Cognitive and heuristic brain activity modeling by neural emulator

10.12737/3398 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Еськов ◽  
Valeriy Eskov ◽  
Еськов ◽  
Valeriy Eskov ◽  
Хадарцев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Decision Model ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Order Parameters ◽  
Parameters Identification ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Activity Modeling ◽  
Number Of Iterations

The decision model of identification of significant diagnostic characters (order parameters) is presented within using of neural network decision model for binary classification (division of a group of subjects being in two different ecological and psychic conditions). Similar problems are the basis of cognitive and heuristic activity of a human who has to identify order parameters in any process and analysis of any events. We have shown that the possibility of order parameters identification (significant хi) is low in a small number of iterations (p<100) with initial weight characters xio based on uniform distribution (xio from an interval (0,1)). If p increases (p>100, p>1000), accuracy of order parameters identification increases too. Within the frameworks of the model there is a hypothesis on the connection of reverberation in hippocampus with efficiency of a heuristic brain activity.

scholarly journals Silent EEG-Speech Recognition Using Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Network with 85% Accuracy of 9 Words Classification

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 6744
Author(s):  
Darya Vorontsova ◽  
Ivan Menshikov ◽  
Aleksandr Zubov ◽  
Kirill Orlov ◽  
Peter Rikunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Input Device ◽  
Limited Sample ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Communication Difficulties ◽  
Silent Speech

In this work, we focus on silent speech recognition in electroencephalography (EEG) data of healthy individuals to advance brain–computer interface (BCI) development to include people with neurodegeneration and movement and communication difficulties in society. Our dataset was recorded from 270 healthy subjects during silent speech of eight different Russia words (commands): `forward’, `backward’, `up’, `down’, `help’, `take’, `stop’, and `release’, and one pseudoword. We began by demonstrating that silent word distributions can be very close statistically and that there are words describing directed movements that share similar patterns of brain activity. However, after training one individual, we achieved 85% accuracy performing 9 words (including pseudoword) classification and 88% accuracy on binary classification on average. We show that a smaller dataset collected on one participant allows for building a more accurate classifier for a given subject than a larger dataset collected on a group of people. At the same time, we show that the learning outcomes on a limited sample of EEG-data are transferable to the general population. Thus, we demonstrate the possibility of using selected command-words to create an EEG-based input device for people on whom the neural network classifier has not been trained, which is particularly important for people with disabilities.

Features Samples Cardiointervals: Chaos and Stochastics in the Description of Complex Biosystems

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Горбунов ◽  
D. Gorbunov ◽  
Синенко ◽  
D. Sinenko ◽  
Козлова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Chaotic Systems ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Order Parameters ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Complex Biosystems ◽  
Number Of Iterations

Complex Biosystems (complexity) cannot be attributed to traditional chaotic systems, because for them it is impossible to calculate the autocorrelation function, Lyapunov exponent, no run properties of mixing, continuously the state vector x(t) demonstrates chaotic motion in the form άχίάίΦθ. Since the initial state x(to) is arbitrarily unrepeatable for such systems, type-one uncertainty and type-two uncertainty arise. Type-one uncertainty is characterized by absence of statistically significant differences between samples. The authors propose neurocomputing methods and theory of chaos and self-organization to differentiate these samples. The authors present examples of such a situation for the parameters of the cardio-respiratory system of humans in conditions of the latitudinal displacement of large groups of people. It is shown that the neuroemulator not only solves the problem of binary classification, but also identifies the order parameters in diagnostic signs. It is very important to increase the number of iterations in the repetition of binary classification. The number of iteration (when we repeat the neuroemulator procedure) has the fundamental role for identification of order parameters. Errors are possible within the order parameters with the high number of iterations.

Method of determination of the text direction on the image with the use of convolutional neural network

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
P.L. Nikolaev
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Deep Neural Network ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Method Of Determination ◽  
Classification Of Images

This article deals with method of binary classification of images with small text on them Classification is based on the fact that the text can have 2 directions – it can be positioned horizontally and read from left to right or it can be turned 180 degrees so the image must be rotated to read the sign. This type of text can be found on the covers of a variety of books, so in case of recognizing the covers, it is necessary first to determine the direction of the text before we will directly recognize it. The article suggests the development of a deep neural network for determination of the text position in the context of book covers recognizing. The results of training and testing of a convolutional neural network on synthetic data as well as the examples of the network functioning on the real data are presented.

A Study on Multi Class Classification from Breast Cancer Images using Ensemble Network and Transfer Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lahari Tipirneni ◽  
Rizwan Patan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Feature Descriptors ◽  
Histopathological Images ◽  
Viable Approach ◽  
Multi Class Classification

Abstract:: Millions of deaths all over the world are caused by breast cancer every year. It has become the most common type of cancer in women. Early detection will help in better prognosis and increases the chance of survival. Automating the classification using Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems can make the diagnosis less prone to errors. Multi class classification and Binary classification of breast cancer is a challenging problem. Convolutional neural network architectures extract specific feature descriptors from images, which cannot represent different types of breast cancer. This leads to false positives in classification, which is undesirable in disease diagnosis. The current paper presents an ensemble Convolutional neural network for multi class classification and Binary classification of breast cancer. The feature descriptors from each network are combined to produce the final classification. In this paper, histopathological images are taken from publicly available BreakHis dataset and classified between 8 classes. The proposed ensemble model can perform better when compared to the methods proposed in the literature. The results showed that the proposed model could be a viable approach for breast cancer classification.

scholarly journals TPOT-NN: augmenting tree-based automated machine learning with neural network estimators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Romano ◽  
Trang T. Le ◽  
Weixuan Fu ◽  
Jason H. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Inductive Learning ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Learning Tasks ◽  
Benchmark Datasets ◽  
Automated Machine Learning ◽  
Standard Tree

AbstractAutomated machine learning (AutoML) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) have revolutionized the field of artificial intelligence by yielding incredibly high-performing models to solve a myriad of inductive learning tasks. In spite of their successes, little guidance exists on when to use one versus the other. Furthermore, relatively few tools exist that allow the integration of both AutoML and ANNs in the same analysis to yield results combining both of their strengths. Here, we present TPOT-NN—a new extension to the tree-based AutoML software TPOT—and use it to explore the behavior of automated machine learning augmented with neural network estimators (AutoML+NN), particularly when compared to non-NN AutoML in the context of simple binary classification on a number of public benchmark datasets. Our observations suggest that TPOT-NN is an effective tool that achieves greater classification accuracy than standard tree-based AutoML on some datasets, with no loss in accuracy on others. We also provide preliminary guidelines for performing AutoML+NN analyses, and recommend possible future directions for AutoML+NN methods research, especially in the context of TPOT.

Detection and Classification of Brain Tumors from MRI Images Using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network Approach

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Neural Network Models ◽  
Neural Network Approach ◽  
Cancer Disease

Brain tumor is a severe cancer disease caused by uncontrollable and abnormal partitioning of cells. Timely disease detection and treatment plans lead to the increased life expectancy of patients. Automated detection and classification of brain tumor are a more challenging process which is based on the clinician’s knowledge and experience. For this fact, one of the most practical and important techniques is to use deep learning. Recent progress in the fields of deep learning has helped the clinician’s in medical imaging for medical diagnosis of brain tumor. In this paper, we present a comparison of Deep Convolutional Neural Network models for automatically binary classification query MRI images dataset with the goal of taking precision tools to health professionals based on fined recent versions of DenseNet, Xception, NASNet-A, and VGGNet. The experiments were conducted using an MRI open dataset of 3,762 images. Other performance measures used in the study are the area under precision, recall, and specificity.

Entropy estimation of the fragments of chest X-ray images

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Aleksei Aleksandrovich Rumyantsev ◽  
Farkhad Mansurovich Bikmuratov ◽  
Nikolai Pavlovich Pashin
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Type I ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Preliminary Calculation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Chest X Ray

The subject of this research is medical chest X-ray images. After fundamental pre-processing, the accumulated database of such images can be used for training deep convolutional neural networks that have become one of the most significant innovations in recent years. The trained network carries out preliminary binary classification of the incoming images and serve as an assistant to the radiotherapist. For this purpose, it is necessary to train the neural network to carefully minimize type I and type II errors. Possible approach towards improving the effectiveness of application of neural networks, by the criteria of reducing computational complexity and quality of image classification, is the auxiliary approaches: image pre-processing and preliminary calculation of entropy of the fragments. The article provides the algorithm for X-ray image pre-processing, its fragmentation, and calculation of the entropy of separate fragments. In the course of pre-processing, the region of lungs and spine is selected, which comprises approximately 30-40% of the entire image. Then the image is divided into the matrix of fragments, calculating the entropy of separate fragments in accordance with Shannon’s formula based pm the analysis of individual pixels. Determination of the rate of occurrence of each of the 255 colors allows calculating the total entropy. The use of entropy for detecting pathologies is based on the assumption that its values differ for separate fragments and overall picture of its distribution between the images with the norm and pathologies. The article analyzes the statistical values: standard deviation of error, dispersion. A fully connected neural network is used for determining the patterns in distribution of entropy and its statistical characteristics on various fragments of the chest X-ray image.

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