scholarly journals POSTHUMOUSLY CONCEIVED CHILDREN: DETERMINATION OF PARENTAGE AND INHERITANCE RIGHTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Марина Шелютто ◽  
Marina SHyelyutto
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Province ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Cryopreserved Sperm ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dead Man ◽  
Posthumous Reproduction ◽  
Key Questions

The possibility to store sperm and to produce embryos in vitro has made it possible for a child to be conceived after the death of one or even both of the child’s parents and the number of posthumous conceptions has increased in recent decades around the world. Posthumous reproduction raises a complex of legal issues: has someone the right to harvest sperm from a dead man body and to use cryopreserved sperm, embryos or eggs to conceive a child after the death of his (her) genetic parent, can posthumously conceived child have legal tie with such a parent and inherit from his (her) parent? These issues have direct relevance to human rights in the sphere of reproduction and the rights of posthumously conceived child simultaneously. According to foreign law the key questions in determination of parentage are the consent of the deceased person to use postmortem reproduction and his or her consent to be a parent of posthumously conceived child. Traditionally to inherit, a person must be alive at the death of the testator or to be conceived before the death, but this rule has been already changed in 21 states of the USA and the Canadian province of British Columbia, where posthumously conceived children can inherit. However, besides the determination of parentage, there are several other additional conditions of their inheritance rights.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
pp. 246-256
Author(s):  
Steven Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Political Factions ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Right ◽  
Made In ◽  
Key Questions

The conclusion summarizes the arguments made in the previous chapters and returns to the key questions raised in the introduction. It concludes that the available evidence suggest that the Islamic Republic was not bent on the development of nuclear weapons and that key political factions within Iran were happy to forego them in return for reciprocal concessions from the USA. It further follows from that conclusion that claims that the JCPOA represented a successful coercion of Iran through sanctions are wide of the mark. Iranian leaders had been prepared to offer a compromise before effective sanctions were imposed and a deal was only reached when Obama conceded Iran the right to continue enriching uranium. Finally, the chapter argues, based on these conclusions, that Donald Trump's decision to abandon the agreement and re-impose sanctions is unlikely to produce the concessions from Iran that he desires

scholarly journals Prêt-à-Porter Procreation: Contemplating the Ban on Preimplantation Sex Selection

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Sheetal Soni
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Sex Selection ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Preimplantation Genetic Testing ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

Preimplantation genetic testing makes it possible to genetically test in vitro embryos for the presence of genetic disease. It also identifies the sex of the embryo. Preimplantation sex selection is prohibited in a number of jurisdictions, including South Africa. Sex selection may be considered to be included in the ambit of the right to reproductive autonomy under the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. An analysis of international human rights law supports such a view, and a comparison with foreign law suggests that South Africa should be wary of adopting blanket prohibitions without considering their context. The analysis demonstrates that a prohibition of preimplantation sex selection may have no place in South African law.

Determination of in vitro „anti-aging„-effects of Ganoderma pfeifferi

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Jülich ◽  
J Pörksen ◽  
H Welzel ◽  
U Lindequist
Keyword(s):  
Aging Effects

In vitro determination of the skin anti-aging potential of eleven South African plants

Planta Medica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
GN Ndlovu ◽  
G Fouche ◽  
W Cordier ◽  
V Steenkamp ◽  
M Tselanyane
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
South African Plants ◽  
African Plants

A Molecular Approach to Immunoscintigraphy: A Study of the T-Antigen Conformation on the Surface of Tumors

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Selvaraj ◽  
M. R. Suresh ◽  
G. McLean ◽  
D. Willans ◽  
C. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Human Carcinomas ◽  
Animal Tumor ◽  
Synthetic Antigens

The role of glycoconjugates in tumor cell differentiation has been well documented. We have examined the expression of the two anomers of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen on the surface of human, canine and murine tumor cell membranes both in vitro and in vivo. This has been accomplished through the synthesis of the disaccharide terminal residues in both a and ß configuration. Both entities were used to generate murine monoclonal antibodies which recognized the carbohydrate determinants. The determination of fine specificities of these antibodies was effected by means of cellular uptake, immunohistopathology and immunoscintigraphy. Examination of pathological specimens of human and canine tumor tissue indicated that the expressed antigen was in the β configuration. More than 89% of all human carcinomas tested expressed the antigen in the above anomeric form. The combination of synthetic antigens and monoclonal antibodies raised specifically against them provide us with invaluable tools for the study of tumor marker expression in humans and their respective animal tumor models.

Evaluation of 99mTc-Label led Vitamin K4 as an Agent for Testicular Imaging

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Durak ◽  
M. Kitapgi ◽  
B. E. Caner ◽  
R. Senekowitsch ◽  
M. T. Ercan
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Left Testis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Activity Ratios ◽  
The Right ◽  
Radioactivity Levels

Vitamin K4 was labelled with 99mTc with an efficiency higher than 97%. The compound was stable up to 24 h at room temperature, and its biodistribution in NMRI mice indicated its in vivo stability. Blood radioactivity levels were high over a wide range. 10% of the injected activity remained in blood after 24 h. Excretion was mostly via kidneys. Only the liver and kidneys concentrated appreciable amounts of radioactivity. Testis/soft tissue ratios were 1.4 and 1.57 at 6 and 24 h, respectively. Testis/blood ratios were lower than 1. In vitro studies with mouse blood indicated that 33.9 ±9.6% of the radioactivity was associated with RBCs; it was washed out almost completely with saline. Protein binding was 28.7 ±6.3% as determined by TCA precipitation. Blood clearance of 99mTc-l<4 in normal subjects showed a slow decrease of radioactivity, reaching a plateau after 16 h at 20% of the injected activity. In scintigraphic images in men the testes could be well visualized. The right/left testis ratio was 1.08 ±0.13. Testis/soft tissue and testis/blood activity ratios were highest at 3 h. These ratios were higher than those obtained with pertechnetate at 20 min post injection.99mTc-l<4 appears to be a promising radiopharmaceutical for the scintigraphic visualization of testes.

Storage of Human Blood Platelets

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 405-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R Hardeman ◽  
Carina J L. Heynens
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Serotonin Uptake ◽  
Hypotonic Shock ◽  
Glycolytic Intermediates

SummaryStorage experiments were performed at 4°, 25° and 37° C with platelet-rich plasma under sterile conditions. In some experiments also the effect of storing platelets at 4° C in whole blood was investigated.Before, during and after three days of storage, the platelets were tested at 37° C for their serotonin uptake and response to hypotonic shock. In addition some glycolytic intermediates were determined.A fair correlation was noticed between the serotonin uptake and hypotonic shock experiments. Both parameters were best maintained at 25° C. Also platelet counting, performed after the storage period, indicated 25° C as the best storage temperature. Determination of glycolytic intermediates did not justify any conclusion regarding the optimal storage temperature. Of the various anticoagulants studied, ACD and heparin gave the best results as to the serotonin uptake and hypotonic shock response, either with fresh or stored platelets. The use of EDTA resulted in the lowest activity, especially after storage.The results of these storage experiments in vitro, correspond well with those in vivo reported in the literature.

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