increasing interest in the promotion their cultural achievements and have utilized culture as essential soft-power resource. Moreover, the concept of ‘soft power’ has gained popularity in Russia’s and China’s academic and political discourse. Russian-Chinese cultural cooperation is gaining momentum due to this exchange, and the scale and the depth of the cultural projects have expanded. At the moment, museums are involved in development of diplomatic relations, including within the framework of friendship societies, and through the development of the Russian-Chinese tourism. ‘Red tourism’ (it means visiting the monuments of the revolutionary history of Russia) in particular has expanded through the implementation of cultural seasons, Cross-Years of Culture, and the promotion of cultural exchanges of contemporary art. As shown in the case of Hermitage, Moscow Kremlin Museums, National Museum of China, Palace Museum ‘Gugong’ in Beijing, famous world museums have been carrying out the ambitious development programmes, scaling up their resource capacities, and since the beginning of the 21st century have begun to promote their brand. The article considers the potential for museums to participate in the development of bilateral relations, and in improving the foreign-policy image of both countries. The authors’ research reveals the features of museum diplomacy, areas of museums’ international activities that enhanced the efficiency of Russia’s and China’s soft power and identifies the common avenues for disseminating the neoliberal messages in museum sphere. Moreover, particular attention is paid by the authors’ to ‘soft power’ rankings and to lists of the most visited museums. Furthermore, new modalities of international museum cooperation are discussed by the authors, with a focus on areas of joint collaboration within the framework of SCO, BRICS, and the “One belt, one road” initiative. The authors conclude that there is a need to improve the legal framework for Russian-Chinese museum cooperation in response to the deepening interaction and transformation of the role of museums in both international and bilateral relations.

scholarly journals Current and future role of immobilized enzymes in medical field

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rafiq Khan
Keyword(s):  
Immobilized Enzymes ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Future Role ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Current Century ◽  
History Of

Although the history of immobilized enzymes and their applications in different fields are traced back to the second half of the twentieth century, their importance in bioreactors and biosensors highlighted at the turn of the current century is under active consideration in these days for broad-spectrum applications in different medical fields. Thus, this article presents a review of the literature concerning the current and future role of the immobilized enzymes in different medical fields. As the author and his supervised research groups have also been actively involved in research on immobilized enzymes, he has also made some input with a recommendation to revise the current classification of immobilized enzymes basically into “Naturally Immobilized” and “Artificially Immobilized Enzymes”, keeping the sub-classification intact. He has also suggested the development of some medical products based on the results of his research groups.

scholarly journals Computer-assisted detection and classification of misinformation about climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis Coan ◽  
Constantine Boussalis ◽  
John Cook ◽  
Mirjam Nanko
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Computer Assisted Detection ◽  
History Of

A growing body of scholarship investigates the role of misinformation in shaping the debate on climate change. Our research builds on and extends this literature by 1) developing and validating a comprehensive taxonomy of climate misinformation, 2) conducting the largest content analysis to date on contrarian claims, 3) developing a computational model to accurately detect specific claims, and 4) drawing on an extensive corpus from conservative think-tank (CTTs) websites and contrarian blogs to construct a detailed history of misinformation over the past 20 years. Our study finds that climate misinformation produced by CTTs and contrarian blogs has focused on attacking the integrity of climate science and scientists and, increasingly, has challenged climate policy and renewable energy. We further demonstrate the utility of our approach by exploring the influence of corporate and foundation funding on the production and dissemination of specific contrarian claims.

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